Re: Draft for discussion: Project Tick General Public License v2.0 (only)
"M.samet Duman via License-discuss" <[email protected]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 17:07:34 +0300
| Newsgroups | gmane.comp.licenses.open-source.general |
|---|---|
| Message-ID | <[email protected]> |
--===============6661784037004456504== Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Apple-Mail=_546E61D7-EEBC-4F1A-BF59-B0B58C4880E7" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit --Apple-Mail=_546E61D7-EEBC-4F1A-BF59-B0B58C4880E7 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Hello Bruce, =20 Hello all, Thank you for the guidance. I understand the concern about review scope = and time investment. Based strictly on the current PT-GPL v2 text, below are five specific = areas where the license is intended to diverge from existing copyleft = licenses. For each point, I have included only the relevant operative = language, followed by a short statement of intent. --- 1. Explicit opt-in for network-based source obligations Relevant text: > This License does not require network-based source disclosure =20 > unless the copyright holder has expressly chosen to enable such =20 > obligations by an Explicit Network Use Notice. > =E2=80=9CExplicit Network Use Notice=E2=80=9D means a clear and = prominent notice =20 > placed by the copyright holder stating that operation of the Work =20 > through a computer network shall be treated as conveying for the =20 > purposes of source availability. Intent: =20 Unlike AGPL-style copyleft, network-based obligations are not automatic. = The copyright holder explicitly decides whether network operation should = trigger source availability. --- 2. Network operation triggers source availability only, not full = conveyance Relevant text: > Such operation may be treated as conveyance solely for the purpose =20 > of triggering the source availability obligations expressly set forth =20= > in this License, where an Explicit Network Use Notice applies. > This License does not require disclosure of unrelated systems, =20 > independent services, or proprietary infrastructure that are not =20 > derived from the covered Work itself. Intent: =20 This deliberately limits the legal effect of network use, avoiding = spillover into unrelated systems or services. --- 3. Service-aware definition of Corresponding Resource Relevant text: > Corresponding Resource means all Source Code required to generate, =20 > install, run, and modify the Work, including build scripts, interface =20= > definitions, and supporting code specifically designed for or tightly =20= > coupled to the Work. > Corresponding Resource includes only those configuration or = integration =20 > components that are specifically written to make the covered Work =20 > function as a network-accessible service, and does not include general = =20 > infrastructure or unrelated systems. Intent: =20 This explicitly includes service glue and deployment-specific code, = while drawing a clear boundary around general infrastructure. --- 4. Anti-gatekeeping and equal-access requirements Relevant text: > Any technical, contractual, procedural, or policy-based measure that =20= > has the effect of discouraging, delaying, conditioning, or preventing =20= > access to the Corresponding Resource constitutes a failure to comply =20= > with the requirements of this License. > Availability shall not be conditioned on exclusive agreements, =20 > non-disclosure obligations, account registration, payment, or =20 > acceptance of terms inconsistent with this License. Intent: =20 This addresses modern access barriers common in hosted and SaaS-style = distribution models that are not explicitly handled in GPL. --- 5. Managed platforms and technological measures Relevant text: > The obligations created by this License arise exclusively from its =20 > operative provisions and are independent of such external constraints. > Technical mechanisms =E2=80=A6 are permitted provided that such = mechanisms =20 > do not prevent recipients from accessing, modifying, or conveying =20 > the Corresponding Resource of the covered Work under the terms of =20 > this License. Intent: =20 This generalizes anti-tivoization principles to managed and = platform-controlled environments, without prohibiting legitimate = security mechanisms. --- If this format is useful, I can extract additional points in the same = way for further discussion. Thank you for taking the time to review this. Best regards, =20 Mehmet Samet Duman =20 Author of Project Tick > Bruce Perens <[email protected]> =C5=9Funlar=C4=B1 yazd=C4=B1 (22 Oca = 2026 06:14): >=20 >=20 > I would like you to extract the relevant text for each of the 5 points = you'd like feedback upon, and present the relevant and innovative text, = only, with each point. I think this would be a manageable chunk that = people could look at and comment upon without taking a large part of = their day. I don't represent anyone but me, but given the dearth of = other participation so far, I am assuming that other folks would like = that too. >=20 > Thanks >=20 > Bruce >=20 > On Wed, Jan 21, 2026 at 3:56=E2=80=AFPM M.samet Duman = <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> = wrote: >> Hello Bruce, =20 >> Hello all, >>=20 >> Thank you for the feedback. Based on it, I am sharing a revised draft = of the Project Tick General Public License v2. >>=20 >> To avoid unnecessary review burden, I want to be explicit about what = feedback I am asking for and what I am not: >>=20 >> - I am aware of the concern regarding GPL text derivation; this draft = does not >> assert originality of expression and is presented solely to discuss >> behavioral differences, not to request approval of a new GPL = variant. >> - I am not asking for a line-by-line legal review of the entire text. >> - I am not claiming originality of wording relative to GPL text. >> - I am asking whether the specific behavioral mechanisms described = below are >> useful, redundant, or problematic from an Open Source Definition = perspective. >>=20 >> In particular, feedback is requested only on these points: >>=20 >> - Explicit opt-in treatment of network-based source obligations =20 >> - Separation of operation from conveyance as legal concepts =20 >> - Narrow, explicit definition of Corresponding Resource for service = deployment =20 >> - Clear fencing of all explanatory material as non-normative =20 >> - Absence of any ecosystem-level interpretive or compatibility = authority >>=20 >> The full draft is included below the signature for reference only, = since the license has not yet been published elsewhere. No approval is = requested at this stage. >>=20 >> If it would be preferable, I am happy to extract and discuss only = individual clauses in follow-up. >>=20 >> Thank you again for the candid feedback and time. >>=20 >> Best regards, =20 >> Mehmet Samet Duman =20 >> Author of Project Tick >>=20 >> = =E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2= =80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80= =93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93= =E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2= =80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80= =93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93= =E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2= =80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80= =93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93 >> Below is the current draft of the Project Tick General Public = License, >> Version 2. This text is provided for reference and discussion only = and is not yet >> finalized or published. >>=20 >> PROJECT TICK GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE >> Version 2, 2 February 2026 >>=20 >> Copyright (C) 2026 Project Tick <https://projecttick.org/> >> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies >> of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. >> This is the canonical text of the Project Tick General Public >> License, Version 2. Works licensed under this text are governed >> exclusively by Version 2 of the License, unless the applicable >> copyright holder explicitly authorizes the use of another version. >>=20 >> Preamble >>=20 >> The Project Tick General Public License is a copyright-based copyleft >> license intended for software programs, as designated by the = applicable >> copyright holder. Unless expressly stated otherwise, this License >> applies to the Work solely in its capacity as software. >>=20 >> This License is designed to ensure that recipients of a covered Work >> can effectively access, study, modify, and share that Work, without >> being subjected to restrictions that undermine the practical exercise >> of those rights. >>=20 >> By applying this License, a copyright holder authorizes recipients to >> use, modify, and convey the Work under a consistent set of = conditions. >> Any party that conveys a covered Work must do so in a manner that >> preserves the same rights and obligations for all downstream = recipients. >>=20 >> This License places particular emphasis on the availability of the >> Work in forms suitable for modification and reuse. Where a covered = Work >> is conveyed together with its preferred form for modification, access >> to that form must be provided in a manner consistent with this = License. >> A copy of this License must accompany all conveyances of the Work. >>=20 >> The License also defines the scope of permitted use, modification, = and >> conveyance in a clear and predictable manner, while disclaiming >> warranties for the Work. Unless the copyright holder explicitly = states >> otherwise, this License does not impose any obligation to distribute >> future versions of a Work under the same terms. >>=20 >> Some devices or deployment environments may impose technical or = design >> constraints that affect the execution of modified versions of a Work. >> The obligations created by this License arise exclusively from its >> operative provisions and are independent of such external = constraints. >>=20 >> Each contributor to a covered Work grants a non-exclusive, worldwide, >> royalty-free patent license limited to what is necessary to exercise >> the rights granted under this License with respect to that = contributor=E2=80=99s >> contributions. >>=20 >> This License preserves the core freedoms and obligations commonly >> associated with established copyleft licenses, while explicitly >> extending those principles to network-based operation, managed >> deployment environments, and service-oriented use cases that are >> not consistently addressed by traditional distribution-focused = models. >>=20 >> In practical terms, this License is intended to be understandable >> and usable by individual developers, small teams, and community >> projects, not only by legal experts. It does not require permission >> to use or study the Work, and it does not restrict private, >> experimental, or non-public use. Its obligations apply only when >> the Work is shared with others or used to provide its functionality >> to the public. >>=20 >> This License does not require network-based source disclosure >> unless the copyright holder has expressly chosen to enable such >> obligations by an Explicit Network Use Notice. >>=20 >> The binding terms governing use, modification, and conveyance of >> covered Works are set forth below. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> ------------------------ TERMS AND CONDITIONS = ----------------------------- >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> ------------------ PART I =E2=80=94 CORE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS = ------------------- >> The provisions of this Part define the essential permissions, = conditions, - >> and obligations of this License. Compliance with this Part is = mandatory for >> any use, modification, operation, or conveyance of a covered Work. = -------- >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> I. Definitions. >>=20 >> "This License" refers to the Project Tick General Public License, >> Version 2. >>=20 >> "Compatible License" means a license that is compatible with this >> License under applicable copyright law, without imposing additional >> restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted under this = License. >>=20 >> "Copyright" refers to laws similar to copyright that apply to other >> types of Works, such as semiconductor chips. >>=20 >> "Work" means a software program licensed under this License. >> Each licensee is referred to as "you". 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Mere interaction with >> a user through a computer network, without the transfer of a copy, >> does not by itself constitute conveying. >>=20 >> "Explicit Network Use Notice" means a clear and prominent notice >> placed by the copyright holder stating that operation of the Work >> through a computer network shall be treated as conveying for the >> purposes of source availability. >>=20 >> To "operate" a Work means to run, deploy, or make functional use >> of the Work for the primary purpose of providing its functionality >> or output to third parties as a service or system, whether directly >> or indirectly, including through a computer network, where such = parties >> are not under the direct control of the operator. >>=20 >> A "Library Work" is a Work that is designed to provide reusable >> functionality intended to be linked, imported, or otherwise combined >> with other independent Works, without, by its nature, forming a = single >> Combined Work merely by being present. >>=20 >> "User Product" means (1) any tangible personal property which is >> normally used for personal, family, or domestic purposes, and (2) >> anything designed or sold for incorporation into a dwelling. 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For a Work conveyed in object code or other non-source = form, >> "Corresponding Resource" means all Source Code required to generate, >> install, run, and modify the Work, including build scripts, interface >> definitions, and supporting code specifically designed for or tightly >> coupled to the Work. The Corresponding Resource does not include = System >> Libraries, general-purpose development tools, or third-party = components >> that are not derived from the Work and are not required for its = modification >> or the exercise of rights granted under this License. Any portion of = the Work >> that is licensed under this License must remain licensed under this = License. >> This License does not require relicensing of independent third-party = components. >> For a Work conveyed in Source Code form, the Source Code itself = constitutes the >> Corresponding Resource. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> III. Transmission of Modified Source Versions. >>=20 >> You may convey a Work based on the Work, or modifications derived = from >> the Work, in Source Code form under the terms of Section 5, provided >> that you also comply with all of the following conditions: >>=20 >> a) The modified Work must contain prominent notices stating that = you >> have modified it, together with the date of each such = modification. >>=20 >> b) The modified Work must contain clear notices stating that it is >> licensed under this License, together with any applicable = additional >> permissions expressly permitted under this License. Such notices = may >> replace or update existing notices to accurately reflect the = modified >> status of the Work. >>=20 >> c) You must license the modified Work, as a whole, under this = License >> to any recipient who receives a copy of it. This License, and = any >> applicable additional permissions permitted by it, shall = therefore >> apply to the modified Work and all of its parts, regardless of = how they >> are packaged or distributed. >>=20 >> This License does not permit relicensing of the modified Work under >> different terms. However, this provision does not invalidate = permissions >> that you may have obtained separately and independently from the >> copyright holders of portions of the Work. >>=20 >> d) If the modified Work includes interactive user interfaces, such >> interfaces must display Appropriate Legal Notices, unless the = original >> Work did not include such notices and the nature of the = interface makes >> their display impractical or unreasonable. >>=20 >> e) If the modified Work is a Library Work, the Library Work itself = must >> remain licensed under this License. Linking, importing, or = otherwise >> using a Library Work in combination with other independent Works = does >> not remove or alter the obligations imposed by this License on = the >> Library Work itself, nor does it grant permission to relicense = the >> Library Work under different terms. >>=20 >> A compilation of a covered Work with other separate and independent >> Works that are not, by their nature, extensions of the covered Work = and >> that are not combined with it to form a single unified Work is = referred >> to as an "aggregate". The inclusion of a covered Work in an aggregate >> does not cause this License to apply to the other Works in the = aggregate, >> provided that the compilation and its conveyance do not impose >> additional restrictions on the rights granted under this License with >> respect to the covered Work. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> IV. Transmission of Non-Source Formats. >>=20 >> For the purposes of this Section, "Network Interaction" means = operation >> of a Work through a computer network primarily for the purpose of >> providing its functionality or output to third parties, regardless of >> whether a copy of the Work is transferred. >>=20 >> This provision is not intended to discourage legitimate service >> deployment, experimentation, or community-hosted use of covered >> Works. Its purpose is solely to ensure that recipients interacting >> with a covered Work through a network are afforded the same practical >> freedoms to access, study, and modify the Work as recipients who >> receive copies through traditional distribution. >>=20 >> In particular, this License does not require disclosure of unrelated >> systems, independent services, or proprietary infrastructure that >> are not derived from the covered Work itself. >>=20 >> Operating a covered Work through Network Interaction primarily for = the >> purpose of providing its functionality or output to the public may be >> treated as conveying the Work where the copyright holder has = expressly >> required such treatment by an explicit notice solely for the purposes >> of triggering the source availability obligations set forth in this >> License. This does not include internal, private, testing, = development, >> or incidental uses that do not primarily provide the Work=E2=80=99s = functionality >> to the public. In accordance with Sections 4 and 5, you may convey a >> covered Work in object code or other non-source form, provided that = the >> Corresponding Resource of the Work is made available under the terms = of >> this License in a machine-readable form. The Corresponding Resource = must >> be made available in a manner that is no less accessible, timely, and = usable >> than the object code itself. >>=20 >> a) You may convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical >> product (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied = by >> the Corresponding Resource fixed on a durable physical medium >> customarily used for software exchange. >>=20 >> b) You may convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical >> product (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied = by a >> written offer, valid for at least three years and for as long as = you >> offer spare parts, updates, or customer support for that product >> model, to provide any recipient with either: >>=20 >> (1) a copy of the Corresponding Resource for all covered Works = in >> the product, on a durable physical medium customarily used = for >> software exchange, for a price no higher than the = reasonable >> cost of physically performing this transmission; or >>=20 >> (2) immediate and unrestricted access to copy the = Corresponding >> Resource through any reasonable and publicly accessible = means. >>=20 >> The refusal or non-acceptance of such a written offer by any = recipient >> does not relieve you of the obligation to ensure that the >> Corresponding Resource remains publicly available under this License >> for the duration required by this Section. >>=20 >> c) You may convey individual copies of the object code together = with a >> copy of the written offer described in subsection (b), but only >> occasionally, for non-commercial purposes, and only if you = received >> the object code accompanied by such an offer. >>=20 >> d) You may convey the object code by offering access from a = designated >> location, free of charge or for a fee, provided that equivalent = access >> to the Corresponding Resource is offered in the same manner, = without >> delay, additional conditions, or practical barriers. If the = object >> code is offered from a network server, the Corresponding = Resource may >> be hosted on a different server operated by you or by a third = party, >> provided that clear, prominent, and persistent instructions are = given >> alongside the object code indicating where and how the = Corresponding >> Resource may be obtained. >>=20 >> Any technical, contractual, procedural, or policy-based measure that >> has the effect of discouraging, delaying, conditioning, or preventing >> access to the Corresponding Resource constitutes a failure to comply >> with the requirements of this License. >>=20 >> e) You may convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, >> provided that you clearly inform all peers where the object code = and >> the Corresponding Resource are being offered to the general = public, >> free of charge, under the terms of this License. >>=20 >> A separable portion of the object code whose source is excluded from >> the Corresponding Resource as a System Library need not be included = in >> the transmission of the object code. If you convey an object code = Work >> under this Section in, with, or specifically for use in a User = Product, >> and the conveyance occurs as part of a transaction transferring the = right >> of possession or use of the User Product to the recipient, the = Corresponding >> Resource must be accompanied by the Installation Information. This = requirement >> does not apply if neither you nor any third party retains the ability = to >> install modified object code on the User Product. The Corresponding = Resource >> and any Installation Information provided under this Section must be = in a >> publicly documented format, must not impose additional restrictions = that >> materially limit the practical ability of recipients to exercise the = rights >> granted under this License to access, and must remain available for = as long >> as necessary to satisfy the requirements of this License. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> V. Termination. >>=20 >> You may not convey, or modify a covered Work except as >> expressly permitted under this License. Any attempt to do so = otherwise >> is void and shall automatically terminate your rights under this >> License. However, if you cease all violations of this License, your >> rights under this License from a particular copyright holder are >> reinstated provisionally, unless and until that copyright holder >> explicitly and finally terminates those rights. >>=20 >> Your rights are reinstated permanently if the copyright holder fails = to >> notify you of the violation by reasonable means within sixty (60) = days >> after the cessation of the violation. >>=20 >> Additionally, your rights are reinstated permanently if this is the >> first time you have received notice of a violation of this License = from >> that copyright holder, and you cure the violation within thirty (30) >> days after receiving such notice. >>=20 >> Termination of your rights under this Section does not terminate the >> licenses of any parties who have received copies of the Work, or = rights >> under this License, from you prior to such termination. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> VI. Acceptance Not Required for Possession or Use. >>=20 >> You are not required to accept this License in order to receive, >> possess, or use a copy of a covered Work. The mere act of = downloading, >> receiving, storing, or executing the Work does not constitute = acceptance >> of this License. >>=20 >> Propagation or conveyance of a covered Work that occurs solely as an >> automatic, incidental, or passive consequence of using a network, >> distribution system, or peer-to-peer transmission to receive a copy >> likewise does not require acceptance of this License. >>=20 >> However, nothing other than this License grants you permission to >> convey, or modify a covered Work. Any such actions without >> authorization under this License constitute copyright infringement. >>=20 >> By propagating, conveying, or modifying a covered Work, you indicate >> your acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions >> with respect to those actions. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> VII. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients. >>=20 >> The license granted to recipients of a covered Work arises solely by >> operation of this License and not by virtue of any separate = agreement, >> contract, or policy. >>=20 >> Each time you convey a covered Work, the recipient automatically >> receives a license directly from the original licensors to use, >> operate, study, modify, and convey that Work, subject to the terms = and >> conditions of this License. >>=20 >> You are not responsible for enforcing compliance with this License by >> third parties. >>=20 >> An "entity transaction" means a transaction that transfers control of >> an organization, transfers substantially all of its assets, = subdivides >> an organization, or merges organizations. If conveyance of a covered >> Work results from an entity transaction, each party to that = transaction >> who receives a copy of the Work also receives any licenses to the = Work >> that the predecessor in interest had or could grant under this = License, >> together with the right to receive the Corresponding Resource of the >> Work, if the predecessor possesses it or can obtain it with = reasonable >> effort. >>=20 >> You may not impose any additional legal, contractual, technical, or >> policy-based restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted or >> affirmed under this License. Any attempt to impose such further >> restrictions is void and shall not affect the rights of recipients >> under this License. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> VIII. Patents. >>=20 >> A "Contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes the use of a >> covered Work under this License. The Work so licensed is referred to >> as the Contributor=E2=80=99s "Contributor Version". >>=20 >> Each Contributor grants to every recipient of the Contributor Version >> a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free, irrevocable patent license >> under any patent claims owned or controlled by that Contributor, to >> the extent that such claims are necessarily infringed by the use, >> operation, modification, or conveyance of the Contributor Version in >> a manner permitted by this License. >>=20 >> This patent license applies only to those patent claims that are >> unavoidably infringed by exercising the rights granted under this >> License with respect to the Contributor Version. It does not extend >> to patent claims that would be infringed solely as a result of = further >> modification, combination, or use beyond the scope of the Contributor >> Version. >>=20 >> If you convey a covered Work, you may not rely on, assert, or enforce >> any patent license, agreement, covenant, or arrangement that would >> result in any recipient being denied the full exercise of the rights >> granted under this License. >>=20 >> Any patent license granted in connection with a covered Work must be >> non-discriminatory and must extend equally to all recipients of that >> Work under this License. >>=20 >> Nothing in this License shall be construed as limiting, excluding, or >> waiving any implied patent license, patent exhaustion doctrine, or >> other defenses to patent infringement that may be available under >> applicable law. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> IX. Linking and Combined Works. >>=20 >> A Library Work covered by this License may be linked, combined, or >> otherwise integrated with an independent Work, whether statically or >> dynamically, without causing this License to apply to the independent >> Work as a whole, provided that the terms of this Section are = satisfied. >>=20 >> The Library Work itself, and any modifications to it, must remain >> licensed under this License. Any party conveying a modified version = of >> the Library Work, or a Combined Work containing a modified Library = Work, >> must comply with the terms of this License with respect to the = Library >> Work. >>=20 >> You must not restrict the ability of recipients to modify the Library >> Work and to relink or otherwise use a modified version of the Library >> Work with the Combined Work. This includes providing the necessary >> source code, interface information, and build mechanisms required to >> enable such modification and relinking. >>=20 >> A Combined Work that merely links to, imports, or uses a Library Work >> through its defined interfaces shall not be required to be licensed >> under this License, provided that the Library Work remains separable >> and replaceable. >>=20 >> Mere aggregation of independent Works, or communication between >> independent Works through standard interfaces, inter-process >> communication, command-line invocation, or network protocols, does = not >> by itself cause this License to apply to such independent Works. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> X. Equal Access to Corresponding Resource. >>=20 >> Where access to a covered Work or its Corresponding Resource is = granted >> to any recipient, such access must be provided in a manner consistent >> with the requirements of this License and must not impose additional >> restrictions that materially and demonstrably impair the ability of >> recipients to exercise the rights granted herein. >>=20 >> Differences in timing, format, location, or method of access shall = not >> constitute a violation of this License unless they have the practical >> effect of preventing or significantly hindering recipients from >> understanding, modifying, or reusing the Work. >>=20 >> The Corresponding Resource must be provided in a form that is = reasonably >> usable and modifiable by a competent developer using commonly = available >> tools. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> XI. Protection of Contributor Rights. >>=20 >> No agreement, policy, contract, or other arrangement may = retroactively >> restrict, revoke, or nullify the rights granted to a Contributor = under >> this License with respect to their contributions. >>=20 >> Any additional agreement affecting a Contributor=E2=80=99s = contributions must >> not diminish the permissions, freedoms, or protections granted by = this >> License to that Contributor or to recipients of the covered Work. >>=20 >> If conditions are imposed upon you, whether by court order, = agreement, >> policy, or otherwise, that contradict the conditions of this License, >> such conditions do not excuse you from complying with this License. = If >> you cannot convey a covered Work in a manner that simultaneously >> satisfies your obligations under this License and any other = applicable >> obligations, then you may not convey the covered Work at all. >>=20 >> You may not impose, accept, or pass through any obligation that has = the >> effect of restricting, conditioning, or discouraging the exercise of >> the rights granted under this License by recipients of the covered = Work. >> For example, if you agree to terms that require the collection of = fees, >> royalties, or other consideration as a condition of further = conveyance, >> and such terms are incompatible with this License, you must refrain >> entirely from conveying the covered Work under those terms. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> XII. Uniform Exercise of Rights. >>=20 >> Where a covered Work is conveyed, distributed, or made available in >> object code, executable, operational, or service form, the >> Corresponding Resource for that Work must be made available under = this >> License no later than the time at which such form is first provided = to >> any recipient. >>=20 >> A difference in timing, manner, or conditions under which access to = the >> Work or its Corresponding Resource is provided shall constitute a >> violation of this License only where such difference materially and >> demonstrably prevents recipients from exercising the rights granted >> under this License. >>=20 >> Nothing in this Section shall be construed to prohibit staged = releases, >> differentiated distribution models, or varied access arrangements, >> provided that the Corresponding Resource is made available in a = manner >> consistent with the requirements of this License and without imposing >> additional restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted herein. >>=20 >> The rights granted under this License apply equally to all recipients >> and all fields of endeavor. No restriction or condition may be = imposed >> that limits the exercise of such rights based on the nature, = identity, >> or purpose of the recipient. >>=20 >> The rights granted under this License may not be negated or = restricted >> by separate agreements, policies, or contractual terms to the extent >> that such terms conflict with this License. >>=20 >> Where a covered Work is operated as part of a larger system, service, >> or deployment, the Corresponding Resource shall include only the = source >> code of the covered Work itself and any modifications thereto, and = does >> not require the disclosure of independent works or system components >> that are not derived from the covered Work. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> XIII. Disclaimer of Warranty. >>=20 >> TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE WORK IS = PROVIDED >> "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. EXCEPT WHERE OTHERWISE >> EXPRESSLY STATED IN WRITING, THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER = PARTIES >> PROVIDE THE WORK WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, = INCLUDING, >> BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS = FOR >> A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. THE ENTIRE RISK AS = TO >> THE QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, AND FUNCTIONALITY OF THE WORK IS WITH YOU. >> SHOULD THE WORK PROVE DEFECTIVE OR FAIL TO OPERATE AS EXPECTED, YOU >> ASSUME ALL COSTS OF NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR, CORRECTION, OR = REMEDIATION. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> XIV. Limitation of Liability. >>=20 >> TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL >> ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, CONTRIBUTOR, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES, >> CONVEYS, OR OTHERWISE MAKES THE WORK AVAILABLE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR >> ANY DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DIRECT, >> INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR >> PUNITIVE DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF, OR >> INABILITY TO USE, THE WORK, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF = THE >> POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> XV. Interpretation of Sections XIII and XIV. >>=20 >> If the disclaimer of warranty or limitation of liability set forth in >> Sections XIII and XIV of this License cannot be given full legal = effect >> under applicable local law, such provisions shall be enforced to the >> maximum extent permitted by that law. >>=20 >> In such cases, courts shall apply the local law in a manner that most >> closely approximates an absolute exclusion or limitation of civil >> liability in connection with the Work, consistent with the intent of >> Sections XIII and XIV, unless a warranty or assumption of liability >> accompanies a copy of the Work in return for a fee. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> -------- PART II =E2=80=94 NETWORK-BASED OPERATION AND PLATFORM = CONSTRAINTS-------- >> This Part clarifies how the core obligations of this License apply = when --- >> a covered Work is operated, deployed, or made available as part of a = ------ >> network-accessible service or managed system. THIS PART IS = NON-NORMATIVE. - >> Nothing in this Part creates additional permissions, obligations, or = ------ >> restrictions beyond those expressly set forth in Part I. = ------------------ >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> I. Design Intent and Scope (Non-Normative) >>=20 >> This License is intentionally designed to address deployment models >> and technical realities that are insufficiently covered by existing >> copyleft licenses, including but not limited to: >>=20 >> - Network-based service operation without distribution >> - Managed deployment environments and platform-controlled systems >> - Modern software supply chains involving orchestration and service = glue >>=20 >> The operative provisions of this License reflect these goals = directly. >> This explanatory section is non-normative and does not modify the = legal >> terms of the License. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> II. Authority of Interpretation. >>=20 >> The terms of this License shall be interpreted according to their >> plain meaning and intent, as expressed in the text of this License, >> and in accordance with applicable law. No person or organization may >> grant permissions, exceptions, or interpretations that purport to >> modify the terms of this License or impose additional obligations >> beyond those expressly stated herein, except by the applicable >> copyright holder with respect to their own contributions. >> Any statements, policies, guidance documents, contractual terms, >> or representations not expressly incorporated into this License >> shall have no effect on the scope, interpretation, or enforcement >> of the rights and obligations granted under this License. Nothing >> in this section limits judicial interpretation, community analysis, >> academic commentary, or non-binding explanatory materials, provided >> that such materials do not claim to alter or supersede the terms of >> this License. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> III. Protection of Users=E2=80=99 Legal Rights Against Technological = Measures. >>=20 >> No covered Work shall be considered part of an effective = technological >> measure under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty of 20 December = 1996, >> or any similar law, to the extent that such a measure is used = primarily >> to restrict or prohibit the exercise of rights granted under this = License. >>=20 >> By licensing, conveying, or otherwise applying this License to a = Work, >> you agree not to assert any legal right to prohibit or restrict the >> circumvention of technological measures where such circumvention is >> necessary to exercise the rights granted under this License. >>=20 >> This Section does not prohibit the use of technical mechanisms that = are >> designed solely to ensure system integrity, security, authenticity, = or >> reliable distribution, including but not limited to secure boot >> mechanisms, cryptographic signature verification, or platform-level >> distribution requirements, provided that such mechanisms do not = prevent >> recipients from accessing, modifying, or conveying the Corresponding >> Resource of the covered Work under the terms of this License. >>=20 >> Any technological, contractual, legal, or policy-based mechanism = that, >> in practice, conditions access to the Corresponding Resource on = payment, >> exclusive agreements, subscription status, customer classification, = or >> acceptance of terms inconsistent with this License shall be deemed a >> technological measure for the purposes of this Section. >>=20 >> Platform policies or distribution requirements that apply uniformly, >> without discrimination, and that do not restrict the availability or >> exercise of rights granted under this License shall not, by = themselves, >> constitute a violation of this Section. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> IV. Additional Terms. >>=20 >> Nothing in this License grants permission to relicense a Work in a >> manner not permitted by the terms under which that Work was = originally >> licensed. >>=20 >> "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement this License by >> granting limited exceptions to one or more of its conditions, without >> removing, weakening, or contradicting the core requirements of this >> License. >>=20 >> Additional permissions that apply to an entire Work shall be treated >> as incorporated into this License with respect to that Work, to the >> extent that they are valid under applicable law. Where additional >> permissions apply only to a specific portion of a Work, that portion >> may be used under those permissions, provided that the Work as a = whole >> remains governed by this License. >>=20 >> When conveying a Work covered by this License, you are not required = to >> propagate additional permissions that were granted by a previous >> contributor, unless such permissions are inseparable from the = material >> to which they apply. Additional permissions may also be removed when >> modifying the Work, where such removal is necessary to preserve the >> consistency or intent of this License. >>=20 >> You may place additional permissions on material added by you to a >> covered Work, provided that you have the authority to grant such >> permissions for that material. >>=20 >> Notwithstanding the other provisions of this License, additional >> permissions applicable to material added by you may include terms >> that: >>=20 >> a) disclaim warranty or limit liability for that material; >>=20 >> b) require that reasonable legal notices or author attributions be >> preserved in Appropriate Legal Notices associated with that = material; >>=20 >> c) prohibit misrepresentation of the origin of that material or = require >> that modified versions be clearly marked as such; >>=20 >> d) restrict the promotional use of the names of licensors or = authors >> of that material; >>=20 >> e) disclaim any rights under trademark law to use specific trade = names, >> trademarks, or service marks associated with that material. >>=20 >> No additional permission may impose conditions that restrict, negate, >> or circumvent the obligations of this License concerning source >> availability, copyleft requirements, network-based use, or the rights >> of recipients to use, modify, and redistribute the Work. >>=20 >> Where additional permissions apply to a Work, the applicable source >> files must include a clear notice describing those permissions or >> indicating where the full text of such permissions may be found. >>=20 >> Notwithstanding the copyleft requirements of this License, a covered >> Work may be combined, linked, or otherwise used together with a Work >> licensed under a Compatible License, provided that such >> combination does not impose additional restrictions on the covered >> Work beyond those permitted by this License. >>=20 >> A Work licensed under a Compatible License shall be >> considered, for the purposes of this License, to be = license-compatible >> with this License. Such compatibility applies solely for the purposes >> of combination, linking, and interoperability, and does not alter the >> copyleft requirements applicable to the covered Work itself. >>=20 >> The designation of a Compatible License does not grant >> permission to relicense a covered Work under that license, unless = such >> permission is expressly stated by the applicable copyright holder. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> V. Essential Permissions. >>=20 >> All rights granted under this License are granted for the full term = of >> copyright applicable to the Work and are irrevocable, provided that >> the conditions of this License are satisfied. Subject to the terms = and >> conditions of this License, you are permitted to use, operate, study, >> modify, and convey the Work. Operation of an unmodified Work for = private, >> internal, testing, development, or evaluation purposes does not, by = itself, >> impose any obligation to convey the Work or make its Corresponding = Resource >> available, except where expressly stated in this License. >>=20 >> You may convey the Work, in original or modified form, provided that >> each recipient receives the same rights and obligations under this >> License, and that no additional restrictions are imposed on the >> exercise of those rights. >>=20 >> You may engage third parties to perform activities on your behalf >> relating to the creation, modification, operation, or display of the >> Work, provided that such activities are carried out under your >> authorization and that no copies of the Work are retained, conveyed, >> or made available beyond the scope of that engagement, except as >> permitted under this License. >>=20 >> If the Work, or a modified version of the Work, is operated primarily >> for the purpose of providing its functionality or output to third >> parties through a computer network, including via hosted, remote, or >> internet-accessible services, such operation may be treated as = conveyance >> solely for the purpose of triggering the source availability = obligations >> expressly set forth in this License, where an Explicit Network Use >> Notice applies. In such cases, the Corresponding Resource of the Work >> must be made publicly available under this License in a reasonable, >> timely, and accessible manner, at no additional charge. >>=20 >> Any output resulting from the operation of the Work is covered under >> this License only to the extent that such output itself constitutes, >> in whole or in part, a covered Work or a derivative thereof. >>=20 >> Sublicensing of the Work as a separate license grant is not = permitted. >> All rights granted to recipients arise solely from this License and = not >> from any separate license grant by an intermediary. This License may >> not be applied to a Work in a manner that subjects the same Work, in >> whole or in part, to additional or conflicting license terms. = Relicensing >> of the Work is permitted only where explicitly authorized under the = terms >> of this License. >>=20 >> V.a Network-Based Operation >>=20 >> The obligations described in this License apply in addition to, and >> independently from, any obligations arising from distribution or >> transfer of copies, including where the Work is operated to provide >> functionality to third parties through a network. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> VI. Transmission of Identical Copies. >>=20 >> You may convey exact, unmodified copies of the Work, as received, in = any >> medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on >> each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all notices >> stating that this License applies to the Work and that no warranty is >> provided; and provide all recipients with a copy of this License. >>=20 >> The conveyance of identical copies under this Section shall not = impose >> any technical, contractual, procedural, or practical restrictions = that >> would limit or interfere with the recipients=E2=80=99 ability to = access, copy, >> modify, or redistribute the Work in accordance with the terms of this >> License. >>=20 >> Where identical copies of the Work are made available to any = recipient >> through online services, subscription-based systems, or controlled >> access platforms, the Corresponding Resource for that Work must be = made >> publicly available under this License no later than the time such = copies >> are first made available to any recipient. Such availability shall = not >> be conditioned on exclusive agreements, non-disclosure obligations, >> account registration, payment, or acceptance of terms inconsistent = with >> this License. >>=20 >> Nothing in this License prohibits charging a fee for the physical act = of >> transferring a copy, or for providing services such as support, >> maintenance, or warranty protection. However, such fees or services >> shall not be used to restrict, delay, condition, or discourage access >> to the Work or its Corresponding Resource. >>=20 >> Distribution of the Work through application stores, repositories, or >> other controlled platforms is permitted only to the extent that such >> distribution does not impose additional restrictions beyond those >> permitted by this License. >>=20 >> Clear, prominent, and persistent instructions for obtaining the >> Corresponding Resource must be provided alongside the Work, and such >> resource must be accessible to the general public through any = reasonable >> and publicly accessible means without undue barriers. >>=20 >> For the avoidance of doubt, Corresponding Resource includes only >> those configuration or integration components that are specifically >> written to make the covered Work function as a network-accessible >> service, and does not include general infrastructure or unrelated >> systems. This obligation applies regardless of whether such code is >> characterized as =E2=80=9Cglue code=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cinfrastructure = code=E2=80=9D, or =E2=80=9Cdeployment >> configuration=E2=80=9D. >>=20 >> = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= - >>=20 >> END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS >>=20 >>=20 >>> Bruce Perens <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> =C5=9Funlar=C4= =B1 yazd=C4=B1 (22 Oca 2026 01:01): >>>=20 >>> First, this is substantially derivative of GPL text, which itself = has terms preventing its modification. If you are not going to get the = permission of FSF, you should fix that. And FSF may not grant permission = in the interest of reducing license propagation.=20 >>>=20 >>> Second, although you have stated your design goals, you have not = shown what language achieves those goals and how it is different from = existing licenses like GPL. You should do that in detail, because this = thing is big enough that I don't want to spend hours decoding it and = differentiating it from GPL, and I doubt many other people would want to = either, especially given the likelyhood of this becoming a viable = license with significant community use - which is still very much in = doubt. It would probably be better for you to put up the language you = think is innovative and we can discuss those pieces. >>>=20 >>> Thanks >>>=20 >>> Bruce >>>=20 >>> On Wed, Jan 21, 2026 at 10:10=E2=80=AFAM M.samet Duman via = License-discuss <[email protected] = <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: >>>> Hello all, >>>>=20 >>>> Following the recent guidance, I am sharing this text here on = license-discuss rather than license-review. >>>>=20 >>>> Below is the draft of the Project Tick General Public License, = Version 2.0 (only). This version is intended to be a stable release = candidate, but it is still open to refinement based on community = feedback before any formal submission. >>>>=20 >>>> The design goals for v2.0 are: >>>>=20 >>>> - To remain clearly within the GPLv3 / AGPLv3 family of strong = copyleft licenses =20 >>>> - To address network-based use explicitly, while avoiding = technology- or interface-specific mandates =20 >>>> - To focus on practical exercisability of rights rather than = absolute or rigid prohibitions =20 >>>> - To avoid unnecessary constraints on legitimate distribution = models, staged releases, or workflows, provided that recipient freedoms = are not materially impaired >>>>=20 >>>> I would appreciate feedback specifically on: >>>> - Any remaining Open Source Definition concerns =20 >>>> - Language that may be overly restrictive or ambiguous in practice =20= >>>> - Areas where the intent may be clear to the author but unclear to = downstream users >>>>=20 >>>> This is a draft for discussion only; no approval is being requested = at this stage. >>>>=20 >>>> Thank you for your time and expertise. >>>>=20 >>>> --------- >>>> License text: >>>>=20 >>>> PROJECT TICK GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE >>>> Version 2, 2 February 2026 >>>>=20 >>>> Copyright (C) 2026 Project Tick <https://projecttick.org/> >>>> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies >>>> of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. >>>> This is the canonical text of the Project Tick General Public >>>> License, Version 2. Works licensed under this text are governed >>>> exclusively by Version 2 of the License, unless the applicable >>>> copyright holder explicitly authorizes the use of another version. >>>>=20 >>>> Preamble >>>>=20 >>>> The Project Tick General Public License is a copyright-based >>>> copyleft license designed for use with software programs, where >>>> explicitly designated by the applicable copyright holder. >>>> Unless explicitly stated otherwise by the copyright holder, this >>>> License applies to the Work as a software program. >>>>=20 >>>> Many Works are distributed under licenses that restrict the >>>> ability of recipients to use, modify, and redistribute them. >>>> In contrast, this License is intended to ensure that all >>>> recipients of a covered Work receive fundamental freedoms to >>>> access, study, modify, and share that Work. >>>>=20 >>>> Authors may apply this License to their Works to guarantee >>>> that these freedoms are preserved when the Work is conveyed >>>> to others, whether in original or modified form. Any recipient >>>> who conveys a covered Work is required to pass on the same >>>> rights and obligations under this License, thereby preserving >>>> those freedoms for downstream recipients. >>>>=20 >>>> This License prioritizes the availability of Works in forms >>>> suitable for modification and reuse. Where a covered Work is >>>> conveyed together with its preferred form for modification, >>>> access to that form must not be restricted, delayed, or >>>> conditioned in a manner inconsistent with the terms of this >>>> License. A copy of this License must accompany all conveyances >>>> of a covered Work. >>>>=20 >>>> This License also protects authors and contributors by clearly >>>> defining the scope of permitted use, modification, and >>>> distribution, and by providing the Work without warranty. >>>> Nothing in this License requires future versions of a Work to >>>> be distributed under the same terms, unless the copyright >>>> holder explicitly states otherwise. >>>>=20 >>>> Certain devices or systems may be designed in ways that limit >>>> a user=E2=80=99s ability to install or run modified versions of a >>>> Work. The obligations imposed by this License are defined >>>> solely by its operative provisions and are independent of >>>> external design or deployment constraints. >>>>=20 >>>> Each contributor to a covered Work grants a non-exclusive, >>>> worldwide, royalty-free patent license to the extent necessary >>>> to exercise the rights granted under this License with respect >>>> to that contributor=E2=80=99s contributions. >>>>=20 >>>> This License is part of a family of licenses developed within the >>>> Project Tick ecosystem. Project Tick may publish documentation >>>> describing licenses that are commonly used or considered compatible >>>> within the Project Tick ecosystem. Such documentation is provided >>>> solely for informational and community guidance purposes and does >>>> not alter the rights or obligations defined by this License. >>>>=20 >>>> The precise terms and conditions governing the use, modification, >>>> and conveyance of covered Works are set forth below. >>>>=20 >>>> TERMS AND CONDITIONS >>>>=20 >>>> 0. Definitions. >>>>=20 >>>> "This License" refers to the Project Tick General Public License, >>>> Version 2. >>>>=20 >>>> "Project Tick Compatible License" refers, for informational = purposes >>>> only, to licenses that Project Tick may publicly identify as = commonly >>>> used or considered compatible within the Project Tick ecosystem. >>>> Such identification is non-normative, does not modify or extend the >>>> terms of this License, does not grant any additional permissions, = and >>>> does not constitute an authoritative or legally binding = determination >>>> of license compatibility. Actual compatibility between licenses is >>>> determined solely by the terms of the respective licenses and >>>> applicable law. >>>>=20 >>>> "Copyright" refers to laws similar to copyright that apply to = other >>>> types of Works, such as semiconductor chips. >>>>=20 >>>> "Work" means a software program licensed under this License. >>>> Each licensee is referred to as "you". "Recipients" may be >>>> individuals or organizations. >>>>=20 >>>> "Ecosystem Work" means any Work that is explicitly designated >>>> by the copyright holder as forming part of the Project Tick >>>> ecosystem, including but not limited to core applications, >>>> reference implementations, protocol definitions, metadata >>>> formats, registries, service components, and infrastructure >>>> software. Such designation does not, by itself, impose any >>>> additional restrictions or obligations beyond those expressly >>>> set forth in this License. Such designation must be made in a >>>> clear and publicly accessible manner, including but not limited >>>> to source file headers, documentation, or official project = metadata. >>>>=20 >>>> To "modify" a Work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the >>>> Work in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the >>>> making of an exact copy. The resulting Work is called a "modified >>>> version" of the earlier Work or a Work "based on" the earlier Work. >>>>=20 >>>> To "propagate" a Work means to do anything with it that, without >>>> permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for >>>> infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on >>>> a computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes = copying, >>>> distribution (with or without modification), making available to = the >>>> public, and in some countries other activities as well. >>>>=20 >>>> To "convey" a Work means any kind of propagation that enables = other >>>> parties to make or receive copies of the Work. Mere interaction = with >>>> a user through a computer network, without the transfer of a copy, >>>> does not by itself constitute conveying; however, such interaction >>>> may give rise to additional obligations under this License as = expressly >>>> provided elsewhere. >>>>=20 >>>> To "operate" a Work means to run, deploy, or make functional use >>>> of the Work for the primary purpose of providing its functionality >>>> or output to third parties as a service or system, whether directly >>>> or indirectly, including through a computer network, where such = parties >>>> are not under the direct control of the operator. >>>>=20 >>>> A "Library Work" is a Work that is designed to provide reusable >>>> functionality intended to be linked, imported, or otherwise = combined >>>> with other independent Works, without, by its nature, forming a = single >>>> Combined Work merely by being present. >>>>=20 >>>> "User Product" means (1) any tangible personal property which is >>>> normally used for personal, family, or domestic purposes, and (2) >>>> anything designed or sold for incorporation into a dwelling. In >>>> determining whether a product is a User Product, doubtful cases = shall >>>> be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular product received >>>> by a particular user, "normally used" refers to the typical or = common >>>> use of that class of product, regardless of the status of the = particular >>>> user or the way in which the particular user actually uses, expects >>>> to use, or is expected to use the product. >>>>=20 >>>> "Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods, >>>> procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to >>>> install and run modified versions of a covered Work in that User >>>> Product from a modified version of its Corresponding Resource. The >>>> information must be sufficient to ensure that the continued = operation >>>> of the modified object code is not prevented or interfered with = solely >>>> because the Work has been modified. >>>>=20 >>>> "Network Interaction" means operation of a Work through a = computer >>>> network primarily for the purpose of providing its functionality >>>> or output to third parties, regardless of whether a copy of the >>>> Work is transferred. >>>>=20 >>>> A "Combined Work" is a Work produced by linking, importing, or >>>> otherwise combining a Library Work with another independent Work, >>>> whether statically or dynamically. >>>>=20 >>>> An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal = Notices" >>>> to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible >>>> feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2) >>>> tells the user that there is no warranty for the Work (except to = the >>>> extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the >>>> Work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. = If >>>> the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as = a >>>> menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion. >>>>=20 >>>> 1. Authority of Interpretation. >>>>=20 >>>> The terms of this License shall be interpreted according to their >>>> plain meaning and intent, as expressed in the text of this License, >>>> and in accordance with applicable law. No person or organization = may >>>> grant permissions, exceptions, or interpretations that purport to >>>> modify the terms of this License or impose additional obligations >>>> beyond those expressly stated herein, except by the applicable >>>> copyright holder with respect to their own contributions. >>>> Any statements, policies, guidance documents, contractual terms, >>>> or representations not expressly incorporated into this License >>>> shall have no effect on the scope, interpretation, or enforcement >>>> of the rights and obligations granted under this License. Nothing >>>> in this section limits judicial interpretation, community analysis, >>>> academic commentary, or non-binding explanatory materials, provided >>>> that such materials do not claim to alter or supersede the terms of >>>> this License. >>>>=20 >>>> 2. Source Code and Corresponding Resource. >>>>=20 >>>> "Source Code" means the preferred form of the Work for making >>>> modifications to it. It includes all files, definitions, scripts, >>>> build instructions, and materials necessary to understand, modify, >>>> build, install, and run the Work in practice, in a form that is >>>> reasonably suitable for editing. "Object Code" means any form of >>>> the Work that is not Source Code. Deliberate obfuscation, = minification, >>>> code generation output without the corresponding human-readable = input, >>>> or any other transformation that materially impairs the = readability, >>>> auditability, or modifiability of the Work shall not be considered >>>> Source Code. "Standard Interface" refers to either a formal = standard >>>> defined by a recognized standards organization, or, where = applicable, >>>> an interface that is widely used and publicly documented among >>>> practitioners working in the relevant language, platform, or >>>> ecosystem. The "System Libraries" of an executable Work include >>>> components that (1) are included as part of the normal packaging >>>> of a Main Component, but are not part of the Work itself, and (2) >>>> serve only to enable use of the Work with that Main Component or >>>> with an implementation of a Standard Interface. In this context, >>>> a "Main Component" refers to a kernel, operating system, window >>>> system, compiler, runtime, or object code interpreter used to run >>>> the Work. For a Work conveyed in object code or other non-source = form, >>>> "Corresponding Resource" means all Source Code required to = generate, >>>> install, run, and modify the Work, including build scripts, = interface >>>> definitions, and supporting code specifically designed for or = tightly >>>> coupled to the Work. The Corresponding Resource does not include = System >>>> Libraries, general-purpose development tools, or third-party = components >>>> that are not derived from the Work and are not required for its = modification >>>> or the exercise of rights granted under this License. Any portion = of the Work >>>> that is licensed under this License must remain licensed under this = License. >>>> This License does not require relicensing of independent = third-party components. >>>> For a Work conveyed in Source Code form, the Source Code itself = constitutes the >>>> Corresponding Resource. >>>>=20 >>>> 3. Essential Permissions. >>>>=20 >>>> All rights granted under this License are granted for the full = term of >>>> copyright applicable to the Work and are irrevocable, provided that >>>> the conditions of this License are satisfied. Subject to the terms = and >>>> conditions of this License, you are permitted to use, operate, = study, >>>> modify, and convey the Work. Operation of an unmodified Work for = private, >>>> internal, testing, development, or evaluation purposes does not, by = itself, >>>> impose any obligation to convey the Work or make its Corresponding = Resource >>>> available, except where expressly stated in this License. >>>>=20 >>>> You may convey the Work, in original or modified form, provided = that >>>> each recipient receives the same rights and obligations under this >>>> License, and that no additional restrictions are imposed on the >>>> exercise of those rights. >>>>=20 >>>> You may engage third parties to perform activities on your behalf >>>> relating to the creation, modification, operation, or display of = the >>>> Work, provided that such activities are carried out under your >>>> authorization and that no copies of the Work are retained, = conveyed, >>>> or made available beyond the scope of that engagement, except as >>>> permitted under this License. >>>>=20 >>>> If the Work, or a modified version of the Work, is operated = primarily >>>> for the purpose of providing its functionality or output to third >>>> parties through a computer network, including via hosted, remote, = or >>>> internet-accessible services, such operation shall be deemed >>>> conveyance solely for the purpose of triggering the source = availability >>>> obligations expressly set forth in this License. In such cases, the >>>> Corresponding Resource of the Work must be made publicly available >>>> under this License in a reasonable, timely, and accessible manner, >>>> at no additional charge. >>>>=20 >>>> Any output resulting from the operation of the Work is covered = under >>>> this License only to the extent that such output itself = constitutes, >>>> in whole or in part, a covered Work or a derivative thereof. >>>>=20 >>>> Sublicensing of the Work as a separate license grant is not = permitted. >>>> All rights granted to recipients arise solely from this License and = not >>>> from any separate license grant by an intermediary. This License = may >>>> not be applied to a Work in a manner that subjects the same Work, = in >>>> whole or in part, to additional or conflicting license terms. = Relicensing >>>> of the Work is permitted only where explicitly authorized under the = terms >>>> of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> 4. Protection of Users=E2=80=99 Legal Rights Against = Technological Measures. >>>>=20 >>>> No covered Work shall be considered part of an effective = technological >>>> measure under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty of 20 = December 1996, >>>> or any similar law, to the extent that such a measure is used = primarily >>>> to restrict or prohibit the exercise of rights granted under this = License. >>>>=20 >>>> By licensing, conveying, or otherwise applying this License to a = Work, >>>> you waive any legal right to prohibit or restrict the circumvention = of >>>> technological measures where such circumvention is necessary to = exercise >>>> the rights granted under this License. >>>>=20 >>>> This Section does not prohibit the use of technical mechanisms = that are >>>> designed solely to ensure system integrity, security, authenticity, = or >>>> reliable distribution, including but not limited to secure boot >>>> mechanisms, cryptographic signature verification, or platform-level >>>> distribution requirements, provided that such mechanisms do not = prevent >>>> recipients from accessing, modifying, or conveying the = Corresponding >>>> Resource of the covered Work under the terms of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Any technological, contractual, legal, or policy-based mechanism = that, >>>> in practice, conditions access to the Corresponding Resource on = payment, >>>> exclusive agreements, subscription status, customer classification, = or >>>> acceptance of terms inconsistent with this License shall be deemed = a >>>> technological measure for the purposes of this Section. >>>>=20 >>>> Platform policies or distribution requirements that apply = uniformly, >>>> without discrimination, and that do not restrict the availability = or >>>> exercise of rights granted under this License shall not, by = themselves, >>>> constitute a violation of this Section. >>>>=20 >>>> 5. Transmission of Identical Copies. >>>>=20 >>>> You may convey exact, unmodified copies of the Work, as received, = in any >>>> medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish = on >>>> each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all notices >>>> stating that this License applies to the Work and that no warranty = is >>>> provided; and provide all recipients with a copy of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> The conveyance of identical copies under this Section shall not = impose >>>> any technical, contractual, procedural, or practical restrictions = that >>>> would limit or interfere with the recipients=E2=80=99 ability to = access, copy, >>>> modify, or redistribute the Work in accordance with the terms of = this >>>> License. >>>>=20 >>>> Where identical copies of the Work are made available to any = recipient >>>> through online services, subscription-based systems, or controlled >>>> access platforms, the Corresponding Resource for that Work must be = made >>>> publicly available under this License no later than the time such = copies >>>> are first made available to any recipient. Such availability shall = not >>>> be conditioned on exclusive agreements, non-disclosure obligations, >>>> account registration, payment, or acceptance of terms inconsistent = with >>>> this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Nothing in this License prohibits charging a fee for the physical = act of >>>> transferring a copy, or for providing services such as support, >>>> maintenance, or warranty protection. However, such fees or services >>>> shall not be used to restrict, delay, condition, or discourage = access >>>> to the Work or its Corresponding Resource. >>>>=20 >>>> Distribution of the Work through application stores, = repositories, or >>>> other controlled platforms is permitted only to the extent that = such >>>> distribution does not impose additional restrictions beyond those >>>> permitted by this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Clear, prominent, and persistent instructions for obtaining the >>>> Corresponding Resource must be provided alongside the Work, and = such >>>> resource must be accessible to the general public through any = reasonable >>>> and publicly accessible means without undue barriers. >>>>=20 >>>> 6. Transmission of Modified Source Versions. >>>>=20 >>>> You may convey a Work based on the Work, or modifications derived = from >>>> the Work, in Source Code form under the terms of Section 5, = provided >>>> that you also comply with all of the following conditions: >>>>=20 >>>> a) The modified Work must contain prominent notices stating that = you >>>> have modified it, together with the date of each such = modification. >>>>=20 >>>> b) The modified Work must contain clear notices stating that it = is >>>> licensed under this License, together with any applicable = additional >>>> permissions expressly permitted under this License. Such = notices may >>>> replace or update existing notices to accurately reflect the = modified >>>> status of the Work. >>>>=20 >>>> c) You must license the modified Work, as a whole, under this = License >>>> to any recipient who receives a copy of it. This License, and = any >>>> applicable additional permissions permitted by it, shall = therefore >>>> apply to the modified Work and all of its parts, regardless of = how they >>>> are packaged or distributed. >>>>=20 >>>> This License does not permit relicensing of the modified Work = under >>>> different terms. However, this provision does not invalidate = permissions >>>> that you may have obtained separately and independently from the >>>> copyright holders of portions of the Work. >>>>=20 >>>> d) If the modified Work includes interactive user interfaces, = such >>>> interfaces must display Appropriate Legal Notices, unless the = original >>>> Work did not include such notices and the nature of the = interface makes >>>> their display impractical or unreasonable. >>>>=20 >>>> e) If the modified Work is a Library Work, the Library Work = itself must >>>> remain licensed under this License. Linking, importing, or = otherwise >>>> using a Library Work in combination with other independent = Works does >>>> not remove or alter the obligations imposed by this License on = the >>>> Library Work itself, nor does it grant permission to relicense = the >>>> Library Work under different terms. >>>>=20 >>>> A compilation of a covered Work with other separate and = independent >>>> Works that are not, by their nature, extensions of the covered Work = and >>>> that are not combined with it to form a single unified Work is = referred >>>> to as an "aggregate". The inclusion of a covered Work in an = aggregate >>>> does not cause this License to apply to the other Works in the = aggregate, >>>> provided that the compilation and its conveyance do not impose >>>> additional restrictions on the rights granted under this License = with >>>> respect to the covered Work. >>>>=20 >>>> 7. Transmission of Non-Source Formats. >>>>=20 >>>> Operating a covered Work through Network Interaction primarily = for the >>>> purpose of providing its functionality or output to the public = shall >>>> constitute conveying the Work solely for the purposes of triggering = the >>>> source availability obligations set forth in this License. This = does >>>> not include internal, private, testing, development, or incidental = uses >>>> that do not primarily provide the Work=E2=80=99s functionality to = the public. >>>> In accordance with Sections 4 and 5, you may convey a covered Work = in >>>> object code or other non-source form, provided that the = Corresponding >>>> Resource of the Work is made available under the terms of this = License >>>> in a machine-readable form. The Corresponding Resource must be made >>>> available in a manner that is no less accessible, timely, and = usable >>>> than the object code itself. >>>>=20 >>>> a) You may convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical >>>> product (including a physical distribution medium), = accompanied by >>>> the Corresponding Resource fixed on a durable physical medium >>>> customarily used for software exchange. >>>>=20 >>>> b) You may convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical >>>> product (including a physical distribution medium), = accompanied by a >>>> written offer, valid for at least three years and for as long = as you >>>> offer spare parts, updates, or customer support for that = product >>>> model, to provide any recipient with either: >>>>=20 >>>> (1) a copy of the Corresponding Resource for all covered = Works in >>>> the product, on a durable physical medium customarily = used for >>>> software exchange, for a price no higher than the = reasonable >>>> cost of physically performing this transmission; or >>>>=20 >>>> (2) immediate and unrestricted access to copy the = Corresponding >>>> Resource through any reasonable and publicly accessible = means. >>>>=20 >>>> The refusal or non-acceptance of such a written offer by any = recipient >>>> does not relieve you of the obligation to ensure that the >>>> Corresponding Resource remains publicly available under this = License >>>> for the duration required by this Section. >>>>=20 >>>> c) You may convey individual copies of the object code together = with a >>>> copy of the written offer described in subsection (b), but = only >>>> occasionally, for non-commercial purposes, and only if you = received >>>> the object code accompanied by such an offer. >>>>=20 >>>> d) You may convey the object code by offering access from a = designated >>>> location, free of charge or for a fee, provided that = equivalent access >>>> to the Corresponding Resource is offered in the same manner, = without >>>> delay, additional conditions, or practical barriers. If the = object >>>> code is offered from a network server, the Corresponding = Resource may >>>> be hosted on a different server operated by you or by a third = party, >>>> provided that clear, prominent, and persistent instructions = are given >>>> alongside the object code indicating where and how the = Corresponding >>>> Resource may be obtained. >>>>=20 >>>> Any technical, contractual, procedural, or policy-based measure = that >>>> has the effect of discouraging, delaying, conditioning, or = preventing >>>> access to the Corresponding Resource shall be deemed a violation of >>>> this License. >>>>=20 >>>> e) You may convey the object code using peer-to-peer = transmission, >>>> provided that you clearly inform all peers where the object = code and >>>> the Corresponding Resource are being offered to the general = public, >>>> free of charge, under the terms of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> A separable portion of the object code whose source is excluded = from >>>> the Corresponding Resource as a System Library need not be included = in >>>> the transmission of the object code. If you convey an object code = Work >>>> under this Section in, with, or specifically for use in a User = Product, >>>> and the conveyance occurs as part of a transaction transferring the = right >>>> of possession or use of the User Product to the recipient, the = Corresponding >>>> Resource must be accompanied by the Installation Information. This = requirement >>>> does not apply if neither you nor any third party retains the = ability to >>>> install modified object code on the User Product. The Corresponding = Resource >>>> and any Installation Information provided under this Section must = be in a >>>> publicly documented format, must not impose additional restrictions = that >>>> materially limit the practical ability of recipients to exercise = the rights >>>> granted under this License to access, and must remain available for = as long >>>> as necessary to satisfy the requirements of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> For the avoidance of doubt, Corresponding Resource includes any >>>> configuration, orchestration, interface adaptation, protocol = binding, >>>> or service integration code that is specifically designed to enable >>>> the operation of the covered Work as part of a network-accessible >>>> service. This obligation applies regardless of whether such code is >>>> characterized as =E2=80=9Cglue code=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cinfrastructure= code=E2=80=9D, or =E2=80=9Cdeployment >>>> configuration=E2=80=9D. >>>>=20 >>>> 8. Additional Terms. >>>>=20 >>>> Nothing in this License grants permission to relicense a Work in = a >>>> manner not permitted by the terms under which that Work was = originally >>>> licensed. >>>>=20 >>>> "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement this License = by >>>> granting limited exceptions to one or more of its conditions, = without >>>> removing, weakening, or contradicting the core requirements of this >>>> License. >>>>=20 >>>> Additional permissions that apply to an entire Work shall be = treated >>>> as incorporated into this License with respect to that Work, to the >>>> extent that they are valid under applicable law. Where additional >>>> permissions apply only to a specific portion of a Work, that = portion >>>> may be used under those permissions, provided that the Work as a = whole >>>> remains governed by this License. >>>>=20 >>>> When conveying a Work covered by this License, you may choose not = to >>>> propagate additional permissions from that copy or from any portion >>>> thereof. Additional permissions may also be removed when modifying = the >>>> Work, where such removal is necessary to preserve the consistency = or >>>> intent of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> You may place additional permissions on material added by you to = a >>>> covered Work, provided that you have the authority to grant such >>>> permissions for that material. >>>>=20 >>>> Notwithstanding the other provisions of this License, additional >>>> permissions applicable to material added by you may include terms >>>> that: >>>>=20 >>>> a) disclaim warranty or limit liability for that material; >>>>=20 >>>> b) require that reasonable legal notices or author attributions = be >>>> preserved in Appropriate Legal Notices associated with that = material; >>>>=20 >>>> c) prohibit misrepresentation of the origin of that material or = require >>>> that modified versions be clearly marked as such; >>>>=20 >>>> d) restrict the promotional use of the names of licensors or = authors >>>> of that material; >>>>=20 >>>> e) disclaim any rights under trademark law to use specific trade = names, >>>> trademarks, or service marks associated with that material. >>>>=20 >>>> No additional permission may impose conditions that restrict, = negate, >>>> or circumvent the obligations of this License concerning source >>>> availability, copyleft requirements, network-based use, or the = rights >>>> of recipients to use, modify, and redistribute the Work. >>>>=20 >>>> Where additional permissions apply to a Work, the applicable = source >>>> files must include a clear notice describing those permissions or >>>> indicating where the full text of such permissions may be found. >>>>=20 >>>> Notwithstanding the copyleft requirements of this License, a = covered >>>> Work may be combined, linked, or otherwise used together with a = Work >>>> licensed under a Project Tick Compatible License, provided that = such >>>> combination does not impose additional restrictions on the covered >>>> Work beyond those permitted by this License. >>>>=20 >>>> A Work licensed under a Project Tick Compatible License shall be >>>> considered, for the purposes of this License, to be = license-compatible >>>> with this License. Such compatibility applies solely for the = purposes >>>> of combination, linking, and interoperability, and does not alter = the >>>> copyleft requirements applicable to the covered Work itself. >>>>=20 >>>> The designation of a Project Tick Compatible License does not = grant >>>> permission to relicense a covered Work under that license, unless = such >>>> permission is expressly stated by the applicable copyright holder. >>>>=20 >>>> 9. Termination. >>>>=20 >>>> You may not propagate, convey, or modify a covered Work except as >>>> expressly permitted under this License. Any attempt to do so = otherwise >>>> is void and shall automatically terminate your rights under this >>>> License. However, if you cease all violations of this License, your >>>> rights under this License from a particular copyright holder are >>>> reinstated provisionally, unless and until that copyright holder >>>> explicitly and finally terminates those rights. >>>>=20 >>>> Your rights are reinstated permanently if the copyright holder = fails to >>>> notify you of the violation by reasonable means within sixty (60) = days >>>> after the cessation of the violation. >>>>=20 >>>> Additionally, your rights are reinstated permanently if this is = the >>>> first time you have received notice of a violation of this License = from >>>> that copyright holder, and you cure the violation within thirty = (30) >>>> days after receiving such notice. >>>>=20 >>>> Termination of your rights under this Section does not terminate = the >>>> licenses of any parties who have received copies of the Work, or = rights >>>> under this License, from you prior to such termination. >>>>=20 >>>> 10. Acceptance Not Required for Possession or Use. >>>>=20 >>>> You are not required to accept this License in order to receive, >>>> possess, or use a copy of a covered Work. The mere act of = downloading, >>>> receiving, storing, or executing the Work does not constitute = acceptance >>>> of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Propagation or conveyance of a covered Work that occurs solely as = an >>>> automatic, incidental, or passive consequence of using a network, >>>> distribution system, or peer-to-peer transmission to receive a copy >>>> likewise does not require acceptance of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> However, nothing other than this License grants you permission to >>>> propagate, convey, or modify a covered Work. Any such actions = without >>>> authorization under this License constitute copyright infringement. >>>>=20 >>>> By propagating, conveying, or modifying a covered Work, you = indicate >>>> your acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions >>>> with respect to those actions. >>>>=20 >>>> 11. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients. >>>>=20 >>>> The license granted to recipients of a covered Work arises solely = by >>>> operation of this License and not by virtue of any separate = agreement, >>>> contract, or policy. >>>>=20 >>>> Each time you convey a covered Work, the recipient automatically >>>> receives a license directly from the original licensors to use, >>>> operate, study, modify, and convey that Work, subject to the terms = and >>>> conditions of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> You are not responsible for enforcing compliance with this = License by >>>> third parties. >>>>=20 >>>> An "entity transaction" means a transaction that transfers = control of >>>> an organization, transfers substantially all of its assets, = subdivides >>>> an organization, or merges organizations. If conveyance of a = covered >>>> Work results from an entity transaction, each party to that = transaction >>>> who receives a copy of the Work also receives any licenses to the = Work >>>> that the predecessor in interest had or could grant under this = License, >>>> together with the right to receive the Corresponding Resource of = the >>>> Work, if the predecessor possesses it or can obtain it with = reasonable >>>> effort. >>>>=20 >>>> You may not impose any additional legal, contractual, technical, = or >>>> policy-based restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted or >>>> affirmed under this License. Any attempt to impose such further >>>> restrictions is void and shall not affect the rights of recipients >>>> under this License. >>>>=20 >>>> 12. Patents. >>>>=20 >>>> A "Contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes the use of a >>>> covered Work under this License. The Work so licensed is referred = to >>>> as the Contributor=E2=80=99s "Contributor Version". >>>>=20 >>>> Each Contributor grants to every recipient of the Contributor = Version >>>> a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free, irrevocable patent = license >>>> under any patent claims owned or controlled by that Contributor, to >>>> the extent that such claims are necessarily infringed by the use, >>>> operation, modification, or conveyance of the Contributor Version = in >>>> a manner permitted by this License. >>>>=20 >>>> This patent license applies only to those patent claims that are >>>> unavoidably infringed by exercising the rights granted under this >>>> License with respect to the Contributor Version. It does not extend >>>> to patent claims that would be infringed solely as a result of = further >>>> modification, combination, or use beyond the scope of the = Contributor >>>> Version. >>>>=20 >>>> If you convey a covered Work, you may not rely on, assert, or = enforce >>>> any patent license, agreement, covenant, or arrangement that would >>>> result in any recipient being denied the full exercise of the = rights >>>> granted under this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Any patent license granted in connection with a covered Work must = be >>>> non-discriminatory and must extend equally to all recipients of = that >>>> Work under this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Nothing in this License shall be construed as limiting, = excluding, or >>>> waiving any implied patent license, patent exhaustion doctrine, or >>>> other defenses to patent infringement that may be available under >>>> applicable law. >>>>=20 >>>> 13. Linking and Combined Works. >>>>=20 >>>> A Library Work covered by this License may be linked, combined, = or >>>> otherwise integrated with an independent Work, whether statically = or >>>> dynamically, without causing this License to apply to the = independent >>>> Work as a whole, provided that the terms of this Section are = satisfied. >>>>=20 >>>> The Library Work itself, and any modifications to it, must remain >>>> licensed under this License. Any party conveying a modified version = of >>>> the Library Work, or a Combined Work containing a modified Library = Work, >>>> must comply with the terms of this License with respect to the = Library >>>> Work. >>>>=20 >>>> You must not restrict the ability of recipients to modify the = Library >>>> Work and to relink or otherwise use a modified version of the = Library >>>> Work with the Combined Work. This includes providing the necessary >>>> source code, interface information, and build mechanisms required = to >>>> enable such modification and relinking. >>>>=20 >>>> A Combined Work that merely links to, imports, or uses a Library = Work >>>> through its defined interfaces shall not be required to be licensed >>>> under this License, provided that the Library Work remains = separable >>>> and replaceable. >>>>=20 >>>> Mere aggregation of independent Works, or communication between >>>> independent Works through standard interfaces, inter-process >>>> communication, command-line invocation, or network protocols, does = not >>>> by itself cause this License to apply to such independent Works. >>>>=20 >>>> 14. Equal Access to Corresponding Resource. >>>>=20 >>>> Where access to a covered Work or its Corresponding Resource is = granted >>>> to any recipient, such access must be provided in a manner = consistent >>>> with the requirements of this License and must not impose = additional >>>> restrictions that materially and demonstrably impair the ability of >>>> recipients to exercise the rights granted herein. >>>>=20 >>>> Differences in timing, format, location, or method of access = shall not >>>> constitute a violation of this License unless they have the = practical >>>> effect of preventing or significantly hindering recipients from >>>> understanding, modifying, or reusing the Work. >>>>=20 >>>> The Corresponding Resource must be provided in a form that is = reasonably >>>> usable and modifiable by a competent developer using commonly = available >>>> tools. >>>>=20 >>>> 15. Protection of Contributor Rights. >>>>=20 >>>> No agreement, policy, contract, or other arrangement may = retroactively >>>> restrict, revoke, or nullify the rights granted to a Contributor = under >>>> this License with respect to their contributions. >>>>=20 >>>> Any additional agreement affecting a Contributor=E2=80=99s = contributions must >>>> not diminish the permissions, freedoms, or protections granted by = this >>>> License to that Contributor or to recipients of the covered Work. >>>>=20 >>>> If conditions are imposed upon you, whether by court order, = agreement, >>>> policy, or otherwise, that contradict the conditions of this = License, >>>> such conditions do not excuse you from complying with this License. = If >>>> you cannot convey a covered Work in a manner that simultaneously >>>> satisfies your obligations under this License and any other = applicable >>>> obligations, then you may not convey the covered Work at all. >>>>=20 >>>> You may not impose, accept, or pass through any obligation that = has the >>>> effect of restricting, conditioning, or discouraging the exercise = of >>>> the rights granted under this License by recipients of the covered = Work. >>>> For example, if you agree to terms that require the collection of = fees, >>>> royalties, or other consideration as a condition of further = conveyance, >>>> and such terms are incompatible with this License, you must refrain >>>> entirely from conveying the covered Work under those terms. >>>>=20 >>>> 16. Uniform Exercise of Rights. >>>>=20 >>>> Where a covered Work is conveyed, distributed, or made available = in >>>> object code, executable, operational, or service form, the >>>> Corresponding Resource for that Work must be made available under = this >>>> License no later than the time at which such form is first provided = to >>>> any recipient. >>>>=20 >>>> A difference in timing, manner, or conditions under which access = to the >>>> Work or its Corresponding Resource is provided shall constitute a >>>> violation of this License only where such difference materially and >>>> demonstrably prevents recipients from exercising the rights granted >>>> under this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Nothing in this Section shall be construed to prohibit staged = releases, >>>> differentiated distribution models, or varied access arrangements, >>>> provided that the Corresponding Resource is made available in a = manner >>>> consistent with the requirements of this License and without = imposing >>>> additional restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted = herein. >>>>=20 >>>> The rights granted under this License apply equally to all = recipients >>>> and all fields of endeavor. No restriction or condition may be = imposed >>>> that limits the exercise of such rights based on the nature, = identity, >>>> or purpose of the recipient. >>>>=20 >>>> The rights granted under this License may not be negated or = restricted >>>> by separate agreements, policies, or contractual terms to the = extent >>>> that such terms conflict with this License. >>>>=20 >>>> Where a covered Work is operated as part of a larger system, = service, >>>> or deployment, the Corresponding Resource shall include only the = source >>>> code of the covered Work itself and any modifications thereto, and = does >>>> not require the disclosure of independent works or system = components >>>> that are not derived from the covered Work. >>>>=20 >>>> 17. Disclaimer of Warranty. >>>>=20 >>>> TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE WORK IS = PROVIDED >>>> "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. EXCEPT WHERE OTHERWISE >>>> EXPRESSLY STATED IN WRITING, THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER = PARTIES >>>> PROVIDE THE WORK WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, = INCLUDING, >>>> BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS = FOR >>>> A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. THE ENTIRE RISK = AS TO >>>> THE QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, AND FUNCTIONALITY OF THE WORK IS WITH = YOU. >>>> SHOULD THE WORK PROVE DEFECTIVE OR FAIL TO OPERATE AS EXPECTED, YOU >>>> ASSUME ALL COSTS OF NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR, CORRECTION, OR = REMEDIATION. >>>>=20 >>>> 18. Limitation of Liability. >>>>=20 >>>> TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT = SHALL >>>> ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, CONTRIBUTOR, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES, >>>> CONVEYS, OR OTHERWISE MAKES THE WORK AVAILABLE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR >>>> ANY DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DIRECT, >>>> INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY, = OR >>>> PUNITIVE DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF, = OR >>>> INABILITY TO USE, THE WORK, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF = THE >>>> POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. >>>>=20 >>>> 19. Interpretation of Sections 17 and 18. >>>>=20 >>>> If the disclaimer of warranty or limitation of liability set = forth in >>>> Sections 17 and 18 of this License cannot be given full legal = effect >>>> under applicable local law, such provisions shall be enforced to = the >>>> maximum extent permitted by that law. >>>>=20 >>>> In such cases, courts shall apply the local law in a manner that = most >>>> closely approximates an absolute exclusion or limitation of civil >>>> liability in connection with the Work, consistent with the intent = of >>>> Sections 17 and 18, unless a warranty or assumption of liability >>>> accompanies a copy of the Work in return for a fee. >>>>=20 >>>> END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS >>>>=20 >>>> How to Apply This License to Your Programs >>>>=20 >>>> If you develop a new program and wish to grant the public the >>>> freedoms to use, study, modify, and convey it under the terms of >>>> this License, you may apply this License to the program by >>>> attaching the notices described below. >>>>=20 >>>> It is recommended to place these notices at the beginning of >>>> each source file, in order to clearly indicate the applicable >>>> license terms and the exclusion of warranty. Each file should >>>> include at least a copyright notice and a reference to where the >>>> full text of this License can be found. >>>>=20 >>>> <Program name> =E2=80=94 <brief description of what the Work = does> >>>> Copyright (C) <year> <author or organization> >>>>=20 >>>> This Work is released under the Project Tick General Public = License, >>>> Version 2. >>>>=20 >>>> This License grants you the right to use, operate, study, = modify, and >>>> convey this Work, provided that all conditions of the = PT-GPL-2.0-only >>>> are fully respected. Any distribution or other conveyance of = this Work, >>>> whether in original or modified form, must preserve these = rights and >>>> the corresponding obligations for all recipients. >>>>=20 >>>> This Work is provided for practical use and experimentation, = but it is >>>> distributed strictly on an "AS IS" basis. No warranty is = provided, and >>>> no assurances are made regarding performance, correctness, = reliability, >>>> fitness for any purpose, or non-infringement. All risks arising = from the >>>> use, operation, or modification of this Work are assumed = entirely by >>>> the user. >>>>=20 >>>> Whenever this Work is conveyed in any form, a complete copy of = the >>>> Project Tick General Public License, Version 2, must be = included. >>>> If the License text is not distributed alongside the Work = itself, it >>>> must be made available through a clear, persistent, and = publicly >>>> accessible location, in a manner fully consistent with the = requirements >>>> of the License. >>>>=20 >>>> You are encouraged to include information on how to contact the >>>> author or maintainer of the program by electronic means. >>>>=20 >>>> If the program provides an interactive user interface, whether >>>> through a terminal, graphical interface, or network-based system, >>>> it should display Appropriate Legal Notices in a reasonable and >>>> prominent manner. Such notices should include a copyright notice, >>>> a statement that the program is provided without warranty, and >>>> information on how to view a copy of this License. >>>>=20 >>>> If you develop the program as part of your employment, education, >>>> or under contract, you should ensure that no conflicting claims >>>> exist with respect to the copyright of the program, or that any >>>> required permissions or disclaimers have been obtained. >>>>=20 >>>> This License is a copyleft license. Works covered by it may not >>>> be incorporated into proprietary works except as expressly >>>> permitted by the terms of this License. If you intend to permit >>>> use, linking, or incorporation under different conditions, you >>>> should carefully evaluate whether a different license better >>>> suits your goals. >>>>=20 >>>> ----------- >>>>=20 >>>> Best regards, =20 >>>> Mehmet Samet Duman =20 >>>> Author of Project Tick >>>> _______________________________________________ >>>> The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and = not necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Official statements = by the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an opensource.org = <http://opensource.org/> email address. >>>>=20 >>>> License-discuss mailing list >>>> [email protected] = <mailto:[email protected]> >>>> = http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-discuss_lists.opensou= rce.org >>>=20 >>>=20 >>>=20 >>> -- >>> Bruce Perens K6BP >>=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 > -- > Bruce Perens K6BP --Apple-Mail=_546E61D7-EEBC-4F1A-BF59-B0B58C4880E7 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 <html aria-label=3D"message body"><head><meta http-equiv=3D"content-type" = content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8"></head><body = style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; = line-break: after-white-space;"><div>Hello Bruce, </div><div>Hello = all,</div><div><br></div><div>Thank you for the guidance. I understand = the concern about review scope and time = investment.</div><div><br></div><div>Based strictly on the current = PT-GPL v2 text, below are five specific areas where the license is = intended to diverge from existing copyleft licenses. For each point, I = have included only the relevant operative language, followed by a short = statement of = intent.</div><div><br></div><div>---</div><div><br></div><div>1. = Explicit opt-in for network-based source = obligations</div><div><br></div><div>Relevant text:</div><div>> This = License does not require network-based source disclosure = </div><div>> unless the copyright holder has expressly chosen = to enable such </div><div>> obligations by an Explicit Network = Use Notice.</div><div><br></div><div>> =E2=80=9CExplicit Network Use = Notice=E2=80=9D means a clear and prominent notice </div><div>> = placed by the copyright holder stating that operation of the Work = </div><div>> through a computer network shall be treated as = conveying for the </div><div>> purposes of source = availability.</div><div><br></div><div>Intent: </div><div>Unlike = AGPL-style copyleft, network-based obligations are not automatic. The = copyright holder explicitly decides whether network operation should = trigger source = availability.</div><div><br></div><div>---</div><div><br></div><div>2. = Network operation triggers source availability only, not full = conveyance</div><div><br></div><div>Relevant text:</div><div>> Such = operation may be treated as conveyance solely for the purpose = </div><div>> of triggering the source availability obligations = expressly set forth </div><div>> in this License, where an = Explicit Network Use Notice applies.</div><div><br></div><div>> This = License does not require disclosure of unrelated systems, = </div><div>> independent services, or proprietary = infrastructure that are not </div><div>> derived from the = covered Work itself.</div><div><br></div><div>Intent: = </div><div>This deliberately limits the legal effect of network = use, avoiding spillover into unrelated systems or = services.</div><div><br></div><div>---</div><div><br></div><div>3. = Service-aware definition of Corresponding = Resource</div><div><br></div><div>Relevant text:</div><div>> = Corresponding Resource means all Source Code required to generate, = </div><div>> install, run, and modify the Work, including build = scripts, interface </div><div>> definitions, and supporting = code specifically designed for or tightly </div><div>> coupled = to the Work.</div><div><br></div><div>> Corresponding Resource = includes only those configuration or integration </div><div>> = components that are specifically written to make the covered Work = </div><div>> function as a network-accessible service, and does = not include general </div><div>> infrastructure or unrelated = systems.</div><div><br></div><div>Intent: </div><div>This = explicitly includes service glue and deployment-specific code, while = drawing a clear boundary around general = infrastructure.</div><div><br></div><div>---</div><div><br></div><div>4. = Anti-gatekeeping and equal-access = requirements</div><div><br></div><div>Relevant text:</div><div>> Any = technical, contractual, procedural, or policy-based measure that = </div><div>> has the effect of discouraging, delaying, = conditioning, or preventing </div><div>> access to the = Corresponding Resource constitutes a failure to comply = </div><div>> with the requirements of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>> Availability shall not be = conditioned on exclusive agreements, </div><div>> = non-disclosure obligations, account registration, payment, or = </div><div>> acceptance of terms inconsistent with this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Intent: </div><div>This = addresses modern access barriers common in hosted and SaaS-style = distribution models that are not explicitly handled in = GPL.</div><div><br></div><div>---</div><div><br></div><div>5. Managed = platforms and technological measures</div><div><br></div><div>Relevant = text:</div><div>> The obligations created by this License arise = exclusively from its </div><div>> operative provisions and are = independent of such external constraints.</div><div><br></div><div>> = Technical mechanisms =E2=80=A6 are permitted provided that such = mechanisms </div><div>> do not prevent recipients from = accessing, modifying, or conveying </div><div>> the = Corresponding Resource of the covered Work under the terms of = </div><div>> this License.</div><div><br></div><div>Intent: = </div><div>This generalizes anti-tivoization principles to managed = and platform-controlled environments, without prohibiting legitimate = security = mechanisms.</div><div><br></div><div>---</div><div><br></div><div>If = this format is useful, I can extract additional points in the same way = for further discussion.</div><div><br></div><div>Thank you for taking = the time to review this.</div><div><br></div><div>Best regards, = </div><div>Mehmet Samet Duman </div><div>Author of Project = Tick</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div>Bruce Perens = <[email protected]> =C5=9Funlar=C4=B1 yazd=C4=B1 (22 Oca 2026 = 06:14):</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><div><div = dir=3D"ltr"><br><div>I would like you to extract the relevant text = for each of the 5 points you'd like feedback upon, and present the = relevant and innovative text, only, with each point. I think this would = be a manageable chunk that people could look at and comment upon without = taking a large part of their day. I don't represent anyone but me, = but given the dearth of other participation so far, I am assuming that = other folks would like that too.</div><div><br></div><div> = Thanks</div><div><br></div><div> Bruce</div></div><br><div = class=3D"gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir=3D"ltr" = class=3D"gmail_attr">On Wed, Jan 21, 2026 at 3:56=E2=80=AFPM M.samet = Duman <<a = href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a= >> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" = style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid = rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div><div>Hello Bruce, = </div><div>Hello all,</div><div><br></div><div>Thank you for the = feedback. Based on it, I am sharing a revised draft of the Project Tick = General Public License v2.</div><div><br></div><div>To avoid unnecessary = review burden, I want to be explicit about what feedback I am asking for = and what I am not:</div><div><br></div><div><div>- I am aware of the = concern regarding GPL text derivation; this draft does = not</div><div> assert originality of expression and is presented = solely to discuss</div><div> behavioral differences, not to = request approval of a new GPL variant.</div></div><div>- I am not asking = for a line-by-line legal review of the entire text.</div><div>- I am not = claiming originality of wording relative to GPL text.</div><div>- I am = asking whether the specific behavioral mechanisms described below = are</div><div> useful, redundant, or problematic from an Open = Source Definition perspective.</div><div><br></div><div>In particular, = feedback is requested only on these points:</div><div><br></div><div>- = Explicit opt-in treatment of network-based source obligations = </div><div>- Separation of operation from conveyance as legal = concepts </div><div>- Narrow, explicit definition of Corresponding = Resource for service deployment </div><div>- Clear fencing of all = explanatory material as non-normative </div><div>- Absence of any = ecosystem-level interpretive or compatibility = authority</div><div><br></div><div>The full draft is included below the = signature for reference only, since the license has not yet been = published elsewhere. No approval is requested at this = stage.</div><div><br></div><div>If it would be preferable, I am happy to = extract and discuss only individual clauses in = follow-up.</div><div><br></div><div>Thank you again for the candid = feedback and time.</div><div><br></div><div>Best regards, = </div><div>Mehmet Samet Duman </div><div>Author of Project = Tick</div><div><br></div><div>=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93= =E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2= =80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80= =93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93= =E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2= =80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80= =93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93= =E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2= =80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93=E2=80=93</div><div>Bel= ow is the current draft of the Project Tick General Public = License,</div><div>Version 2. This text is provided for reference and = discussion only and is not yet</div><div>finalized or = published.</div><div><br></div><div><div>PROJECT TICK GENERAL PUBLIC = LICENSE</div><div>Version 2, 2 February = 2026</div><div><br></div><div>Copyright (C) 2026 Project Tick <<a = href=3D"https://projecttick.org/" = target=3D"_blank">https://projecttick.org/</a>></div><div>Everyone is = permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies</div><div>of this = license document, but changing it is not allowed.</div><div>This is the = canonical text of the Project Tick General Public</div><div>License, = Version 2. Works licensed under this text are = governed</div><div>exclusively by Version 2 of the License, unless the = applicable</div><div>copyright holder explicitly authorizes the use of = another = version.</div><div><br></div><div>Preamble</div><div><br></div><div>The = Project Tick General Public License is a copyright-based = copyleft</div><div>license intended for software programs, as designated = by the applicable</div><div>copyright holder. Unless expressly stated = otherwise, this License</div><div>applies to the Work solely in its = capacity as software.</div><div><br></div><div>This License is designed = to ensure that recipients of a covered Work</div><div>can effectively = access, study, modify, and share that Work, without</div><div>being = subjected to restrictions that undermine the practical = exercise</div><div>of those rights.</div><div><br></div><div>By applying = this License, a copyright holder authorizes recipients to</div><div>use, = modify, and convey the Work under a consistent set of = conditions.</div><div>Any party that conveys a covered Work must do so = in a manner that</div><div>preserves the same rights and obligations for = all downstream recipients.</div><div><br></div><div>This License places = particular emphasis on the availability of the</div><div>Work in forms = suitable for modification and reuse. Where a covered Work</div><div>is = conveyed together with its preferred form for modification, = access</div><div>to that form must be provided in a manner consistent = with this License.</div><div>A copy of this License must accompany all = conveyances of the Work.</div><div><br></div><div>The License also = defines the scope of permitted use, modification, = and</div><div>conveyance in a clear and predictable manner, while = disclaiming</div><div>warranties for the Work. Unless the copyright = holder explicitly states</div><div>otherwise, this License does not = impose any obligation to distribute</div><div>future versions of a Work = under the same terms.</div><div><br></div><div>Some devices or = deployment environments may impose technical or = design</div><div>constraints that affect the execution of modified = versions of a Work.</div><div>The obligations created by this License = arise exclusively from its</div><div>operative provisions and are = independent of such external constraints.</div><div><br></div><div>Each = contributor to a covered Work grants a non-exclusive, = worldwide,</div><div>royalty-free patent license limited to what is = necessary to exercise</div><div>the rights granted under this License = with respect to that = contributor=E2=80=99s</div><div>contributions.</div><div><br></div><div>Th= is License preserves the core freedoms and obligations = commonly</div><div>associated with established copyleft licenses, while = explicitly</div><div>extending those principles to network-based = operation, managed</div><div>deployment environments, and = service-oriented use cases that are</div><div>not consistently addressed = by traditional distribution-focused models.</div><div><br></div><div>In = practical terms, this License is intended to be = understandable</div><div>and usable by individual developers, small = teams, and community</div><div>projects, not only by legal experts. It = does not require permission</div><div>to use or study the Work, and it = does not restrict private,</div><div>experimental, or non-public use. = Its obligations apply only when</div><div>the Work is shared with others = or used to provide its functionality</div><div>to the = public.</div><div><br></div><div>This License does not require = network-based source disclosure</div><div>unless the copyright holder = has expressly chosen to enable such</div><div>obligations by an Explicit = Network Use Notice.</div><div><br></div><div>The binding terms governing = use, modification, and conveyance of</div><div>covered Works are set = forth = below.</div><div><br></div><div>------------------------------------------= ---------------------------------</div><div>------------------------------= ---------------------------------------------</div><div>------------------= ------ TERMS AND CONDITIONS = -----------------------------</div><div>----------------------------------= -----------------------------------------</div><div>----------------------= -----------------------------------------------------</div><div>----------= -----------------------------------------------------------------</div><di= v>------------------ PART I =E2=80=94 CORE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS = -------------------</div><div>The provisions of this Part define the = essential permissions, conditions, -</div><div>and obligations of this = License. Compliance with this Part is mandatory for</div><div>any use, = modification, operation, or conveyance of a covered Work. = --------</div><div>-------------------------------------------------------= --------------------</div><div><br></div><div>I. = Definitions.</div><div><br></div><div>"This License" refers to the = Project Tick General Public License,</div><div>Version = 2.</div><div><br></div><div>"Compatible License" means a license that is = compatible with this</div><div>License under applicable copyright law, = without imposing additional</div><div>restrictions on the exercise of = the rights granted under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>"Copyright" refers to laws similar to = copyright that apply to other</div><div>types of Works, such as = semiconductor chips.</div><div><br></div><div>"Work" means a software = program licensed under this License.</div><div>Each licensee is referred = to as "you". "Recipients" may be</div><div>individuals or = organizations.</div><div><br></div><div>To "modify" a Work means to copy = from or adapt all or part of the</div><div>Work in a fashion requiring = copyright permission, other than the</div><div>making of an exact = copy. The resulting Work is called a "modified</div><div>version" = of the earlier Work or a Work "based on" the earlier = Work.</div><div><br></div><div>To "convey" a Work means any kind of = propagation that enables other</div><div>parties to make or receive = copies of the Work. Mere interaction with</div><div>a user through a = computer network, without the transfer of a copy,</div><div>does not by = itself constitute conveying.</div><div><br></div><div>"Explicit Network = Use Notice" means a clear and prominent notice</div><div>placed by the = copyright holder stating that operation of the Work</div><div>through a = computer network shall be treated as conveying for = the</div><div>purposes of source = availability.</div><div><br></div><div>To "operate" a Work means to run, = deploy, or make functional use</div><div>of the Work for the primary = purpose of providing its functionality</div><div>or output to third = parties as a service or system, whether directly</div><div>or = indirectly, including through a computer network, where such = parties</div><div>are not under the direct control of the = operator.</div><div><br></div><div>A "Library Work" is a Work that is = designed to provide reusable</div><div>functionality intended to be = linked, imported, or otherwise combined</div><div>with other independent = Works, without, by its nature, forming a single</div><div>Combined Work = merely by being present.</div><div><br></div><div>"User Product" means = (1) any tangible personal property which is</div><div>normally used for = personal, family, or domestic purposes, and (2)</div><div>anything = designed or sold for incorporation into a dwelling. = In</div><div>determining whether a product is a User Product, doubtful = cases shall</div><div>be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular = product received</div><div>by a particular user, "normally used" refers = to the typical or common</div><div>use of that class of product, = regardless of the status of the particular</div><div>user or the way in = which the particular user actually uses, expects</div><div>to use, or is = expected to use the product.</div><div><br></div><div>"Installation = Information" for a User Product means any methods,</div><div>procedures, = authorization keys, or other information required to</div><div>install = and run modified versions of a covered Work in that = User</div><div>Product from a modified version of its Corresponding = Resource. The</div><div>information must be sufficient to ensure that = the continued operation</div><div>of the modified object code is not = prevented or interfered with solely</div><div>because the Work has been = modified.</div><div><br></div><div>A "Combined Work" is a Work produced = by linking, importing, or</div><div>otherwise combining a Library Work = with another independent Work,</div><div>whether statically or = dynamically.</div><div><br></div><div>An interactive user interface = displays "Appropriate Legal Notices"</div><div>to the extent that it = includes a convenient and prominently visible</div><div>feature that (1) = displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)</div><div>tells the = user that there is no warranty for the Work (except to = the</div><div>extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may = convey the</div><div>Work under this License, and how to view a copy of = this License. If</div><div>the interface presents a list of user = commands or options, such as a</div><div>menu, a prominent item in the = list meets this = criterion.</div><div><br></div><div>--------------------------------------= -------------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>II. = Source Code and Corresponding Resource.</div><div><br></div><div>"Source = Code" means the preferred form of the Work for = making</div><div>modifications to it. It includes all files, = definitions, scripts,</div><div>build instructions, and materials = necessary to understand, modify,</div><div>build, install, and run the = Work in practice, in a form that is</div><div>reasonably suitable for = editing. "Object Code" means any form of</div><div>the Work that is not = Source Code. Deliberate obfuscation, minification,</div><div>code = generation output without the corresponding human-readable = input,</div><div>or any other transformation that materially impairs the = readability,</div><div>auditability, or modifiability of the Work shall = not be considered</div><div>Source Code. "Standard Interface" refers to = either a formal standard</div><div>defined by a recognized standards = organization, or, where applicable,</div><div>an interface that is = widely used and publicly documented among</div><div>practitioners = working in the relevant language, platform, or</div><div>ecosystem. The = "System Libraries" of an executable Work include</div><div>components = that (1) are included as part of the normal packaging</div><div>of a = Main Component, but are not part of the Work itself, and = (2)</div><div>serve only to enable use of the Work with that Main = Component or</div><div>with an implementation of a Standard Interface. = In this context,</div><div>a "Main Component" refers to a kernel, = operating system, window</div><div>system, compiler, runtime, or object = code interpreter used to run</div><div>the Work. For a Work conveyed in = object code or other non-source form,</div><div>"Corresponding Resource" = means all Source Code required to generate,</div><div>install, run, and = modify the Work, including build scripts, = interface</div><div>definitions, and supporting code specifically = designed for or tightly</div><div>coupled to the Work. The Corresponding = Resource does not include System</div><div>Libraries, general-purpose = development tools, or third-party components</div><div>that are not = derived from the Work and are not required for its = modification</div><div>or the exercise of rights granted under this = License. Any portion of the Work</div><div>that is licensed under this = License must remain licensed under this License.</div><div>This License = does not require relicensing of independent third-party = components.</div><div>For a Work conveyed in Source Code form, the = Source Code itself constitutes the</div><div>Corresponding = Resource.</div><div><br></div><div>---------------------------------------= ------------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>III. = Transmission of Modified Source Versions.</div><div><br></div><div>You = may convey a Work based on the Work, or modifications derived = from</div><div>the Work, in Source Code form under the terms of Section = 5, provided</div><div>that you also comply with all of the following = conditions:</div><div><br></div><div> a) The modified Work must = contain prominent notices stating that you</div><div> = have modified it, together with the date of each such = modification.</div><div><br></div><div> b) The modified Work must = contain clear notices stating that it is</div><div> = licensed under this License, together with any applicable = additional</div><div> permissions expressly permitted = under this License. Such notices may</div><div> = replace or update existing notices to accurately reflect the = modified</div><div> status of the = Work.</div><div><br></div><div> c) You must license the modified = Work, as a whole, under this License</div><div> to = any recipient who receives a copy of it. This License, and = any</div><div> applicable additional permissions = permitted by it, shall therefore</div><div> apply to = the modified Work and all of its parts, regardless of how = they</div><div> are packaged or = distributed.</div><div><br></div><div>This License does not permit = relicensing of the modified Work under</div><div>different terms. = However, this provision does not invalidate permissions</div><div>that = you may have obtained separately and independently from = the</div><div>copyright holders of portions of the = Work.</div><div><br></div><div> d) If the modified Work includes = interactive user interfaces, such</div><div> = interfaces must display Appropriate Legal Notices, unless the = original</div><div> Work did not include such notices = and the nature of the interface makes</div><div> = their display impractical or = unreasonable.</div><div><br></div><div> e) If the modified Work is = a Library Work, the Library Work itself must</div><div> = remain licensed under this License. Linking, importing, or = otherwise</div><div> using a Library Work in = combination with other independent Works does</div><div> = not remove or alter the obligations imposed by this License on = the</div><div> Library Work itself, nor does it grant = permission to relicense the</div><div> Library Work = under different terms.</div><div><br></div><div>A compilation of a = covered Work with other separate and independent</div><div>Works that = are not, by their nature, extensions of the covered Work = and</div><div>that are not combined with it to form a single unified = Work is referred</div><div>to as an "aggregate". The inclusion of a = covered Work in an aggregate</div><div>does not cause this License to = apply to the other Works in the aggregate,</div><div>provided that the = compilation and its conveyance do not impose</div><div>additional = restrictions on the rights granted under this License = with</div><div>respect to the covered = Work.</div><div><br></div><div>-------------------------------------------= --------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>IV. = Transmission of Non-Source Formats.</div><div><br></div><div>For the = purposes of this Section, "Network Interaction" means = operation</div><div>of a Work through a computer network primarily for = the purpose of</div><div>providing its functionality or output to third = parties, regardless of</div><div>whether a copy of the Work is = transferred.</div><div><br></div><div>This provision is not intended to = discourage legitimate service</div><div>deployment, experimentation, or = community-hosted use of covered</div><div>Works. Its purpose is solely = to ensure that recipients interacting</div><div>with a covered Work = through a network are afforded the same practical</div><div>freedoms to = access, study, and modify the Work as recipients who</div><div>receive = copies through traditional distribution.</div><div><br></div><div>In = particular, this License does not require disclosure of = unrelated</div><div>systems, independent services, or proprietary = infrastructure that</div><div>are not derived from the covered Work = itself.</div><div><br></div><div>Operating a covered Work through = Network Interaction primarily for the</div><div>purpose of providing its = functionality or output to the public may be</div><div>treated as = conveying the Work where the copyright holder has = expressly</div><div>required such treatment by an explicit notice solely = for the purposes</div><div>of triggering the source availability = obligations set forth in this</div><div>License. This does not include = internal, private, testing, development,</div><div>or incidental uses = that do not primarily provide the Work=E2=80=99s = functionality</div><div>to the public. In accordance with Sections 4 and = 5, you may convey a</div><div>covered Work in object code or other = non-source form, provided that the</div><div>Corresponding Resource of = the Work is made available under the terms of</div><div>this License in = a machine-readable form. The Corresponding Resource must</div><div>be = made available in a manner that is no less accessible, timely, and = usable</div><div>than the object code = itself.</div><div><br></div><div> a) You may convey the object = code in, or embodied in, a physical</div><div> = product (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied = by</div><div> the Corresponding Resource fixed on a = durable physical medium</div><div> customarily used = for software exchange.</div><div><br></div><div> b) You may convey = the object code in, or embodied in, a physical</div><div> = product (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by = a</div><div> written offer, valid for at least three = years and for as long as you</div><div> offer spare = parts, updates, or customer support for that product</div><div> = model, to provide any recipient with = either:</div><div><br></div><div> (1) a copy = of the Corresponding Resource for all covered Works in</div><div> = the product, on a durable physical = medium customarily used for</div><div> = software exchange, for a price no higher than the = reasonable</div><div> cost of = physically performing this transmission; = or</div><div><br></div><div> (2) immediate and = unrestricted access to copy the Corresponding</div><div> = Resource through any reasonable and publicly = accessible means.</div><div><br></div><div>The refusal or non-acceptance = of such a written offer by any recipient</div><div>does not relieve you = of the obligation to ensure that the</div><div>Corresponding Resource = remains publicly available under this License</div><div>for the duration = required by this Section.</div><div><br></div><div> c) You may = convey individual copies of the object code together with = a</div><div> copy of the written offer described in = subsection (b), but only</div><div> occasionally, for = non-commercial purposes, and only if you received</div><div> = the object code accompanied by such an = offer.</div><div><br></div><div> d) You may convey the object code = by offering access from a designated</div><div> = location, free of charge or for a fee, provided that equivalent = access</div><div> to the Corresponding Resource is = offered in the same manner, without</div><div> delay, = additional conditions, or practical barriers. If the = object</div><div> code is offered from a network = server, the Corresponding Resource may</div><div> be = hosted on a different server operated by you or by a third = party,</div><div> provided that clear, prominent, and = persistent instructions are given</div><div> = alongside the object code indicating where and how the = Corresponding</div><div> Resource may be = obtained.</div><div><br></div><div>Any technical, contractual, = procedural, or policy-based measure that</div><div>has the effect of = discouraging, delaying, conditioning, or preventing</div><div>access to = the Corresponding Resource constitutes a failure to = comply</div><div>with the requirements of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div> e) You may convey the object = code using peer-to-peer transmission,</div><div> = provided that you clearly inform all peers where the object code = and</div><div> the Corresponding Resource are being = offered to the general public,</div><div> free of = charge, under the terms of this License.</div><div><br></div><div>A = separable portion of the object code whose source is excluded = from</div><div>the Corresponding Resource as a System Library need not = be included in</div><div>the transmission of the object code. If you = convey an object code Work</div><div>under this Section in, with, or = specifically for use in a User Product,</div><div>and the conveyance = occurs as part of a transaction transferring the right</div><div>of = possession or use of the User Product to the recipient, the = Corresponding</div><div>Resource must be accompanied by the Installation = Information. This requirement</div><div>does not apply if neither you = nor any third party retains the ability to</div><div>install modified = object code on the User Product. The Corresponding = Resource</div><div>and any Installation Information provided under this = Section must be in a</div><div>publicly documented format, must not = impose additional restrictions that</div><div>materially limit the = practical ability of recipients to exercise the rights</div><div>granted = under this License to access, and must remain available for as = long</div><div>as necessary to satisfy the requirements of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>V. = Termination.</div><div><br></div><div>You may not convey, or modify a = covered Work except as</div><div>expressly permitted under this License. = Any attempt to do so otherwise</div><div>is void and shall automatically = terminate your rights under this</div><div>License. However, if you = cease all violations of this License, your</div><div>rights under this = License from a particular copyright holder are</div><div>reinstated = provisionally, unless and until that copyright = holder</div><div>explicitly and finally terminates those = rights.</div><div><br></div><div>Your rights are reinstated permanently = if the copyright holder fails to</div><div>notify you of the violation = by reasonable means within sixty (60) days</div><div>after the cessation = of the violation.</div><div><br></div><div>Additionally, your rights are = reinstated permanently if this is the</div><div>first time you have = received notice of a violation of this License from</div><div>that = copyright holder, and you cure the violation within thirty = (30)</div><div>days after receiving such = notice.</div><div><br></div><div>Termination of your rights under this = Section does not terminate the</div><div>licenses of any parties who = have received copies of the Work, or rights</div><div>under this = License, from you prior to such = termination.</div><div><br></div><div>------------------------------------= ---------------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>VI. = Acceptance Not Required for Possession or = Use.</div><div><br></div><div>You are not required to accept this = License in order to receive,</div><div>possess, or use a copy of a = covered Work. The mere act of downloading,</div><div>receiving, storing, = or executing the Work does not constitute acceptance</div><div>of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Propagation or conveyance of a covered = Work that occurs solely as an</div><div>automatic, incidental, or = passive consequence of using a network,</div><div>distribution system, = or peer-to-peer transmission to receive a copy</div><div>likewise does = not require acceptance of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>However, nothing other than this = License grants you permission to</div><div>convey, or modify a covered = Work. Any such actions without</div><div>authorization under this = License constitute copyright infringement.</div><div><br></div><div>By = propagating, conveying, or modifying a covered Work, you = indicate</div><div>your acceptance of this License and all of its terms = and conditions</div><div>with respect to those = actions.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>VII. = Automatic Licensing of Downstream = Recipients.</div><div><br></div><div>The license granted to recipients = of a covered Work arises solely by</div><div>operation of this License = and not by virtue of any separate agreement,</div><div>contract, or = policy.</div><div><br></div><div>Each time you convey a covered Work, = the recipient automatically</div><div>receives a license directly from = the original licensors to use,</div><div>operate, study, modify, and = convey that Work, subject to the terms and</div><div>conditions of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>You are not responsible for enforcing = compliance with this License by</div><div>third = parties.</div><div><br></div><div>An "entity transaction" means a = transaction that transfers control of</div><div>an organization, = transfers substantially all of its assets, subdivides</div><div>an = organization, or merges organizations. If conveyance of a = covered</div><div>Work results from an entity transaction, each party to = that transaction</div><div>who receives a copy of the Work also receives = any licenses to the Work</div><div>that the predecessor in interest had = or could grant under this License,</div><div>together with the right to = receive the Corresponding Resource of the</div><div>Work, if the = predecessor possesses it or can obtain it with = reasonable</div><div>effort.</div><div><br></div><div>You may not impose = any additional legal, contractual, technical, or</div><div>policy-based = restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted or</div><div>affirmed = under this License. Any attempt to impose such = further</div><div>restrictions is void and shall not affect the rights = of recipients</div><div>under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>VIII. = Patents.</div><div><br></div><div>A "Contributor" is a copyright holder = who authorizes the use of a</div><div>covered Work under this License. = The Work so licensed is referred to</div><div>as the Contributor=E2=80=99s= "Contributor Version".</div><div><br></div><div>Each Contributor grants = to every recipient of the Contributor Version</div><div>a non-exclusive, = worldwide, royalty-free, irrevocable patent license</div><div>under any = patent claims owned or controlled by that Contributor, to</div><div>the = extent that such claims are necessarily infringed by the = use,</div><div>operation, modification, or conveyance of the Contributor = Version in</div><div>a manner permitted by this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>This patent license applies only to = those patent claims that are</div><div>unavoidably infringed by = exercising the rights granted under this</div><div>License with respect = to the Contributor Version. It does not extend</div><div>to patent = claims that would be infringed solely as a result of = further</div><div>modification, combination, or use beyond the scope of = the Contributor</div><div>Version.</div><div><br></div><div>If you = convey a covered Work, you may not rely on, assert, or = enforce</div><div>any patent license, agreement, covenant, or = arrangement that would</div><div>result in any recipient being denied = the full exercise of the rights</div><div>granted under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Any patent license granted in = connection with a covered Work must be</div><div>non-discriminatory and = must extend equally to all recipients of that</div><div>Work under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Nothing in this License shall be = construed as limiting, excluding, or</div><div>waiving any implied = patent license, patent exhaustion doctrine, or</div><div>other defenses = to patent infringement that may be available under</div><div>applicable = law.</div><div><br></div><div>--------------------------------------------= -------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>IX. Linking and = Combined Works.</div><div><br></div><div>A Library Work covered by this = License may be linked, combined, or</div><div>otherwise integrated with = an independent Work, whether statically or</div><div>dynamically, = without causing this License to apply to the independent</div><div>Work = as a whole, provided that the terms of this Section are = satisfied.</div><div><br></div><div>The Library Work itself, and any = modifications to it, must remain</div><div>licensed under this License. = Any party conveying a modified version of</div><div>the Library Work, or = a Combined Work containing a modified Library Work,</div><div>must = comply with the terms of this License with respect to the = Library</div><div>Work.</div><div><br></div><div>You must not restrict = the ability of recipients to modify the Library</div><div>Work and to = relink or otherwise use a modified version of the Library</div><div>Work = with the Combined Work. This includes providing the = necessary</div><div>source code, interface information, and build = mechanisms required to</div><div>enable such modification and = relinking.</div><div><br></div><div>A Combined Work that merely links = to, imports, or uses a Library Work</div><div>through its defined = interfaces shall not be required to be licensed</div><div>under this = License, provided that the Library Work remains separable</div><div>and = replaceable.</div><div><br></div><div>Mere aggregation of independent = Works, or communication between</div><div>independent Works through = standard interfaces, inter-process</div><div>communication, command-line = invocation, or network protocols, does not</div><div>by itself cause = this License to apply to such independent = Works.</div><div><br></div><div>------------------------------------------= ---------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>X. Equal = Access to Corresponding Resource.</div><div><br></div><div>Where access = to a covered Work or its Corresponding Resource is granted</div><div>to = any recipient, such access must be provided in a manner = consistent</div><div>with the requirements of this License and must not = impose additional</div><div>restrictions that materially and = demonstrably impair the ability of</div><div>recipients to exercise the = rights granted herein.</div><div><br></div><div>Differences in timing, = format, location, or method of access shall not</div><div>constitute a = violation of this License unless they have the = practical</div><div>effect of preventing or significantly hindering = recipients from</div><div>understanding, modifying, or reusing the = Work.</div><div><br></div><div>The Corresponding Resource must be = provided in a form that is reasonably</div><div>usable and modifiable by = a competent developer using commonly = available</div><div>tools.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------= -----------------------------------------------------</div><div><br></div>= <div>XI. Protection of Contributor Rights.</div><div><br></div><div>No = agreement, policy, contract, or other arrangement may = retroactively</div><div>restrict, revoke, or nullify the rights granted = to a Contributor under</div><div>this License with respect to their = contributions.</div><div><br></div><div>Any additional agreement = affecting a Contributor=E2=80=99s contributions must</div><div>not = diminish the permissions, freedoms, or protections granted by = this</div><div>License to that Contributor or to recipients of the = covered Work.</div><div><br></div><div>If conditions are imposed upon = you, whether by court order, agreement,</div><div>policy, or otherwise, = that contradict the conditions of this License,</div><div>such = conditions do not excuse you from complying with this License. = If</div><div>you cannot convey a covered Work in a manner that = simultaneously</div><div>satisfies your obligations under this License = and any other applicable</div><div>obligations, then you may not convey = the covered Work at all.</div><div><br></div><div>You may not impose, = accept, or pass through any obligation that has the</div><div>effect of = restricting, conditioning, or discouraging the exercise of</div><div>the = rights granted under this License by recipients of the covered = Work.</div><div>For example, if you agree to terms that require the = collection of fees,</div><div>royalties, or other consideration as a = condition of further conveyance,</div><div>and such terms are = incompatible with this License, you must refrain</div><div>entirely from = conveying the covered Work under those = terms.</div><div><br></div><div>------------------------------------------= ---------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>XII. Uniform = Exercise of Rights.</div><div><br></div><div>Where a covered Work is = conveyed, distributed, or made available in</div><div>object code, = executable, operational, or service form, the</div><div>Corresponding = Resource for that Work must be made available under = this</div><div>License no later than the time at which such form is = first provided to</div><div>any recipient.</div><div><br></div><div>A = difference in timing, manner, or conditions under which access to = the</div><div>Work or its Corresponding Resource is provided shall = constitute a</div><div>violation of this License only where such = difference materially and</div><div>demonstrably prevents recipients = from exercising the rights granted</div><div>under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Nothing in this Section shall be = construed to prohibit staged releases,</div><div>differentiated = distribution models, or varied access arrangements,</div><div>provided = that the Corresponding Resource is made available in a = manner</div><div>consistent with the requirements of this License and = without imposing</div><div>additional restrictions on the exercise of = the rights granted herein.</div><div><br></div><div>The rights granted = under this License apply equally to all recipients</div><div>and all = fields of endeavor. No restriction or condition may be = imposed</div><div>that limits the exercise of such rights based on the = nature, identity,</div><div>or purpose of the = recipient.</div><div><br></div><div>The rights granted under this = License may not be negated or restricted</div><div>by separate = agreements, policies, or contractual terms to the extent</div><div>that = such terms conflict with this License.</div><div><br></div><div>Where a = covered Work is operated as part of a larger system, = service,</div><div>or deployment, the Corresponding Resource shall = include only the source</div><div>code of the covered Work itself and = any modifications thereto, and does</div><div>not require the disclosure = of independent works or system components</div><div>that are not derived = from the covered = Work.</div><div><br></div><div>-------------------------------------------= --------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>XIII. = Disclaimer of Warranty.</div><div><br></div><div>TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT = PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE WORK IS PROVIDED</div><div>"AS IS" AND = WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. EXCEPT WHERE OTHERWISE</div><div>EXPRESSLY = STATED IN WRITING, THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER = PARTIES</div><div>PROVIDE THE WORK WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED = WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,</div><div>BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES = OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR</div><div>A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, = OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO</div><div>THE QUALITY, = PERFORMANCE, AND FUNCTIONALITY OF THE WORK IS WITH YOU.</div><div>SHOULD = THE WORK PROVE DEFECTIVE OR FAIL TO OPERATE AS EXPECTED, = YOU</div><div>ASSUME ALL COSTS OF NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR, = CORRECTION, OR = REMEDIATION.</div><div><br></div><div>------------------------------------= ---------------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>XIV. = Limitation of Liability.</div><div><br></div><div>TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT = PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL</div><div>ANY COPYRIGHT = HOLDER, CONTRIBUTOR, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES,</div><div>CONVEYS, = OR OTHERWISE MAKES THE WORK AVAILABLE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR</div><div>ANY = DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, = DIRECT,</div><div>INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, = EXEMPLARY, OR</div><div>PUNITIVE DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF OR IN = CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF, OR</div><div>INABILITY TO USE, THE WORK, = EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE</div><div>POSSIBILITY OF SUCH = DAMAGES.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>XV. = Interpretation of Sections XIII and XIV.</div><div><br></div><div>If the = disclaimer of warranty or limitation of liability set forth = in</div><div>Sections XIII and XIV of this License cannot be given full = legal effect</div><div>under applicable local law, such provisions shall = be enforced to the</div><div>maximum extent permitted by that = law.</div><div><br></div><div>In such cases, courts shall apply the = local law in a manner that most</div><div>closely approximates an = absolute exclusion or limitation of civil</div><div>liability in = connection with the Work, consistent with the intent = of</div><div>Sections XIII and XIV, unless a warranty or assumption of = liability</div><div>accompanies a copy of the Work in return for a = fee.</div><div><br></div><div>--------------------------------------------= -------------------------------</div><div>--------------------------------= -------------------------------------------</div><div>-------- PART II = =E2=80=94 NETWORK-BASED OPERATION AND PLATFORM = CONSTRAINTS--------</div><div>This Part clarifies how the core = obligations of this License apply when ---</div><div>a covered Work is = operated, deployed, or made available as part of a = ------</div><div>network-accessible service or managed system. THIS PART = IS NON-NORMATIVE. -</div><div>Nothing in this Part creates additional = permissions, obligations, or ------</div><div>restrictions beyond those = expressly set forth in Part I. = ------------------</div><div>---------------------------------------------= ------------------------------</div><div>---------------------------------= ------------------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>I. = Design Intent and Scope (Non-Normative)</div><div><br></div><div>This = License is intentionally designed to address deployment = models</div><div>and technical realities that are insufficiently covered = by existing</div><div>copyleft licenses, including but not limited = to:</div><div><br></div><div>- Network-based service operation without = distribution</div><div>- Managed deployment environments and = platform-controlled systems</div><div>- Modern software supply chains = involving orchestration and service glue</div><div><br></div><div>The = operative provisions of this License reflect these goals = directly.</div><div>This explanatory section is non-normative and does = not modify the legal</div><div>terms of the = License.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>II. = Authority of Interpretation.</div><div><br></div><div>The terms of this = License shall be interpreted according to their</div><div>plain meaning = and intent, as expressed in the text of this License,</div><div>and in = accordance with applicable law. No person or organization = may</div><div>grant permissions, exceptions, or interpretations that = purport to</div><div>modify the terms of this License or impose = additional obligations</div><div>beyond those expressly stated herein, = except by the applicable</div><div>copyright holder with respect to = their own contributions.</div><div>Any statements, policies, guidance = documents, contractual terms,</div><div>or representations not expressly = incorporated into this License</div><div>shall have no effect on the = scope, interpretation, or enforcement</div><div>of the rights and = obligations granted under this License. Nothing</div><div>in this = section limits judicial interpretation, community = analysis,</div><div>academic commentary, or non-binding explanatory = materials, provided</div><div>that such materials do not claim to alter = or supersede the terms of</div><div>this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>III. = Protection of Users=E2=80=99 Legal Rights Against Technological = Measures.</div><div><br></div><div>No covered Work shall be considered = part of an effective technological</div><div>measure under Article 11 of = the WIPO Copyright Treaty of 20 December 1996,</div><div>or any similar = law, to the extent that such a measure is used primarily</div><div>to = restrict or prohibit the exercise of rights granted under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>By licensing, conveying, or otherwise = applying this License to a Work,</div><div>you agree not to assert any = legal right to prohibit or restrict the</div><div>circumvention of = technological measures where such circumvention is</div><div>necessary = to exercise the rights granted under this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>This Section does not prohibit the use = of technical mechanisms that are</div><div>designed solely to ensure = system integrity, security, authenticity, or</div><div>reliable = distribution, including but not limited to secure = boot</div><div>mechanisms, cryptographic signature verification, or = platform-level</div><div>distribution requirements, provided that such = mechanisms do not prevent</div><div>recipients from accessing, = modifying, or conveying the Corresponding</div><div>Resource of the = covered Work under the terms of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Any technological, contractual, legal, = or policy-based mechanism that,</div><div>in practice, conditions access = to the Corresponding Resource on payment,</div><div>exclusive = agreements, subscription status, customer classification, = or</div><div>acceptance of terms inconsistent with this License shall be = deemed a</div><div>technological measure for the purposes of this = Section.</div><div><br></div><div>Platform policies or distribution = requirements that apply uniformly,</div><div>without discrimination, and = that do not restrict the availability or</div><div>exercise of rights = granted under this License shall not, by = themselves,</div><div>constitute a violation of this = Section.</div><div><br></div><div>----------------------------------------= -----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>IV. = Additional Terms.</div><div><br></div><div>Nothing in this License = grants permission to relicense a Work in a</div><div>manner not = permitted by the terms under which that Work was = originally</div><div>licensed.</div><div><br></div><div>"Additional = permissions" are terms that supplement this License = by</div><div>granting limited exceptions to one or more of its = conditions, without</div><div>removing, weakening, or contradicting the = core requirements of = this</div><div>License.</div><div><br></div><div>Additional permissions = that apply to an entire Work shall be treated</div><div>as incorporated = into this License with respect to that Work, to the</div><div>extent = that they are valid under applicable law. Where = additional</div><div>permissions apply only to a specific portion of a = Work, that portion</div><div>may be used under those permissions, = provided that the Work as a whole</div><div>remains governed by this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>When conveying a Work covered by this = License, you are not required to</div><div>propagate additional = permissions that were granted by a previous</div><div>contributor, = unless such permissions are inseparable from the material</div><div>to = which they apply. Additional permissions may also be removed = when</div><div>modifying the Work, where such removal is necessary to = preserve the</div><div>consistency or intent of this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>You may place additional permissions = on material added by you to a</div><div>covered Work, provided that you = have the authority to grant such</div><div>permissions for that = material.</div><div><br></div><div>Notwithstanding the other provisions = of this License, additional</div><div>permissions applicable to material = added by you may include = terms</div><div>that:</div><div><br></div><div> a) disclaim = warranty or limit liability for that = material;</div><div><br></div><div> b) require that reasonable = legal notices or author attributions be</div><div> = preserved in Appropriate Legal Notices associated with that = material;</div><div><br></div><div> c) prohibit misrepresentation = of the origin of that material or require</div><div> = that modified versions be clearly marked as = such;</div><div><br></div><div> d) restrict the promotional use of = the names of licensors or authors</div><div> of that = material;</div><div><br></div><div> e) disclaim any rights under = trademark law to use specific trade names,</div><div> = trademarks, or service marks associated with that = material.</div><div><br></div><div>No additional permission may impose = conditions that restrict, negate,</div><div>or circumvent the = obligations of this License concerning source</div><div>availability, = copyleft requirements, network-based use, or the rights</div><div>of = recipients to use, modify, and redistribute the = Work.</div><div><br></div><div>Where additional permissions apply to a = Work, the applicable source</div><div>files must include a clear notice = describing those permissions or</div><div>indicating where the full text = of such permissions may be = found.</div><div><br></div><div>Notwithstanding the copyleft = requirements of this License, a covered</div><div>Work may be combined, = linked, or otherwise used together with a Work</div><div>licensed under = a Compatible License, provided that such</div><div>combination does not = impose additional restrictions on the covered</div><div>Work beyond = those permitted by this License.</div><div><br></div><div>A Work = licensed under a Compatible License shall be</div><div>considered, for = the purposes of this License, to be license-compatible</div><div>with = this License. Such compatibility applies solely for the = purposes</div><div>of combination, linking, and interoperability, and = does not alter the</div><div>copyleft requirements applicable to the = covered Work itself.</div><div><br></div><div>The designation of a = Compatible License does not grant</div><div>permission to relicense a = covered Work under that license, unless such</div><div>permission is = expressly stated by the applicable copyright = holder.</div><div><br></div><div>-----------------------------------------= ----------------------------------</div><div><br></div><div>V. Essential = Permissions.</div><div><br></div><div>All rights granted under this = License are granted for the full term of</div><div>copyright applicable = to the Work and are irrevocable, provided that</div><div>the conditions = of this License are satisfied. Subject to the terms = and</div><div>conditions of this License, you are permitted to use, = operate, study,</div><div>modify, and convey the Work. Operation of an = unmodified Work for private,</div><div>internal, testing, development, = or evaluation purposes does not, by itself,</div><div>impose any = obligation to convey the Work or make its Corresponding = Resource</div><div>available, except where expressly stated in this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>You may convey the Work, in original = or modified form, provided that</div><div>each recipient receives the = same rights and obligations under this</div><div>License, and that no = additional restrictions are imposed on the</div><div>exercise of those = rights.</div><div><br></div><div>You may engage third parties to perform = activities on your behalf</div><div>relating to the creation, = modification, operation, or display of the</div><div>Work, provided that = such activities are carried out under your</div><div>authorization and = that no copies of the Work are retained, conveyed,</div><div>or made = available beyond the scope of that engagement, except = as</div><div>permitted under this License.</div><div><br></div><div>If = the Work, or a modified version of the Work, is operated = primarily</div><div>for the purpose of providing its functionality or = output to third</div><div>parties through a computer network, including = via hosted, remote, or</div><div>internet-accessible services, such = operation may be treated as conveyance</div><div>solely for the purpose = of triggering the source availability obligations</div><div>expressly = set forth in this License, where an Explicit Network = Use</div><div>Notice applies. In such cases, the Corresponding Resource = of the Work</div><div>must be made publicly available under this License = in a reasonable,</div><div>timely, and accessible manner, at no = additional charge.</div><div><br></div><div>Any output resulting from = the operation of the Work is covered under</div><div>this License only = to the extent that such output itself constitutes,</div><div>in whole or = in part, a covered Work or a derivative = thereof.</div><div><br></div><div>Sublicensing of the Work as a separate = license grant is not permitted.</div><div>All rights granted to = recipients arise solely from this License and not</div><div>from any = separate license grant by an intermediary. This License = may</div><div>not be applied to a Work in a manner that subjects the = same Work, in</div><div>whole or in part, to additional or conflicting = license terms. 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However, such fees or services</div><div>shall not = be used to restrict, delay, condition, or discourage access</div><div>to = the Work or its Corresponding = Resource.</div><div><br></div><div>Distribution of the Work through = application stores, repositories, or</div><div>other controlled = platforms is permitted only to the extent that = such</div><div>distribution does not impose additional restrictions = beyond those</div><div>permitted by this = License.</div><div><br></div><div>Clear, prominent, and persistent = instructions for obtaining the</div><div>Corresponding Resource must be = provided alongside the Work, and such</div><div>resource must be = accessible to the general public through any reasonable</div><div>and = publicly accessible means without undue = barriers.</div><div><br></div><div>For the avoidance of doubt, = Corresponding Resource includes only</div><div>those configuration or = integration components that are specifically</div><div>written to make = the covered Work function as a network-accessible</div><div>service, and = does not include general infrastructure or unrelated</div><div>systems. = This obligation applies regardless of whether such code = is</div><div>characterized as =E2=80=9Cglue code=E2=80=9D, = =E2=80=9Cinfrastructure code=E2=80=9D, or = =E2=80=9Cdeployment</div><div>configuration=E2=80=9D.</div><div><br></div>= <div>---------------------------------------------------------------------= ------</div><div><br></div><div>END OF TERMS AND = CONDITIONS</div></div><div><br></div><div><br><blockquote = type=3D"cite"><div>Bruce Perens <<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" = target=3D"_blank">[email protected]</a>> =C5=9Funlar=C4=B1 yazd=C4=B1 = (22 Oca 2026 01:01):</div><br><div><div dir=3D"ltr">First, this is = substantially derivative of GPL text, which itself has terms preventing = its modification. If you are not going to get the permission of FSF, you = should fix that. And FSF may not grant permission in the interest of = reducing license propagation. <div><br></div><div>Second, although = you have stated your design goals, you have not shown what language = achieves those goals and how it is different from existing licenses like = GPL. You should do that in detail, because this thing is big enough that = I don't want to spend hours decoding it and differentiating it from GPL, = and I doubt many other people would want to either, especially given the = likelyhood of this becoming a viable license with significant community = use - which is still very much in doubt. It would probably be = better for you to put up the language you think is innovative and we can = discuss those pieces.</div><div><br></div><div> = Thanks</div><div><br></div><div> Bruce</div></div><br><div = class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Wed, Jan = 21, 2026 at 10:10=E2=80=AFAM M.samet Duman via License-discuss <<a = href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" = target=3D"_blank">[email protected]</a>> = wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px = 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid = rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Hello all,<br> <br> Following the recent guidance, I am sharing this text here on = license-discuss rather than license-review.<br> <br> Below is the draft of the Project Tick General Public License, Version = 2.0 (only). This version is intended to be a stable release candidate, = but it is still open to refinement based on community feedback before = any formal submission.<br> <br> The design goals for v2.0 are:<br> <br> - To remain clearly within the GPLv3 / AGPLv3 family of strong copyleft = licenses <br> - To address network-based use explicitly, while avoiding technology- or = interface-specific mandates <br> - To focus on practical exercisability of rights rather than absolute or = rigid prohibitions <br> - To avoid unnecessary constraints on legitimate distribution models, = staged releases, or workflows, provided that recipient freedoms are not = materially impaired<br> <br> I would appreciate feedback specifically on:<br> - Any remaining Open Source Definition concerns <br> - Language that may be overly restrictive or ambiguous in practice = <br> - Areas where the intent may be clear to the author but unclear to = downstream users<br> <br> This is a draft for discussion only; no approval is being requested at = this stage.<br> <br> Thank you for your time and expertise.<br> <br> ---------<br> License text:<br> <br> PROJECT TICK GENERAL = PUBLIC LICENSE<br> Version = 2, 2 February 2026<br> <br> Copyright (C) 2026 Project Tick <<a = href=3D"https://projecttick.org/" rel=3D"noreferrer" = target=3D"_blank">https://projecttick.org/</a>><br> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies<br> of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.<br> This is the canonical text of the Project Tick General Public<br> License, Version 2. Works licensed under this text are = governed<br> exclusively by Version 2 of the License, unless the applicable<br> copyright holder explicitly authorizes the use of another = version.<br> <br> = Preamble<br> <br> The Project Tick General Public License is a copyright-based<br> copyleft license designed for use with software programs, where<br> explicitly designated by the applicable copyright holder.<br> Unless explicitly stated otherwise by the copyright holder, this<br> License applies to the Work as a software program.<br> <br> Many Works are distributed under licenses that restrict the<br> ability of recipients to use, modify, and redistribute them.<br> In contrast, this License is intended to ensure that all<br> recipients of a covered Work receive fundamental freedoms to<br> access, study, modify, and share that Work.<br> <br> Authors may apply this License to their Works to guarantee<br> that these freedoms are preserved when the Work is conveyed<br> to others, whether in original or modified form. 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Each file should<br> include at least a copyright notice and a reference to where the<br> full text of this License can be found.<br> <br> <Program name> =E2=80=94 <brief description of = what the Work does><br> Copyright (C) <year> <author or = organization><br> <br> This Work is released under the Project Tick General = Public License,<br> Version 2.<br> <br> This License grants you the right to use, operate, study, = modify, and<br> convey this Work, provided that all conditions of the = PT-GPL-2.0-only<br> are fully respected. Any distribution or other conveyance = of this Work,<br> whether in original or modified form, must preserve these = rights and<br> the corresponding obligations for all recipients.<br> <br> This Work is provided for practical use and = experimentation, but it is<br> distributed strictly on an "AS IS" basis. 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All risks = arising from the<br> use, operation, or modification of this Work are assumed = entirely by<br> the user.<br> <br> Whenever this Work is conveyed in any form, a complete = copy of the<br> Project Tick General Public License, Version 2, must be = included.<br> If the License text is not distributed alongside the Work = itself, it<br> must be made available through a clear, persistent, and = publicly<br> accessible location, in a manner fully consistent with the = requirements<br> of the License.<br> <br> You are encouraged to include information on how to contact = the<br> author or maintainer of the program by electronic means.<br> <br> If the program provides an interactive user interface, = whether<br> through a terminal, graphical interface, or network-based system,<br> it should display Appropriate Legal Notices in a reasonable and<br> prominent manner. Such notices should include a copyright notice,<br> a statement that the program is provided without warranty, and<br> information on how to view a copy of this License.<br> <br> If you develop the program as part of your employment, = education,<br> or under contract, you should ensure that no conflicting claims<br> exist with respect to the copyright of the program, or that any<br> required permissions or disclaimers have been obtained.<br> <br> This License is a copyleft license. Works covered by it may = not<br> be incorporated into proprietary works except as expressly<br> permitted by the terms of this License. If you intend to permit<br> use, linking, or incorporation under different conditions, you<br> should carefully evaluate whether a different license better<br> suits your goals.<br> <br> -----------<br> <br> Best regards, <br> Mehmet Samet Duman <br> Author of Project Tick<br> _______________________________________________<br> The opinions expressed in this email are those of the sender and not = necessarily those of the Open Source Initiative. Official statements by = the Open Source Initiative will be sent from an <a = href=3D"http://opensource.org/" rel=3D"noreferrer" = target=3D"_blank">opensource.org</a> email address.<br> <br> License-discuss mailing list<br> <a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" = target=3D"_blank">[email protected]</a><br> <a = href=3D"http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-discuss_lists= .opensource.org" rel=3D"noreferrer" = target=3D"_blank">http://lists.opensource.org/mailman/listinfo/license-dis= cuss_lists.opensource.org</a><br> </blockquote></div><div><br clear=3D"all"></div><div><br></div><span = class=3D"gmail_signature_prefix">-- </span><br><div dir=3D"ltr" = class=3D"gmail_signature"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Bruce = Perens K6BP</div></div></div></div> </div></blockquote></div><br></div></blockquote></div><div><br = clear=3D"all"></div><div><br></div><span = class=3D"gmail_signature_prefix">-- </span><br><div dir=3D"ltr" = class=3D"gmail_signature"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Bruce = Perens K6BP</div></div></div></div> </div></blockquote></div><br></body></html>= --Apple-Mail=_546E61D7-EEBC-4F1A-BF59-B0B58C4880E7-- --===============6661784037004456504== Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: inline X19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX18KVGhlIG9waW5p b25zIGV4cHJlc3NlZCBpbiB0aGlzIGVtYWlsIGFyZSB0aG9zZSBvZiB0aGUgc2VuZGVyIGFuZCBu b3QgbmVjZXNzYXJpbHkgdGhvc2Ugb2YgdGhlIE9wZW4gU291cmNlIEluaXRpYXRpdmUuIE9mZmlj aWFsIHN0YXRlbWVudHMgYnkgdGhlIE9wZW4gU291cmNlIEluaXRpYXRpdmUgd2lsbCBiZSBzZW50 IGZyb20gYW4gb3BlbnNvdXJjZS5vcmcgZW1haWwgYWRkcmVzcy4KCkxpY2Vuc2UtZGlzY3VzcyBt YWlsaW5nIGxpc3QKTGljZW5zZS1kaXNjdXNzQGxpc3RzLm9wZW5zb3VyY2Uub3JnCmh0dHA6Ly9s aXN0cy5vcGVuc291cmNlLm9yZy9tYWlsbWFuL2xpc3RpbmZvL2xpY2Vuc2UtZGlzY3Vzc19saXN0 cy5vcGVuc291cmNlLm9yZwo= --===============6661784037004456504==--