Remaining result of displacements for the next step in UEL subroutine

"Hossein Janbazi [email protected] [Abaqus]" <[email protected]> Tue, 10 Nov 2020 21:42:42 +0000 (UTC)
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=20

=20

=20

Hi everyone, I would bethankful if consider my question:

I modeled vertical linearstiffness of seabed soil by UEL subroutine of Abaq=
us.=20

The pipe is hanging fromthe vessel located in a higher level, and laid on t=
he seabed same as catenaryshape. Actually, this is a steel catenary riser (=
SCR) modeling.

At the first step, the verticalstiffness of seabed was equal to ky=3D5 kPa =
(defined in UEL subroutine), and thenlaid pipe moves down due to its self-w=
eight. We assume this is static analysis,so after short time, some part of =
this catenary will be laid on the seabed andwe can find penetration as:

Actually, the penetrationwill be determined through UEL subroutine.=20

I provide simple handcalculation here which UEL can do that in a completed =
way.

Vertical displacement=3Du(2)

Self-weight of pipe=3D100kg/m

Force=3Dky*u(2)=C2=A0>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>=C2=A0=C2=A0 u(2) =3D (100kg/m * 9.81)=
/5 kPa =3D 0.196 m (indownward direction).

=C2=A0

As you know, thestiffness of seabed is not constant during long time. It ma=
y be changed.

I assume the stiffness ofsoil will be stiffer in the future. So I=E2=80=99m=
 going to define new stiffness (e.g.Ky=3D100 kPa). Actually, when I define =
a new stiffness in the next step, allcalculated displacements from the prev=
ious step will be reset and will nolonger be continued for the next step.

It expected thispenetration will be continuing from the previous step, but =
pipe reset itsprevious displacements and start to penetrate from zero.

Do you have anysuggestions to keep remain calculated displacements from pre=
vious step, andcontinue them in the next step?

=C2=A0

I try differentapproaches such as =E2=80=9Csave=E2=80=9D statement that all=
 previous displacements stored in aseparate matrix and then use for new ste=
p, but it did not work.=20

Any comments would bebeneficial for me. My project was stopped due to this =
problem and I=E2=80=99m in needof your help and consideration.

I provide UEL subroutinethat I used.

=C2=A0

Many thanks

Hossein

=C2=A0

=C2=A0

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0SUBROUTINE UEL(RHS,AMATRX,SVARS,ENERGY,NDOFEL=
,NRHS,NSVARS,

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A01=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0PROPS,NPROPS,COORDS,MCRD,N=
NODE,U,DU,V,A,JTYPE,TIME,

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A02=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0DTIME,KSTEP,KINC,JELEM,PAR=
AMS,NDLOAD,JDLTYP,ADLMAG,

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A03=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 PREDEF,NPREDF,LFLAGS,MLVA=
RX,DDLMAG,MDLOAD,PNEWDT,

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A04=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 JPROPS,NJPROP,PERIOD)

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0INCLUDE 'ABA_PARAM.INC'

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0DIMENSION RHS(MLVARX,*),AMATRX(NDOFEL,NDOFEL)=
,

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A01=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0SVARS(NSVARS),ENERGY(8),PR=
OPS(*),COORDS(MCRD,NNODE),

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A02=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0U(NDOFEL),DU(MLVARX,*),V(N=
DOFEL),A(NDOFEL),TIME(2),

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A03=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0PARAMS(3),JDLTYP(MDLOAD,*)=
,ADLMAG(MDLOAD,*),

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A04=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0DDLMAG(MDLOAD,*),PREDEF(2,=
NPREDF,NNODE),LFLAGS(*),

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A05=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 JPROPS(*)=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0 IF (kstep.EQ.1) THEN

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0 if (u(2).gt.0) THEN

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0kx=3D0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0ky=3D0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0force(jelem)=3D0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0 else=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0kx=3D0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0ky=3D5000

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0force(jelem)=3Dky*u(2)=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0 end if=20

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0 ELSE IF (kstep.EQ.2) THEN

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0 if (u(2).gt.0) THEN

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0kx=3D0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0ky=3D0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0force(jelem)=3D0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0else=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0kx=3D0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0ky=3D100,000

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0force(jelem)=3Dky*u(2)=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0end if=20

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0END IF

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0=20

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0AMATRX(1,1:3)=3D(/KX, 0.,0./)

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0AMATRX(2,1:3)=3D(/0., KY,0./)

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0AMATRX(3,1:3)=3D(/0., 0., KZ/)

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0SRESID(2)=3DFORCE(jelem)

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0RHS(2,1)=3DRHS(2,1)-SRESID(2)

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0SVARS(1)=3Du(2)

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0SVARS(2)=3DRHS(2,1)=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20

=C2=A0

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0RETURN

=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0END=C2=A0=C2=A0








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<span style=3D"display:none">&nbsp;</span>

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    <div id=3D"ygrp-text" >
=20=20=20=20=20=20
=20=20=20=20=20=20
      <p><div class=3D"yahoo-style-wrap" style=3D"font-family:bookman old s=
tyle, new york, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><div dir=3D"ltr" data=3D"fals=
e"><div><p class=3D"ydpeb74929fMsoNormal" dir=3D"ltr" data=3D"false"> </p><=
div><p class=3D"ydpf6d67879MsoNormal" dir=3D"ltr" data=3D"false"> </p><div>=
<p class=3D"ydp1e45c981MsoNormal" dir=3D"ltr" data=3D"false"> </p><div><p c=
lass=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Hi everyone, I would be
thankful if consider my question:</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">I modeled vertical linear
stiffness of seabed soil by UEL subroutine of Abaqus. </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">The pipe is hanging from
the vessel located in a higher level, and laid on the seabed same as catena=
ry
shape. Actually, this is a steel catenary riser (SCR) modeling.</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">At the first step, the vertical
stiffness of seabed was equal to ky=3D5 kPa (defined in UEL subroutine), an=
d then
laid pipe moves down due to its self-weight. We assume this is static analy=
sis,
so after short time, some part of this catenary will be laid on the seabed =
and
we can find penetration as:</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Actually, the penetration
will be determined through UEL subroutine. </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">I provide simple hand
calculation here which UEL can do that in a completed way.</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Vertical displacement=3Du(2)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Self-weight of pipe=3D100
kg/m</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Force=3Dky*u(2)&nbsp;
&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp=
; u(2) =3D (100kg/m * 9.81)/5 kPa =3D 0.196 m (in
downward direction).</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">As you know, the
stiffness of seabed is not constant during long time. It may be changed.</p=
>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">I assume the stiffness of
soil will be stiffer in the future. So I=E2=80=99m going to define new stif=
fness (e.g.
Ky=3D100 kPa). Actually, when I define a new stiffness in the next step, al=
l
calculated displacements from the previous step will be reset and will no
longer be continued for the next step.</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">It expected this
penetration will be continuing from the previous step, but pipe reset its
previous displacements and start to penetrate from zero.</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Do you have any
suggestions to keep remain calculated displacements from previous step, and
continue them in the next step?</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">I try different
approaches such as =E2=80=9Csave=E2=80=9D statement that all previous displ=
acements stored in a
separate matrix and then use for new step, but it did not work. </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Any comments would be
beneficial for me. My project was stopped due to this problem and I=E2=80=
=99m in need
of your help and consideration.</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">I provide UEL subroutine
that I used.</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Many thanks</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">Hossein</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
SUBROUTINE UEL(RHS,AMATRX,SVARS,ENERGY,NDOFEL,NRHS,NSVARS,</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
PROPS,NPROPS,COORDS,MCRD,NNODE,U,DU,V,A,JTYPE,TIME,</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
DTIME,KSTEP,KINC,JELEM,PARAMS,NDLOAD,JDLTYP,ADLMAG,</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PREDEF,NPREDF,LFLAGS,MLVARX,DDLMAG,MDLOAD,PNEWDT,=
</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; JPROPS,NJPROP,PERIOD)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;
</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
INCLUDE 'ABA_PARAM.INC'</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
DIMENSION RHS(MLVARX,*),AMATRX(NDOFEL,NDOFEL),</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
SVARS(NSVARS),ENERGY(8),PROPS(*),COORDS(MCRD,NNODE),</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
U(NDOFEL),DU(MLVARX,*),V(NDOFEL),A(NDOFEL),TIME(2),</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
PARAMS(3),JDLTYP(MDLOAD,*),ADLMAG(MDLOAD,*),</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
DDLMAG(MDLOAD,*),PREDEF(2,NPREDF,NNODE),LFLAGS(*),</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;
5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; JPROPS(*)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; IF (kstep.EQ.1) THEN</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; if (u(2).gt.0) THEN</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;kx=3D0</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;ky=3D0</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;force(jelem)=3D0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; else&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; &nbsp;kx=3D0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;ky=3D5000</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;force(jelem)=3Dky*u(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p=
>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; end if </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; ELSE IF (kstep.EQ.2) THEN</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; if (u(2).gt.0) THEN</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;kx=3D0</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;ky=3D0</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;force(jelem)=3D0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp;else&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp; &nbsp;kx=3D0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;ky=3D100,000</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;force(jelem)=3Dky*u(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p=
>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp;end if </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp;END IF</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &n=
bsp; </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
AMATRX(1,1:3)=3D(/KX, 0.,0./)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
AMATRX(2,1:3)=3D(/0., KY,0./)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
AMATRX(3,1:3)=3D(/0., 0., KZ/)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
SRESID(2)=3DFORCE(jelem)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
RHS(2,1)=3DRHS(2,1)-SRESID(2)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
SVARS(1)=3Du(2)</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
SVARS(2)=3DRHS(2,1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  </p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
RETURN</p>

<p class=3D"ydpcf4dfe21MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;">&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
END&nbsp;&nbsp;<span lang=3D"FA" dir=3D"RTL" style=3D"font-family:&quot;Ari=
al&quot;,sans-serif;"></span></p></div><div><br></div><p></p></div><p></p><=
/div><p></p></div></div></div></p>

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  div.photo-title a, div.photo-title a:active, div.photo-title a:hover, div=
..photo-title a:visited {
    text-decoration: none;
  }

  div#ygrp-mlmsg #ygrp-msg p a span.yshortcuts {
    font-family: Verdana;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: normal;
  }

  .green {
    color: #628c2a;
  }

  .MsoNormal {
    margin: 0 0 0 0;
  }

  o {
    font-size: 0;
  }

  #photos div {
    float: left;
    width: 72px;
  }

  #photos div div {
    border: 1px solid #666666;
    height: 62px;
    overflow: hidden;
    width: 62px;
  }

  #photos div label {
    color: #666666;
    font-size: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-align: center;
    white-space: nowrap;
    width: 64px;
  }

  #reco-category {
    font-size: 77%;
  }

  #reco-desc {
    font-size: 77%;
  }

  .replbq {
    margin: 4px;
  }

  #ygrp-actbar div a:first-child {
   /* border-right: 0px solid #000;*/
    margin-right: 2px;
    padding-right: 5px;
  }

  #ygrp-mlmsg {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-family: Arial, helvetica,clean, sans-serif;
    *font-size: small;
    *font: x-small;
  }

  #ygrp-mlmsg table {
    font-size: inherit;
    font: 100%;
  }

  #ygrp-mlmsg select, input, textarea {
    font: 99% Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif;
  }

  #ygrp-mlmsg pre, code {
    font:115% monospace;
    *font-size:100%;
  }

  #ygrp-mlmsg * {
    line-height: 1.22em;
  }

  #ygrp-mlmsg #logo {
    padding-bottom: 10px;
  }


  #ygrp-msg p a {
    font-family: Verdana;
  }

  #ygrp-msg p#attach-count span {
    color: #1E66AE;
    font-weight: 700;
  }

  #ygrp-reco #reco-head {
    color: #ff7900;
    font-weight: 700;
  }

  #ygrp-reco {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    padding: 0px;
  }

  #ygrp-sponsor #ov li a {
    font-size: 130%;
    text-decoration: none;
  }

  #ygrp-sponsor #ov li {
    font-size: 77%;
    list-style-type: square;
    padding: 6px 0;
  }=20

  #ygrp-sponsor #ov ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0 0 0 8px;
  }

  #ygrp-text {
    font-family: Georgia;
  }

  #ygrp-text p {
    margin: 0 0 1em 0;
  }

  #ygrp-text tt {
    font-size: 120%;
  }

  #ygrp-vital ul li:last-child {
    border-right: none !important;=20
  }=20
  -->
  </style>
</head>

<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlEnd|**|-~-->
</html>
<!-- end group email -->


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