[gcc r17-3436] c++/reflection: reject bare [: bases_of(...)[0] :]

https://gcc.gnu.org/g:50a2eb56b9a350ecced4db4942e92d463dab8d8f

commit r17-3436-g50a2eb56b9a350ecced4db4942e92d463dab8d8f
Author: Marek Polacek <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Aug 17 16:37:42 2026 -0400

    c++/reflection: reject bare [: bases_of(...)[0] :]
    
    On my P4101 branch splice1.C is crashing in gimplify_expr because we
    fail to reject
    
      [: bases_of (^^T, ctx)[0] :];
    
    which I think should be ill-formed since there's no object.  Splicing a NSDM
    also needs an object.
    
    [expr.prim.splice]/2.4 is not explicit about it, but every time the
    standard talks about "designates a direct base class relationship" for
    a splice, it's phrased in terms of E1.E2, like [expr.ref]/6.  And
    P3293 also only mentions obj.[: ... :].
    
    gcc/cp/ChangeLog:
    
            * reflect.cc (check_splice_expr): Reject splicing a direct base
            class relationship without an object.
    
    gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
    
            * g++.dg/reflect/mangle3.C: Adjust.
            * g++.dg/reflect/splice1.C: Remove XFAIL.
    
    Reviewed-by: Jason Merrill <[email protected]>

Diff:
---
 gcc/cp/reflect.cc                      | 10 ++++++++++
 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/mangle3.C |  7 +++++--
 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/splice1.C |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gcc/cp/reflect.cc b/gcc/cp/reflect.cc
index be3c2c5f86cc..7e962fdc19e5 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/reflect.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/reflect.cc
@@ -9408,6 +9408,16 @@ check_splice_expr (location_t loc, location_t start_loc, tree t,
       return false;
     }
 
+  /* Like with NSDMs, a bare [:X:] designating a direct base class
+     relationship is ill-formed.  */
+  if (!member_access_p && TREE_CODE (t) == TREE_BINFO)
+    {
+      if (complain_p)
+	error_at (loc, "cannot use a base class in a splice expression "
+		  "without an object");
+      return false;
+    }
+
   if (template_p)
     {
       /* [expr.prim.splice] For a splice-expression of the form template
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/mangle3.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/mangle3.C
index 2430b0e136c4..390f249fb0c9 100644
--- a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/mangle3.C
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/mangle3.C
@@ -134,6 +134,9 @@ consteval auto f26 (typename [:^^T:] x) { return x; }
 template<info R>
 constexpr auto f27 (typename [:R:]::Alias x) { return x; }
 
+template<info M>
+constexpr auto f28 () -> decltype(S{}.[:M:].i) { return 42; }
+
 void
 g (int p)
 {
@@ -175,8 +178,6 @@ g (int p)
 // { dg-final { scan-assembler "_Z2f5ILDmvlLi42EEEDtDST_EEv" } }
   f5<std::meta::reflect_object (arr[1])>();
 // { dg-final { scan-assembler "_Z2f5ILDmobixL_Z3arrEL\[ilx]1EEEDtDST_EEv" } }
-  f5<bases_of (^^S, ctx)[0]>();
-// { dg-final { scan-assembler "_Z2f5ILDmba_1SEEDtDST_EEv" } }
   f6<Y>(Y{42});
 // { dg-final { scan-assembler "_Z2f6I1YEDaDSLDmtyT_EE" } }
   f7<^^TCls>(TCls<0>{});
@@ -236,4 +237,6 @@ g (int p)
   constexpr auto r = f26<std::meta::info>({});
   f27<^^::>(42);
 // { dg-final { scan-assembler "_Z3f27ILDmgsEEDaNDST_E5AliasE" } }
+  f28<bases_of (^^S, ctx)[0]>();
+// { dg-final { scan-assembler "_Z3f28ILDmba_1SEEDtdtdttlS0_EDST_E1iEv" } }
 }
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/splice1.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/splice1.C
index fd9fab1efa38..8ef4f7fc0300 100644
--- a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/splice1.C
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/reflect/splice1.C
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ foo ()
   s.[: (members_of (^^S, ctx) | std::views::filter (is_destructor) | std::ranges::to <std::vector> ())[0] :] ();		// { dg-error "cannot use constructor or destructor .constexpr S::~S\\(\\). in a splice expression" }
   [: annotations_of (^^foo)[0] :]; // { dg-error "cannot use an annotation .1. in a splice expression" }
   [: data_member_spec (^^S, { .name = "name" }) :]; // { dg-error "cannot use a data member specification in a splice expression" }
-  [: bases_of (^^T, ctx)[0] :];													// { dg-error "" "" { xfail *-*-* } }
+  [: bases_of (^^T, ctx)[0] :];	// { dg-error "cannot use a base class in a splice expression" }
 }