[Bug c++/126406] New: __is_nothrow_invocable crashes gcc

https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=126406

            Bug ID: 126406
           Summary: __is_nothrow_invocable crashes gcc
           Product: gcc
           Version: 16.0
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P3
         Component: c++
          Assignee: unassigned at gcc dot gnu.org
          Reporter: cassio.neri at gmail dot com
  Target Milestone: ---

This code crashes GCC 16:

```
#include <functional>

void f();

static_assert(std::invoke<decltype(f)>);
```

The crash report says:

```
internal compiler error: in type_throw_all_p, at cp/except.cc:1278
```

See https://godbolt.org/z/8a8aejYqh

The bare minimum to reproduce that I came up with is this:

```
template<typename F>
void invoke(F&&) noexcept(__is_nothrow_invocable(F)) {
}

void f();

static_assert(invoke<decltype(f)>);
```

See https://godbolt.org/z/nc9Es5z67

GCC 15 has no issue.