Re: [PATCH] tree-opt: Remove redundant VEC_COND_EXPR statements involving masked inputs [PR111770]

On Mon, 17 Aug 2026, Victor Do Nascimento wrote:

> Consider the following dot-product computation:

I'm a bit confused about the back-to-back of the reply to v2
and this unversioned patch?  Is this one v3?

Please state which patch you consider latest and want reviewed.

Thanks,
Richard.

>   uint32_t
>   tcp_checksum(int n, uint8_t* data)
>   {
>     uint32_t sum = 0;
>     for (int i=0; i<n; i+=1)
>       sum += data[i] * data[i];
>     return sum;
>   }
> 
> At present, following vectorization and the subsequent optimization
> passes, we will end up with the following GIMPLE code:
> 
>   vect__1 = .MASK_LOAD (vectp_data, 8B, loop_mask_1, { 0, ... });
>   masked_op1_1 = VEC_COND_EXPR <loop_mask_1, vect__1, { 0, ... }>;
>   vect_patt_1 = DOT_PROD_EXPR <vect__1, masked_op1_1, vect_sum_1>;
> 
> While in this case the `VEC_COND_EXPR' is redundant, we cannot make the
> assumption that input data for the vectorized dot product would always
> already be masked.  As such, it is correct that `VEC_COND_EXPR'
> should be emitted in conjunction with `DOT_PROD_EXPR' by the vectorizer
> in order to emulate masked dot product operations.
> 
> Where simplification is possible, a better approach that maintains
> correctness is to look at the input data, mask and else value going into
> the VEC_COND_EXPR, walking back up the USE-DEF chain to see whether the
> source of the input data shares the same mask and else values.  If so,
> we can safely remove the VEC_COND_EXPR statement from  the cfg, thus
> resulting in the more optimal variant:
> 
>   vect__1 = .MASK_LOAD (vectp_data, 8B, loop_mask_1, { 0, ... });
>   vect_patt_1 = DOT_PROD_EXPR <vect__1, vect__1, vect_sum_1>;
> 
> Another, more complex, example of where the VEC_COND_EXPR removal is
> valid comes from the sum-of-absolute-differences computation, wherein
> we see:
> 
>   vect__1 = .MASK_LOAD (_220, 8B, loop_mask_1, { 0, ... });
>   vect__2 = .MASK_LOAD (_232, 8B, loop_mask_1, { 0, ... });
>   masked_op1_1 =  VEC_COND_EXPR (loop_mask_1, vect__2, vect__1);
>   vect_patt_1 = SAD_EXPR <vect__1, masked_op1_1, vect_result_1>;
> 
> Here, comparing the mask and else values of `masked_op1_1' and `vect__2'
> gives:
> 
>   (mask) loop_mask_1 == loop_mask_1
>   (else) vect__1 != { 0. ... }
> 
> which would fail the original condition stipulated above.
> 
> It is worth noting, however, that we don't care about the entire
> contents of the "else" vector, only the values it provides for the
> VEC_COND_EXPR inactive lanes.  This allows for a further refinement of
> the simplification condition.  If the else vector is itself an SSA
> definition, populated using the same mask and the same else values,
> then the equality condition required for safe removal of the
> VEC_COND_EXPR is still valid, e.g.
> 
>   (mask) loop_mask_1 == loop_mask_1
>   (else) (vect__1 & loop_mask_1) == { 0. ... }
> 
> This allows us to implement the necessary checks recursively and pick
> up more simplification cases.
> 
> We can do this in `match.pd' via a simple pattern, e.g.
> 
> (simplify
>  (vec_cond @0 @1 @2)
>  (if (same_mask_and_else_value_p (@0, @1, @2))
>   @1))
> 
> and implement it in the current patch.
> 
> 	PR tree-optimization/111770
> 
> gcc/Changelog:
> 
> 	* match.pd: Add `same_mask_and_else_value_p' to
> 	`define_predicates', applying it to `vec_cond' expression
> 	simplification.
> 	* tree.cc (same_mask_and_else_value_p): New.
> 	* tree.h (same_mask_and_else_value_p): Likewise.
> 
> gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
> 
> 	* gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-dot.c: New
> 	* gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-sad.c: New
> ---
>  gcc/match.pd                              | 11 +++++-
>  gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-dot.c | 20 +++++++++++
>  gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-sad.c | 24 +++++++++++++
>  gcc/tree.cc                               | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++
>  gcc/tree.h                                |  1 +
>  5 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>  create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-dot.c
>  create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-sad.c
> 
> diff --git a/gcc/match.pd b/gcc/match.pd
> index 0ba97b32cb1..3da40f6adcb 100644
> --- a/gcc/match.pd
> +++ b/gcc/match.pd
> @@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
>     HONOR_NANS
>     uniform_vector_p
>     expand_vec_cmp_expr_p
> -   bitmask_inv_cst_vector_p)
> +   bitmask_inv_cst_vector_p
> +   same_mask_and_else_value_p)
>  
>  /* Operator lists.  */
>  (define_operator_list tcc_comparison
> @@ -8897,6 +8898,14 @@ DEFINE_INT_AND_FLOAT_ROUND_FN (RINT)
>  	 (icmp @0 { csts; })
>  	 (icmp (view_convert:utype @0) { csts; })))))))))
>  
> +/* Transform cases where VEC_COND_EXPR carries out a redundant operation,
> +   e.g. masking out values that have already been masked out from a previous
> +   masking operation such as a masked load.  */
> +(simplify
> + (vec_cond @0 @1 @2)
> + (if (same_mask_and_else_value_p (@0, @1, @2))
> +  @1))
> +
>  /* When one argument is a constant, overflow detection can be simplified.
>     Currently restricted to single use so as not to interfere too much with
>     ADD_OVERFLOW detection in tree-ssa-math-opts.cc.
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-dot.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-dot.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..667519d1e50
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-dot.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
> +/* { dg-do compile } */
> +/* { dg-additional-options "-fdump-tree-optimized" } */
> +/* { dg-require-effective-target vect_masked_load } */
> +#include <stdint.h>
> +
> +#define CHECK_DOT(IN, OUT) 		\
> +OUT check_dot_##OUT(int n, IN* data) { 	\
> +  OUT sum = 0;				\
> +  for (int i=0; i<n; i+=1) {		\
> +    sum += data[i] * data[i];		\
> +  }					\
> +  return sum;				\
> +}
> +
> +CHECK_DOT (uint8_t, uint32_t);
> +CHECK_DOT (int8_t, int32_t);
> +CHECK_DOT (int16_t, int64_t);
> +
> +/* { dg-final { scan-tree-dump-times {vectorized 1 loops} 3 "vect"  } } */
> +/* { dg-final { scan-tree-dump-not {VEC_COND_EXPR} "optimized" } } */
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-sad.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-sad.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..a5fa1f50838
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-cond-sad.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
> +/* { dg-do compile } */
> +/* { dg-additional-options "-fdump-tree-optimized" } */
> +/* { dg-require-effective-target vect_masked_load } */
> +
> +#define N 64
> +
> +unsigned char X[N] __attribute__ ((__aligned__(__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__)));
> +unsigned char Y[N] __attribute__ ((__aligned__(__BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__)));
> +int abs (int);
> +
> +__attribute__ ((noinline)) int
> +foo (int len)
> +{
> +  int i;
> +  int result = 0;
> +
> +  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
> +    result += abs (X[i] - Y[i]);
> +
> +  return result;
> +}
> +
> +/* { dg-final { scan-tree-dump {vectorized 1 loops} "vect"  } } */
> +/* { dg-final { scan-tree-dump-not {VEC_COND_EXPR} "optimized" } } */
> diff --git a/gcc/tree.cc b/gcc/tree.cc
> index c8aa42b3e10..93973aa8a4c 100644
> --- a/gcc/tree.cc
> +++ b/gcc/tree.cc
> @@ -12343,6 +12343,48 @@ block_ultimate_origin (const_tree block)
>      }
>  }
>  
> +/* Look for masking redundancy.  When applying a mask, check whether the
> +   statement defining the input values uses the same mask and else values as the
> +   current masking operation, in which case the masking operation is redundant
> +   and may be safely eliminated.
> +
> +   The functionality is recursive.  If the else values don't match, but ELSE_VAL
> +   is itself a SSA assignment from a masked operation, and that has the same
> +   inactive lanes with the same values, the overall result is the same.  */
> +
> +bool
> +same_mask_and_else_value_p (tree mask, tree then_val, tree else_val)
> +{
> +  if (then_val && TREE_CODE (then_val) == SSA_NAME)
> +    {
> +      /* Walk back up the use-def chain and see whether value comes from a
> +	 masked operation.  */
> +      gimple *then_defn = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (then_val);
> +      if (then_defn
> +	  && is_gimple_call (then_defn)
> +	  && gimple_call_internal_p (then_defn))
> +	{
> +	  internal_fn ifn = gimple_call_internal_fn (then_defn);
> +	  int mask_index = internal_fn_mask_index (ifn);
> +	  if (mask_index == 0)
> +	    return false;
> +
> +	  /* See how the defining masked operation populated inactive lanes
> +	     and compare this to how the current masked op handles its
> +	     inactive lanes.  */
> +	  int false_index = internal_fn_else_index (ifn);
> +	  tree then_mask = gimple_call_arg (then_defn, mask_index);
> +	  tree then_false = gimple_call_arg (then_defn, false_index);
> +
> +	  if (mask == then_mask)
> +	    if (operand_equal_p (else_val, then_false, 0)
> +		|| same_mask_and_else_value_p (then_mask, else_val, then_false))
> +	      return true;
> +	}
> +    }
> +  return false;
> +}
> +
>  /* Return true iff conversion from INNER_TYPE to OUTER_TYPE generates
>     no instruction.  */
>  
> diff --git a/gcc/tree.h b/gcc/tree.h
> index 1ccbf848d9b..68adddcd5f6 100644
> --- a/gcc/tree.h
> +++ b/gcc/tree.h
> @@ -5783,6 +5783,7 @@ extern bool prototype_p (const_tree);
>  extern bool auto_var_p (const_tree);
>  extern bool auto_var_in_fn_p (const_tree, const_tree);
>  extern tree build_low_bits_mask (tree, unsigned);
> +extern bool same_mask_and_else_value_p (tree, tree, tree);
>  extern bool tree_nop_conversion_p (const_tree, const_tree);
>  extern tree tree_strip_nop_conversions (tree);
>  extern tree tree_strip_sign_nop_conversions (tree);
> 

-- 
Richard Biener <[email protected]>
SUSE Software Solutions Germany GmbH,
Frankenstrasse 146, 90461 Nuernberg, Germany;
GF: Jochen Jaser, Andrew McDonald, Abhinav Puri; (HRB 36809, AG Nuernberg)