Graphene oxide on vaccines?

2019

For the functionalization of carboxylic groups, some common methods 
include activation coupled with esterification, which solubilizes GO; 
other methods include activation coupled with amidation, which 
facilitates attachment of common biomolecules to GO. The ability to 
enhance its properties demonstrates the wide range of GO’s potential 
applications, especially in the field of biomedicine, water-insoluble 
drug delivery, clinical diagnostics, and specific DNA sequence detection.

For non-covalent functionalization, π-π stacking and electrostatic 
interactions enhance the electrical properties of GO, improving the 
electron transfer process, increasing the specific capacitance, and 
decreasing the internal resistance. Non-covalent functionalization of GO 
has improved as an effective and tunable approach for fabricating 
electrochemical sensors and selective biomolecule detectors. In summary, 
modified graphene oxide sheets are now being widely applied in the 
development of devices for use in fields of industrial, environmental, 
and biomedical research, and their full potential is only beginning to 
be developed.

see more:
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/IT/it/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/batteries-supercapacitors-and-fuel-cells/functionalized-graphene-oxide#5

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Parliamentary questions

30 August 2021
P-003980/2021

Priority question for written answer  P-003980/2021
to the Commission

Rule 138

Teuvo Hakkarainen (ID)

      Answer in writing

  Subject: Do the Sars2 COVID-19 vaccines contain graphene oxide?

Graphene oxide and its toxicological risk are a hot topic in 
nanopharmaceutical research this current decade. Occasionally it is 
claimed to be a trade secret with labile pharmaceutical formulations, 
and, accordingly, there is no separate mention of it, for example, in 
patent applications for Sars 2 COVID-19 vaccines. Graphene family 
nanomaterials (GFN) are not approved for internal human use.

In light of this:

1. Can the Commission say whether mRNA or DNA vaccine formulations 
approved for use in the EU actually contain GFN additives, even if this 
is not evident from the applications?

2. What practical steps does the Commission plan to take to guarantee 
the safety of the population if those dealing in vaccines have not 
released this background information but instead have kept it secret?

https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/P-9-2021-003980_EN.html