[Bug symtab/34481] New: bfd_section_size_insane enforces arbitrary limit on decompressed size of .dwo files

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=34481

            Bug ID: 34481
           Summary: bfd_section_size_insane enforces arbitrary limit on
                    decompressed size of .dwo files
           Product: gdb
           Version: 17.1
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: symtab
          Assignee: unassigned at sourceware dot org
          Reporter: ryan.berryhill at gmail dot com
  Target Milestone: ---

Created attachment 16905
  --> https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16905&action=edit
C reproducer

In bfd_section_size_insane, there's an arbitrary limit that a section's
decompressed size cannot exceed 10x the size of the file it belongs to. When
debugging a program with compressed split debug symbols, it's possible to
exceed this limit. gdb will fail to load the symbols and produce errors like
those below.

The attached C program can reproduce the bug. Building and debugging it like so
(using main expand-symtabs to illustrate the problem):

# Build the reproducer (I used gcc 11.4.0 but any version supporting the
options used should work)
gcc -g -gsplit-dwarf -gz -o repro repro.c
# Run maint expand-symtabs to trigger the bug (I used gdb 17.1 but the issue
exists in at least 17.2 and HEAD)
gdb -nx -batch -ex "maint expand-symtabs" ./repro
During symbol reading: BFD: error:
/home/ubuntu/src/gdb-bug/repro.dwo(.debug_str.dwo) is too large (0x1a0b4 bytes)
During symbol reading: Can't read data for section '.debug_str.dwo' in file
'/home/ubuntu/src/gdb-bug/repro.dwo'
DW_FORM_GNU_str_index or DW_FORM_strx used without .debug_str.dwo section in CU
at offset 0x0 [in module /home/ubuntu/src/gdb-bug/repro]
DW_FORM_GNU_str_index or DW_FORM_strx used without .debug_str.dwo section in CU
at offset 0x0 [in module /home/ubuntu/src/gdb-bug/repro]

While this is a contrived reproducer, I'm hitting this bug in a real C++
codebase.

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