[PATCH v7 21/36] KVM: x86: Avoid redundant masterclock updates from multiple vCPUs

David Woodhouse <[email protected]> Tue, 28 Jul 2026 15:40:01 +0100
Newsgroups gmane.comp.emulators.xen.devel,gmane.comp.emulators.kvm.devel,gmane.linux.documentation,gmane.linux.kernel
Message-ID <[email protected]>
From: David Woodhouse <[email protected]>

When a masterclock update is triggered (e.g. by the clocksource change
notifier), KVM_REQ_MASTERCLOCK_UPDATE is set on all vCPUs. Without this
fix, each vCPU independently processes the request and redundantly
re-executes the entire pvclock_update_vm_gtod_copy() sequence, serialized
only by tsc_write_lock. Each redundant re-snapshot of the master clock
reference point introduces potential clock drift.

Fix this by having __kvm_start_pvclock_update() check, after acquiring
the lock, whether the requesting vCPU's KVM_REQ_MASTERCLOCK_UPDATE is
still set. If another vCPU already did the update and cleared it, bail
out. Otherwise, clear the request on all other vCPUs before proceeding.

The caller in vcpu_enter_guest() now uses kvm_test_request() (non-clearing)
since the clearing is done inside __kvm_start_pvclock_update() under the
lock.

Suggested-by: Dongli Zhang <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Dongli Zhang <[email protected]>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 46 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 83db915ef1d4..06f968007f1a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -1727,10 +1727,39 @@ static void kvm_make_mclock_inprogress_request(struct kvm *kvm)
 	kvm_make_all_cpus_request(kvm, KVM_REQ_MCLOCK_INPROGRESS);
 }
 
-static void __kvm_start_pvclock_update(struct kvm *kvm)
+static void kvm_clear_mclock_inprogress_request(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
+	unsigned long i;
+
+	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm)
+		kvm_clear_request(KVM_REQ_MCLOCK_INPROGRESS, vcpu);
+}
+
+static bool __kvm_start_pvclock_update(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_vcpu *requesting_vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
+	unsigned long i;
+
 	raw_spin_lock_irq(&kvm->arch.tsc_write_lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * If another vCPU already did the update while we were waiting
+	 * for the lock, our request will have been cleared. Bail out.
+	 */
+	if (requesting_vcpu &&
+	    !kvm_test_request(KVM_REQ_MASTERCLOCK_UPDATE, requesting_vcpu)) {
+		kvm_clear_mclock_inprogress_request(kvm);
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&kvm->arch.tsc_write_lock);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* The update is VM-wide; prevent other vCPUs from redoing it. */
+	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm)
+		kvm_clear_request(KVM_REQ_MASTERCLOCK_UPDATE, vcpu);
+
 	write_seqcount_begin(&kvm->arch.pvclock_sc);
+	return true;
 }
 
 static void kvm_start_pvclock_update(struct kvm *kvm)
@@ -1738,7 +1767,7 @@ static void kvm_start_pvclock_update(struct kvm *kvm)
 	kvm_make_mclock_inprogress_request(kvm);
 
 	/* no guest entries from this point */
-	__kvm_start_pvclock_update(kvm);
+	__kvm_start_pvclock_update(kvm, NULL);
 }
 
 static void kvm_end_pvclock_update(struct kvm *kvm)
@@ -1747,22 +1776,25 @@ static void kvm_end_pvclock_update(struct kvm *kvm)
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
 	unsigned long i;
 
-	write_seqcount_end(&ka->pvclock_sc);
-	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&ka->tsc_write_lock);
 	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm)
 		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_CLOCK_UPDATE, vcpu);
 
 	/* guest entries allowed */
-	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm)
-		kvm_clear_request(KVM_REQ_MCLOCK_INPROGRESS, vcpu);
+	kvm_clear_mclock_inprogress_request(kvm);
+
+	write_seqcount_end(&ka->pvclock_sc);
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&ka->tsc_write_lock);
 }
 
-static void kvm_update_masterclock(struct kvm *kvm)
+static void kvm_update_masterclock(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	kvm_hv_request_tsc_page_update(kvm);
-	kvm_start_pvclock_update(kvm);
-	pvclock_update_vm_gtod_copy(kvm);
-	kvm_end_pvclock_update(kvm);
+	kvm_make_mclock_inprogress_request(kvm);
+
+	if (__kvm_start_pvclock_update(kvm, vcpu)) {
+		pvclock_update_vm_gtod_copy(kvm);
+		kvm_end_pvclock_update(kvm);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6822,7 +6854,7 @@ static void kvm_hyperv_tsc_notifier(void)
 	kvm_caps.max_guest_tsc_khz = tsc_khz;
 
 	list_for_each_entry(kvm, &vm_list, vm_list) {
-		__kvm_start_pvclock_update(kvm);
+		__kvm_start_pvclock_update(kvm, NULL);
 		pvclock_update_vm_gtod_copy(kvm);
 		kvm_end_pvclock_update(kvm);
 	}
@@ -8204,8 +8236,8 @@ static int vcpu_enter_guest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 			kvm_mmu_free_obsolete_roots(vcpu);
 		if (kvm_check_request(KVM_REQ_MIGRATE_TIMER, vcpu))
 			__kvm_migrate_timers(vcpu);
-		if (kvm_check_request(KVM_REQ_MASTERCLOCK_UPDATE, vcpu))
-			kvm_update_masterclock(vcpu->kvm);
+		if (kvm_test_request(KVM_REQ_MASTERCLOCK_UPDATE, vcpu))
+			kvm_update_masterclock(vcpu->kvm, vcpu);
 		if (kvm_check_request(KVM_REQ_GLOBAL_CLOCK_UPDATE, vcpu))
 			kvm_gen_kvmclock_update(vcpu);
 		if (kvm_check_request(KVM_REQ_CLOCK_UPDATE, vcpu)) {
@@ -9557,7 +9589,7 @@ void kvm_arch_vcpu_postcreate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	vcpu_load(vcpu);
 	kvm_synchronize_tsc(vcpu, NULL);
 	if (!vcpu->kvm->arch.use_master_clock)
-		kvm_update_masterclock(vcpu->kvm);
+		kvm_update_masterclock(vcpu->kvm, NULL);
 	vcpu_put(vcpu);
 
 	/* poll control enabled by default */
-- 
2.55.0