Re: A Terible Problem with accessibility of Gnome

Bill Cox via gnome-accessibility-list <[email protected]> Sun, 30 May 2021 17:57:34 -0700
Newsgroups gmane.comp.gnome.accessibility.general
Message-ID <CAH9QtQHas6nu6HotXKb3d_WUA_nkYhmQGCsjQ78eWWH+9FRG9w@mail.gmail.com>
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The EU regulations are good news!  Still, regulations force companies to
make products accessible.  Making them delightful to use while blind is not
required.  Gnome is already accessible.  Every problem the OP ran into has
a work around.  That generally is all laws require.

What makes Windows a11y nice is Microsoft made it a priorityat the CEO
level, in a militaristic company.  Note that I use Linux exclusively, but I
miss the.speed of NVDA with Microsoft Word, for example.  Google docs is
slow, so I copy docs into gedit to read them quickly using Orca.  Note that
Google is also a slime mold.  Google's a11y devs are awesome!  I know a few
of them, and some of the are my heros.  But a slime mold has trouble
delivering delightful a11y.

Bill

On Sun, May 30, 2021, 7:01 AM Jason White <[email protected]> wrote:

> I think the regulatory environment may change attitudes and resource
> allocation somewhat. For example, computers and operating systems are
> explicitly required to meet accessibility standards under the European
> Accessibility Act, which applies to products placed on the European common
> market. This isn't yet in force, but it will be later in the decade. There
> may be other regulatory changes elsewhere.
>
> This could have significant consequences in terms of legal liability for
> commercial distributors and for hardware vendors who supply pre-installed
> systems. I think it is in the interests of Linux distributors to move ahead
> of the regulations by coordinating through the GNOME Foundation, Linux
> Foundation and other projects to commit additional resources to
> accessibility efforts. At the moment, there's a community with great
> expertise which is doing excellent work, but there's a need for additional,
> ongoing commitments in order to improve the quality of implementation and
> to make it sustainable. We may be heading to a point at which distributors
> can't integrate code until it satisfies accessibility criteria - for legal
> reasons, and that would place pressure (positively, by way of developer
> education and awareness, and negatively, by way of the risk of legal
> liability) on the decentralized development processes.
> On 30/5/21 8:02 am, Bill Cox wrote:
>
> GNU-Linux's accessibility limitations compared to Windows are basically
> baked-in, and I doubt it will change.  It is no one's fault.  It is simply
> a result of distributed development with no central leader.  However, you
> can use NVDA to access Linux through a terminal window, and most of Linux's
> goodness will be accessible this way.
>
> I will try to explain how I see the situation below.  It is certainly not
> the fault of anyone working on Orca, or any a11y developer at all.  It is
> just life in the land of distributed open source projects.
>
> TL;DR
>
> Janky a11y on Linux is not the fault of the various a11y developers, who
> genuinely care about the needs of blind folks, and IMO do a great job with
> very limited resources.  The problems are baked into GNU-Linux in various
> ways.  One way to look at this is that Microsoft is like the military, with
> a top commander issuing orders, which are followed by everyone, while Linux
> is more like a slime mold, with no central nervous system.  There is good
> and bad with both approaches, and unfortunately, a11y support will
> generally be better in a military-style run organization, assuming that the
> top leaders have made a11y a priority.
>
> Bill Gates mandated that accessibility was a top priority, and attended
> accessibility meetings personally.  That is why Windows is as accessible as
> it is.  Ubuntu is an open source project, and it is simply not possible to
> force every developer to get onboard.  IIUC, Steve Jobs did not care about
> a11y, which is why Apple had non-accessible products for so long, and IIUC,
> Tim Cook does care, and was able to force Apple to embrace a11y.  With
> Linux, we have various leaders who do care, and some who don't.  The result
> is that a11y on Linux is janky and probably always will be.
>
> There are many examples I can point to.  For example, the main developer
> of PulseAudio cares about music, but not as much about screen reader users,
> which is why PulseAudio has broken a11y so many times.  Some devs in the
> low level GTK widgets refuse to make pixmaps capable of having a text
> description, which is why the icons remain inaccessible in many desktop
> environments in Linux.  Gnome does better than any other Linux desktop
> environment, in my experience, but Gnome can't make non-accessible widgets
> magically accessible.  While in most cases, the goals of free software
> advocates are in line with a11y advocates, these groups tend to differ on
> support for commercial closed-source software, such as text-to-speech
> engines, which is one reason we have limited options in Linux.  I use the
> Voxin voice, which is the same as Eloquence, and if I were not a programmer
> capable of hacking the speech stack, I doubt I could consistently use it.
>
> A common reply to a11y advocates in the open-source community is that if
> you don't like the way it is, fix it yourself.  However, this is simply not
> realistic.  For example, I fixed the pixmap GTK class to add an accessible
> description, and attempted to merge this fix into the Vinux version of
> Linux.  I had to fork not just GTK, but all of Gnome to make this work.  I
> don't have the time to maintain a fork of the entire desktop just to make
> pixmaps talk.
>
> Another problem I've faced personally in the open-source community is
> dealing with folks' feelings.  For example, I have an entire alternate
> speech stack that can work with Orca, but this upset some of the
> speech-dispatcher devs who do very important a11y work.  I tried working
> with them, and to their credit, they did incorporate one of the most
> important changes I have in my stack: they moved the code to talk to the
> sound system into speech-dispatcher proper.  However, I keep most of my
> a11y code to myself simply not to upset anyone.  Maybe if I understood
> people's feelings better, I could contribute more effectively, but from my
> point of view, I poke a random weak spot of the slime mold, and the whole
> thing freaks out.
>
> So, I hope that long winded explanation helps you understand why Linux
> a11y is as janky as it is.
>
> Best regards,
> Bill
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Sat, May 29, 2021 at 12:21 PM Jason White via gnome-accessibility-list <
> [email protected]> wrote:
>
>>
>> On 29/5/21 4:29 am, Rynhardt Kruger via gnome-accessibility-list wrote:
>> > I definitely think image recognition has improved a lot, both in speed
>> > and accuracy. However, even a difference like 50 milliseconds may be
>> > noticeable by an experienced screen reader user, especially if one
>> > uses speech at 400 words per minute or more.
>>
>> A further difficulty is that any system relying on image recognition
>> imposes the burden of errors on the user, whose ability to correct for
>> them is limited.
>>
>> Image recognition might be useful, however, in automatically detecting
>> errors in the implementation of accessibility APIs. I suppose that would
>> be a research project.
>>
>> My understanding is that the GNOME Foundation has accessibility plans
>> which include a new accessibility API in GTK 4, guidance for developers,
>> and, possibly, better tools for automatically detecting implementation
>> errors.
>>
>> I don't know whether GNOME developers also plan to fix the accessibility
>> API and keyboard navigation of their own applications during the
>> transition to GTK 4. Some proprietary operating system developers have
>> been relatively successful in setting an accessibility policy for their
>> software and implementing it reasonably consistently (e.g., Apple and
>> Microsoft in recent years). So there are precedents that GNOME could
>> surpass, given suitable project governance, developer education, and
>> associated commitment of time and expertise. The GTK 4 initiative is an
>> encouraging start.
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> gnome-accessibility-list mailing list
>> [email protected]
>> https://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/gnome-accessibility-list
>>
>

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<div dir=3D"auto">The EU regulations are good news!=C2=A0 Still, regulation=
s force companies to make products accessible.=C2=A0 Making them delightful=
 to use while blind is not required.=C2=A0 Gnome is already accessible.=C2=
=A0 Every problem the OP ran into has a work around.=C2=A0 That generally i=
s all laws require.<div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">What makes=
 Windows a11y nice is Microsoft made it a priorityat the CEO level, in a mi=
litaristic company.=C2=A0 Note that I use Linux exclusively, but I miss the=
.speed of NVDA with Microsoft Word, for example.=C2=A0 Google docs is slow,=
 so I copy docs into gedit to read them quickly using Orca.=C2=A0 Note that=
 Google is also a slime mold.=C2=A0 Google&#39;s a11y devs are awesome!=C2=
=A0 I know a few of them, and some of the are my heros.=C2=A0 But a slime m=
old has trouble delivering delightful a11y.</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></di=
v><div dir=3D"auto">Bill</div></div><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=
=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Sun, May 30, 2021, 7:01 AM Jason White &lt=
;<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&gt; wrote:<br=
></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-=
left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
 =20
   =20
 =20
  <div>
    <p>I think the regulatory environment may change attitudes and
      resource allocation somewhat. For example, computers and operating
      systems are explicitly required to meet accessibility standards
      under the European Accessibility Act, which applies to products
      placed on the European common market. This isn&#39;t yet in force, bu=
t
      it will be later in the decade. There may be other regulatory
      changes elsewhere.<br>
    </p>
    <p>This could have significant consequences in terms of legal
      liability for commercial distributors and for hardware vendors who
      supply pre-installed systems. I think it is in the interests of
      Linux distributors to move ahead of the regulations by
      coordinating through the GNOME Foundation, Linux Foundation and
      other projects to commit additional resources to accessibility
      efforts. At the moment, there&#39;s a community with great expertise
      which is doing excellent work, but there&#39;s a need for additional,
      ongoing commitments in order to improve the quality of
      implementation and to make it sustainable. We may be heading to a
      point at which distributors can&#39;t integrate code until it
      satisfies accessibility criteria - for legal reasons, and that
      would place pressure (positively, by way of developer education
      and awareness, and negatively, by way of the risk of legal
      liability) on the decentralized development processes.<br>
    </p>
    <div>On 30/5/21 8:02 am, Bill Cox wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type=3D"cite">
     =20
      <div dir=3D"ltr">GNU-Linux&#39;s accessibility limitations compared t=
o
        Windows are basically baked-in, and I doubt it will change.=C2=A0 I=
t
        is no one&#39;s fault.=C2=A0 It is simply a result of distributed
        development with no central leader.=C2=A0 However, you can use NVDA
        to access Linux through a terminal window, and most of Linux&#39;s
        goodness will be accessible this way.
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>I will try to explain how I see the situation below.=C2=A0 It =
is
          certainly not the fault of anyone working on Orca, or any a11y
          developer at all.=C2=A0 It is just life in the land of distribute=
d
          open source projects.</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>TL;DR</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Janky a11y on Linux is not the fault of the various a11y
          developers, who genuinely care about the needs of blind folks,
          and IMO do a great job with very limited resources.=C2=A0 The
          problems are baked into GNU-Linux in various ways.=C2=A0 One way =
to
          look at this is that Microsoft is like the military, with a
          top commander issuing orders, which are followed by everyone,
          while Linux is more like a slime mold,=C2=A0with no central nervo=
us
          system.=C2=A0 There is good and bad with both approaches, and
          unfortunately, a11y support will generally be better in a
          military-style run organization, assuming that the top leaders
          have made a11y a priority.<br>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>Bill Gates mandated that accessibility was a top
            priority, and attended accessibility meetings personally.=C2=A0
            That is why Windows is as accessible as it is.=C2=A0 Ubuntu is =
an
            open source project, and it is simply not possible to force
            every developer to get onboard.=C2=A0 IIUC, Steve Jobs did not
            care about a11y, which is why Apple had non-accessible
            products for so long, and IIUC, Tim Cook does care, and was
            able to force Apple to embrace a11y.=C2=A0 With Linux, we have
            various leaders who do care, and some who don&#39;t.=C2=A0 The =
result
            is that a11y on Linux is janky and probably always will be.
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>There are many examples I can point to.=C2=A0 For example,
              the main developer of PulseAudio=C2=A0cares about music, but
              not as much about screen reader users, which is why
              PulseAudio=C2=A0has broken a11y so many times.=C2=A0 Some dev=
s in
              the low level GTK widgets refuse to make pixmaps capable
              of having a text description, which is why the icons
              remain inaccessible=C2=A0in many desktop environments in
              Linux.=C2=A0 Gnome=C2=A0does better than any other Linux desk=
top
              environment, in my experience, but Gnome can&#39;t make
              non-accessible widgets magically accessible.=C2=A0 While in
              most cases, the goals of free software advocates are in
              line with a11y advocates, these groups tend to differ on
              support for commercial closed-source software, such as
              text-to-speech engines, which is one reason we have
              limited options in Linux.=C2=A0 I use the Voxin voice, which =
is
              the same as Eloquence, and if I were not a programmer
              capable of hacking the speech stack, I doubt I could
              consistently use it.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>A common reply to a11y advocates in the open-source
              community is that if you don&#39;t like the way it is, fix it
              yourself.=C2=A0 However, this is simply not realistic.=C2=A0 =
For
              example, I fixed the pixmap GTK class to add an accessible
              description, and attempted to merge this fix into the
              Vinux version of Linux.=C2=A0 I had to fork not just GTK, but
              all of Gnome to make this work.=C2=A0 I don&#39;t have the ti=
me to
              maintain a fork of the entire desktop just to make pixmaps
              talk.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>Another problem I&#39;ve faced personally in the
              open-source community is dealing with folks&#39; feelings.=C2=
=A0
              For example, I have an entire alternate speech stack that
              can work with Orca, but this upset some of the
              speech-dispatcher devs who do very important a11y work.=C2=A0=
 I
              tried working with them, and to their credit, they did
              incorporate one of the most important changes I have in my
              stack: they moved the code to talk to the sound system
              into speech-dispatcher proper.=C2=A0 However, I keep most of =
my
              a11y code to myself simply not to upset anyone.=C2=A0 Maybe i=
f
              I understood people&#39;s feelings better, I could contribute
              more effectively, but from my point of view, I poke a
              random weak spot of the slime mold, and the whole thing
              freaks out.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>So, I hope that long winded explanation=C2=A0helps you
              understand why Linux a11y is as janky as it is.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>Best regards,</div>
            <div>Bill</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>
              <div><br>
              </div>
              <div><br>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div class=3D"gmail_quote">
        <div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Sat, May 29, 2021 at 12:21
          PM Jason White via gnome-accessibility-list &lt;<a href=3D"mailto=
:[email protected]" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noreferrer">g=
[email protected]</a>&gt;
          wrote:<br>
        </div>
        <blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex=
;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
          On 29/5/21 4:29 am, Rynhardt Kruger via
          gnome-accessibility-list wrote:<br>
          &gt; I definitely think image recognition has improved a lot,
          both in speed<br>
          &gt; and accuracy. However, even a difference like 50
          milliseconds may be<br>
          &gt; noticeable by an experienced screen reader user,
          especially if one<br>
          &gt; uses speech at 400 words per minute or more.<br>
          <br>
          A further difficulty is that any system relying on image
          recognition <br>
          imposes the burden of errors on the user, whose ability to
          correct for <br>
          them is limited.<br>
          <br>
          Image recognition might be useful, however, in automatically
          detecting <br>
          errors in the implementation of accessibility APIs. I suppose
          that would <br>
          be a research project.<br>
          <br>
          My understanding is that the GNOME Foundation has
          accessibility plans <br>
          which include a new accessibility API in GTK 4, guidance for
          developers, <br>
          and, possibly, better tools for automatically detecting
          implementation <br>
          errors.<br>
          <br>
          I don&#39;t know whether GNOME developers also plan to fix the
          accessibility <br>
          API and keyboard navigation of their own applications during
          the <br>
          transition to GTK 4. Some proprietary operating system
          developers have <br>
          been relatively successful in setting an accessibility policy
          for their <br>
          software and implementing it reasonably consistently (e.g.,
          Apple and <br>
          Microsoft in recent years). So there are precedents that GNOME
          could <br>
          surpass, given suitable project governance, developer
          education, and <br>
          associated commitment of time and expertise. The GTK 4
          initiative is an <br>
          encouraging start.<br>
          <br>
          <br>
          _______________________________________________<br>
          gnome-accessibility-list mailing list<br>
          <a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" target=3D"_=
blank" rel=3D"noreferrer">[email protected]</a><br>
          <a href=3D"https://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/gnome-accessib=
ility-list" rel=3D"noreferrer noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://mail.gn=
ome.org/mailman/listinfo/gnome-accessibility-list</a><br>
        </blockquote>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
  </div>

</blockquote></div>

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