RE: How do I tell that I am working with a MC3277 or TN3270? How do I install TSO?

There seems to be a big gap in your problem description/question "My biggest
" leaves a blank line followed by "How does one...."

The HHC* messages indicate that you are issuing commands in the Hercules
console window. 
I'd suggest that you have skipped a few steps in the instructions and have
not started the necessary TN3270 sessions; one for the MVS console and at
least another for the user logon to TSO. 

I also wonder if you have even IPL'd MVS. 

I suggest that you go back to the documentation and restart where it says to
start the TN3270 clients.