[ruby-core:96338] [Ruby master Feature#16435] Array#to_proc

Issue #16435 has been reported by zverok (Victor Shepelev).

----------------------------------------
Feature #16435: Array#to_proc
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16435

* Author: zverok (Victor Shepelev)
* Status: Open
* Priority: Normal
* Assignee: 
* Target version: 
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The idea is obvious, but I couldn't find it discussed anywhere on tracker before. Please point me at the previous discussions if any.

```ruby
class Array
  def to_proc
    proc { |v| v.dig(*self) }
  end
end
# Or, alternatively, see about alternatives at the end of proposal:
class Array
  def to_proc
    proc { |v| v[*self] }
  end
end

```
The implementation seems to provide clean and unambiguous collections indexing in Enumerators:
```ruby
# Basic objects data, which could be obtained from JSON, CSV, Database...
data = [
  {name: 'John', department: {id: 1, title: 'Engineering'}, salary: 1000}, 
  {name: 'Jane', department: {id: 1, title: 'Engineering'}, salary: 1200},
  {name: 'Boris', department: {id: 2, title: 'Accounting'}, salary: 800},
  {name: 'Alice', department: {id: 3, title: 'Management'}, salary: 1500}
]
data.map(&[:name])
# => ["John", "Jane", "Boris", "Alice"] 
data.min_by(&[:salary])
# => {:name=>"Boris", :department=>{:id=>2, :title=>"Accounting"}, :salary=>800} 
pp data.group_by(&[:department, :title])
# {"Engineering"=>
#   [{:name=>"John",
#     :department=>{:id=>1, :title=>"Engineering"},
#     :salary=>1000},
#    {:name=>"Jane",
#     :department=>{:id=>1, :title=>"Engineering"},
#     :salary=>1200}],
#  "Accounting"=>
#   [{:name=>"Boris",
#     :department=>{:id=>2, :title=>"Accounting"},
#     :salary=>800}],
#  "Management"=>
#   [{:name=>"Alice",
#     :department=>{:id=>3, :title=>"Management"},
#     :salary=>1500}]}

# Works with arrays, too:
data.map(&:values).map(&[0])
# => ["John", "Jane", "Boris", "Alice"]

# And with mixes:
data.group_by(&[:department, :title]).values.map(&[0, :name]) 
# => ["John", "Boris", "Alice"]
```

Naked structured data seems to be a common enough thing to make working with them easier.

Some prior info:

* Googling it around, I found the idea was first invented [back in 2014](https://thepugautomatic.com/2014/11/array-to-proc-for-hash-access/), and another one [in 2015](https://gist.github.com/geowy/39fde25ec2966f90a54b), not sure if it was proposed on the tracker.
* Other proposals for `Array#to_proc` was: to call several methods in sequence [1](http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/cgi-bin/scat.rb/ruby/ruby-talk/199820), [2](https://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/1253-arrayto_proc), and to call method with argument [1](https://www.sanityinc.com/articles/adding-array-to-proc-to-ruby/), [2](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10829), [3](https://www.rubydoc.info/github/estum/console_utils/Array:to_proc), to call several methods in parallel: [1](https://gist.github.com/shell/1120249)

Honestly, I feel that proposed usage is the most frequently needed.

Also, the readability of the version seems more or less straightforward:

```ruby
# Existing shortcut, for example:
data.map(&:keys)
# Is equivalent to
data.map { |x| x.keys }
#          ^^^^^ -- "just remove this part"

# Proposed shortcut:
data.map(&[:name])
# Is equivalent to
data.map { |x| x[:name] }
#          ^^^^^ -- "just remove this part"
```

**`dig` or `[]` alternative implementations**

It is up to discussion (if the whole idea holds water) whether `dig` should be used or just `[]`. The `dig` version is convenient for nested structures but slightly breaks "equivalency" shown above, and just `[]` version will allow this:
```ruby
data.map(&:values).map(&[1..-1])
# => [[{:id=>1, :title=>"Engineering"}, 1000], [{:id=>1, :title=>"Engineering"}, 1200], [{:id=>2, :title=>"Accounting"}, 800], [{:id=>3, :title=>"Management"}, 1500]]
```

Maybe, for the sake of explainability, "just `[]`" should be preferred, with digging performed by other means.



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