[binutils-gdb] elf/x86: Place code after read-only data for --rosegment

https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=99600a4787910d4b1994b243473a7386dbee641d

commit 99600a4787910d4b1994b243473a7386dbee641d
Author: H.J. Lu <[email protected]>
Date:   Wed Mar 18 12:13:26 2026 -0700

    elf/x86: Place code after read-only data for --rosegment
    
    commit e8e10743f7b207b21a1efb0cc9e42487080db013
    Author: Nick Clifton <[email protected]>
    Date:   Thu Jun 13 15:10:15 2024 +0100
    
        Add --rosegment option to BFD linker to stop the '-z separate-code' from gen erating two read-only segments.
    
    added --rosegment option to generate one read-only segment with
    -z separate-code.  But it puts the read-only data, which contains ELF
    headers and .note.gnu.build-id section, in the executable segment:
    
    Program Headers:
      Type           Offset   VirtAddr   PhysAddr   FileSiz MemSiz  Flg Align
      LOAD           0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00185 0x00185 R E 0x1000
      LOAD           0x001000 0x00001000 0x00001000 0x000d0 0x000d0 R   0x1000
      LOAD           0x001f78 0x00002f78 0x00002f78 0x0008c 0x0008c RW  0x1000
      DYNAMIC        0x001f78 0x00002f78 0x00002f78 0x00070 0x00070 RW  0x4
      NOTE           0x000154 0x00000154 0x00000154 0x00024 0x00024 R   0x4
      NOTE           0x00109c 0x0000109c 0x0000109c 0x00034 0x00034 R   0x4
      GNU_PROPERTY   0x00109c 0x0000109c 0x0000109c 0x00034 0x00034 R   0x4
      GNU_STACK      0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW  0x10
      GNU_RELRO      0x001f78 0x00002f78 0x00002f78 0x00088 0x00088 R   0x1
    
     Section to Segment mapping:
      Segment Sections...
       00     .note.gnu.build-id .text
       01     .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .rela.dyn .rodata .eh_frame .note.gnu.property
       02     .dynamic .got.plt .data
       03     .dynamic
       04     .note.gnu.build-id
       05     .note.gnu.property
       06     .note.gnu.property
       07
       08     .dynamic .got.plt
    
    which defeats the purpose of -z separate-code.  Update --rosegment to
    place code after read-only data:
    
    Program Headers:
      Type           Offset   VirtAddr   PhysAddr   FileSiz MemSiz  Flg Align
      LOAD           0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00248 0x00248 R   0x1000
      LOAD           0x001000 0x00001000 0x00001000 0x00005 0x00005 R E 0x1000
      LOAD           0x001f78 0x00002f78 0x00002f78 0x0008c 0x0008c RW  0x1000
      DYNAMIC        0x001f78 0x00002f78 0x00002f78 0x00070 0x00070 RW  0x4
      NOTE           0x000154 0x00000154 0x00000154 0x00024 0x00024 R   0x4
      NOTE           0x000214 0x00000214 0x00000214 0x00034 0x00034 R   0x4
      GNU_PROPERTY   0x000214 0x00000214 0x00000214 0x00034 0x00034 R   0x4
      GNU_STACK      0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW  0x10
      GNU_RELRO      0x001f78 0x00002f78 0x00002f78 0x00088 0x00088 R   0x1
    
     Section to Segment mapping:
      Segment Sections...
       00     .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .rela.dyn .rodata .eh_frame .note.gnu.property
       01     .text
       02     .dynamic .got.plt .data
       03     .dynamic
       04     .note.gnu.build-id
       05     .note.gnu.property
       06     .note.gnu.property
       07
       08     .dynamic .got.plt
    
            PR ld/23704
            PR ld/30907
            PR ld/32191
            PR ld/34003
            * emulparams/elf32_x86_64.sh (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): New.
            * emulparams/elf_i386.sh (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): Likewise.
            * emulparams/elf_i386_be.sh (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): Likewise.
            * emulparams/elf_i386_vxworks.sh (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): Likewise.
            * emulparams/elf_iamcu.sh (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): Likewise.
            * emulparams/elf_x86_64.sh (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): Likewise.
            * scripttempl/elf.sc (ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO): New.  If set, place
            code after read-only data for -z separate-code --rosegment.
            * testsuite/ld-elf/pr30907-2.d: Skip x86 targets.
            * testsuite/ld-elf/pr34003.d: New file.
            * testsuite/ld-i386/pr32191.d: Updated.
            * testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191-x32.d: Likewise.
            * testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191.d: Likewise.
    
    Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <[email protected]>

Diff:
---
 ld/emulparams/elf32_x86_64.sh        |  1 +
 ld/emulparams/elf_i386.sh            |  1 +
 ld/emulparams/elf_i386_be.sh         |  1 +
 ld/emulparams/elf_i386_vxworks.sh    |  1 +
 ld/emulparams/elf_iamcu.sh           |  1 +
 ld/emulparams/elf_x86_64.sh          |  1 +
 ld/scripttempl/elf.sc                | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr30907-2.d      |  1 +
 ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr34003.d        | 13 ++++++++++++
 ld/testsuite/ld-i386/pr32191.d       |  4 +++-
 ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191-x32.d |  4 +++-
 ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191.d     |  4 +++-
 12 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/ld/emulparams/elf32_x86_64.sh b/ld/emulparams/elf32_x86_64.sh
index 8a07f50e47f..256ae31ed24 100644
--- a/ld/emulparams/elf32_x86_64.sh
+++ b/ld/emulparams/elf32_x86_64.sh
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ OTHER_PLT_SECTIONS="
 "
 OTHER_GOT_RELOC_SECTIONS="
   .rela.tls	${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.rela.tls) }"
+ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO=yes
 
 if [ "x${host}" = "x${target}" ]; then
   case " $EMULATION_LIBPATH " in
diff --git a/ld/emulparams/elf_i386.sh b/ld/emulparams/elf_i386.sh
index 12d71f5ef9e..d093afb9fa3 100644
--- a/ld/emulparams/elf_i386.sh
+++ b/ld/emulparams/elf_i386.sh
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ OTHER_PLT_SECTIONS="
 "
 OTHER_GOT_RELOC_SECTIONS="
   .rel.tls	${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.rel.tls) }"
+ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO=yes
 
 # Linux modify the default library search path to first include
 # a 32-bit specific directory.
diff --git a/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_be.sh b/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_be.sh
index dbe68e99e63..e13d07dec23 100644
--- a/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_be.sh
+++ b/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_be.sh
@@ -13,3 +13,4 @@ TEMPLATE_NAME=elf
 EXTRA_EM_FILE="elf-x86"
 GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT=yes
 NO_SMALL_DATA=yes
+ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO=yes
diff --git a/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_vxworks.sh b/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_vxworks.sh
index 40c809263d1..347842909aa 100644
--- a/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_vxworks.sh
+++ b/ld/emulparams/elf_i386_vxworks.sh
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ EXTRA_EM_FILE="elf-x86"
 GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT=yes
 GENERATE_PIE_SCRIPT=yes
 NO_SMALL_DATA=yes
+ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO=yes
 source_sh ${srcdir}/emulparams/vxworks.sh
 source_sh ${srcdir}/emulparams/extern_protected_data.sh
 source_sh ${srcdir}/emulparams/dynamic_undefined_weak.sh
diff --git a/ld/emulparams/elf_iamcu.sh b/ld/emulparams/elf_iamcu.sh
index c1582235eda..7377ddee350 100644
--- a/ld/emulparams/elf_iamcu.sh
+++ b/ld/emulparams/elf_iamcu.sh
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ IREL_IN_PLT=
 OTHER_PLT_SECTIONS="
 .plt.got      ${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.plt.got) }
 "
+ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO=yes
 
 # Linux modify the default library search path to first include
 # a 32-bit specific directory.
diff --git a/ld/emulparams/elf_x86_64.sh b/ld/emulparams/elf_x86_64.sh
index 747114bc4b4..63e2419184c 100644
--- a/ld/emulparams/elf_x86_64.sh
+++ b/ld/emulparams/elf_x86_64.sh
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ OTHER_PLT_SECTIONS="
 "
 OTHER_GOT_RELOC_SECTIONS="
   .rela.tls	${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.rela.tls) }"
+ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO=yes
 
 if [ "x${host}" = "x${target}" ]; then
   case " $EMULATION_LIBPATH " in
diff --git a/ld/scripttempl/elf.sc b/ld/scripttempl/elf.sc
index 8a0efc02c86..2ded3fa3ddd 100644
--- a/ld/scripttempl/elf.sc
+++ b/ld/scripttempl/elf.sc
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@
 #               applied to every symbol definition
 #       ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO - put all code sections before read-only
 #               sections
+#       ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO - put all code sections after read-only
+#               sections
 #
 # When adding sections, do note that the names of some sections are used
 # when specifying the start address of the next.
@@ -360,7 +362,11 @@ SHLIB_TEXT_START_ADDR="SEGMENT_START(\"text-segment\", ${SHLIB_TEXT_START_ADDR:-
 if test -z "$TINY_READONLY_SECTION"; then
   case "$LD_FLAG" in
     *ro*textonly*)
-      ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO=" "
+      if test -n "${ALL_TEXT_AFTER_RO}"; then
+        TEXT_AFTER_RO=" "
+      else
+        ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO=" "
+      fi
       SEPARATE_TEXT=" "
       TEXT_SEGMENT_ALIGN=". = ALIGN(${MAXPAGESIZE});"
       ;;
@@ -1021,7 +1027,7 @@ EOF
 
   #------Early Read Only Data -----------------------------------------------
 
-  if test -z "${ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO}"; then
+  if test -n "${TEXT_AFTER_RO}" || test -z "${ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO}"; then
     # We are allowed to put R/O sections before code sections.
     # Doing so either puts read only data into the code segment, if the data
     # and code sections are contiguous, or creates a data segment followed by
@@ -1033,6 +1039,7 @@ EOF
 
     test -n "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_early_ro
     test -n "${NON_ALLOC_DYN}${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_dyn
+    test -z "${TEXT_AFTER_RO}" || emit_rodata
 
     # We only need the alignment if we have emitted some sections.
     if test -z "${SEPARATE_CODE}"; then
@@ -1058,24 +1065,26 @@ EOF
 
   align_text
 
-  #------Read Only Data -----------------------------------------------------
+  if test -z "${TEXT_AFTER_RO}"; then
+    #------Read Only Data ------------------------------------------------
 
-  align_rodata
+    align_rodata
 
-  # If we have not already emitted the early read only data sections then do
-  # so now.  Also if the dynamic section has not already been emitted and we
-  # can put it into the data segment, then do that here as well.
+    # If we have not already emitted the early read only data sections then do
+    # so now.  Also if the dynamic section has not already been emitted and we
+    # can put it into the data segment, then do that here as well.
 
-  if test -n "${ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO}"; then
-    test -n "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_early_ro
-    test -n "${NON_ALLOC_DYN}${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_dyn
-  fi
-  test -z "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_early_ro
-  test -z "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_dyn
+    if test -n "${ALL_TEXT_BEFORE_RO}"; then
+      test -n "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_early_ro
+      test -n "${NON_ALLOC_DYN}${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_dyn
+    fi
+    test -z "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_early_ro
+    test -z "${SEPARATE_CODE}" || emit_dyn
 
-  # Now emit the rest of the read only data.
+    # Now emit the rest of the read only data.
 
-  emit_rodata
+    emit_rodata
+  fi
 
   #------Read Write Data ----------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr30907-2.d b/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr30907-2.d
index fed957e760e..f6254d3ab25 100644
--- a/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr30907-2.d
+++ b/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr30907-2.d
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #source: pr22393-1.s
 #ld: -shared -z separate-code -z relro --rosegment
 #readelf: -l --wide
+#notarget: i?86-*-* x86_64-*-*
 #target: *-*-linux-gnu *-*-gnu* arm*-*-uclinuxfdpiceabi
 #xfail: ![check_shared_lib_support] 
 #xfail: ![check_relro_support]
diff --git a/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr34003.d b/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr34003.d
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e04914e647
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ld/testsuite/ld-elf/pr34003.d
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#name: --rosegment (has at least one R, one RX and one RW segments)
+#source: pr22393-1.s
+#ld: -shared -z separate-code -z relro --rosegment
+#readelf: -l --wide
+#target: i?86-*-* x86_64-*-*
+
+#...
+[ ]+LOAD[ 	]+0x[0-9a-f x]+R[ ]+0x.*
+#...
+[ ]+LOAD[ 	]+0x[0-9a-f x]+R E[ ]+0x.*
+#...
+[ ]+LOAD[ 	]+0x[0-9a-f x]+RW[ ]+0x.*
+#...
diff --git a/ld/testsuite/ld-i386/pr32191.d b/ld/testsuite/ld-i386/pr32191.d
index 8d7838a1311..5558da1b0b8 100644
--- a/ld/testsuite/ld-i386/pr32191.d
+++ b/ld/testsuite/ld-i386/pr32191.d
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #readelf: -lW
 
 #...
- +[0-9]+ +\.note\.gnu\.build-id \.text 
+ +[0-9]+ +\.note\.gnu\.build-id .*
+ +[0-9]+ +\.text 
+#...
  +[0-9]+ +\..* \.note\.gnu\.property .*
 #pass
diff --git a/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191-x32.d b/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191-x32.d
index 19e06a26c11..b574e05f6c9 100644
--- a/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191-x32.d
+++ b/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191-x32.d
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #readelf: -lW
 
 #...
- +[0-9]+ +\.note\.gnu\.build-id \.text 
+ +[0-9]+ +\.note\.gnu\.build-id .*
+ +[0-9]+ +\.text 
+#...
  +[0-9]+ +\..* \.note\.gnu\.property .*
 #pass
diff --git a/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191.d b/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191.d
index 9038ccd9b35..2a0c0339165 100644
--- a/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191.d
+++ b/ld/testsuite/ld-x86-64/pr32191.d
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #readelf: -lW
 
 #...
- +[0-9]+ +\.note\.gnu\.build-id \.text 
+ +[0-9]+ +\.note\.gnu\.build-id .*
+ +[0-9]+ +\.text 
+#...
  +[0-9]+ +\..* \.note\.gnu\.property .*
 #pass