Re: Experimenting the vm-tz example on the Freescale i.mx6 SDB
Mahdi Aichouch <[email protected]>
| Newsgroups | gmane.comp.micro-kernel.l4.devel |
|---|---|
| Message-ID | <CAGBLRX63fNZpb+sQfBJv8Ro9AE8mu_nbxv37BHeDF7kusM1pFw@mail.gmail.com> |
Hello Adam,
I tried to do as you suggested, and I added a loop in order to map a small
chunk of memory at time.
When I tried to map 1 KB at a time and 2 KB at a time, I received this
error from the first call to
l4sigma0_map_iomem ( ) function:
...
Vmm started
j = 0 addr = 0x0
Cannot map nonsecure memory Phys, virt or size not aligned
...
Then, I tried to add 4KB at a time, and I received the same error as before
at the first call to
the l4sigma0_map_iomem ( ) function, that is:
...
Vmm started
j = 0 addr = 0x0
Cannot map nonsecure memory No fpage received
...
I also tried with 4 KB, 8 KB, 16 KB, 32 KB,...
I get the same error: "No fpage received"
This is the code of the loop that I added:
int ram_size = 0x1000; //4 KB
int address = 0x0;
int j;
for(j = 0; j < 256; j++) {
fault = l4sigma0_map_iomem(sigma0_cap.cap(), Ram_base, Ram_base,
ram_size, 1);
printf("j = %d addr = 0x%x\n", j, address);
address += ram_size;
if (fault) {
printf("Cannot map nonsecure memory %s\n",
l4sigma0_map_errstr(fault));
exit(1);
}
}
Could you please tell me what else should I check to track down the source
of the error.
Thank you very much in advance.
Kindest regards,
Mahdi
PS: I attached the main.cc file of my vm-tz example.
On Wed, Mar 25, 2015 at 10:19 AM, Mahdi Aichouch <[email protected]> wrote:
> Hello Adam,
>
> Thank you again for your answer.
>
> Please find below the execution's log from the start of L4 kernel until
> the stop of the vm-tz test:
>
> L4 Bootstrapper
> Build: #21 Tue Mar 17 15:28:32 CET 2015, 4.8.3 20140320 (prerelease)
> Scanning up to 1024 MB RAM, starting at offset 32MB
> Memory size is 1024MB (10000000 - 4fffffff)
> RAM: 0000000010000000 - 000000004fffffff: 1048576kB
> Total RAM: 1024MB
> Scanning fiasco
> Scanning sigma0
> Scanning moe
> Moving up to 5 modules behind 11100000
> moving module 02 { 110a6000-110df63f } -> { 11196000-111cf63f } [235072]
> moving module 01 { 1109c000-110a538b } -> { 1118c000-1119538b } [37772]
> moving module 00 { 11044000-1109bb17 } -> { 11134000-1118bb17 } [359192]
> moving module 04 { 1102a000-1104365b } -> { 1111a000-1113365b } [104028]
> moving module 03 { 11010000-11029473 } -> { 11100000-11119473 } [103540]
> Loading fiasco
> Loading sigma0
> Loading moe
> find kernel info page...
> found kernel info page at 0x10002000
> Regions of list 'regions'
> [ 10000000, 100000e3] { e4} Root mbi_rt
> [ 10001000, 10001aff] { b00} Kern fiasco
> [ 10002000, 10066fff] { 65000} Kern fiasco
> [ 10090000, 10096edf] { 6ee0} Sigma0 sigma0
> [ 10098000, 1009e177] { 6178} Sigma0 sigma0
> [ 10140000, 10171d77] { 31d78} Root moe
> [ 10178000, 101934ab] { 1b4ac} Root moe
> [ 11000000, 1100f4ff] { f500} Boot bootstrap
> [ 11100000, 11133fff] { 34000} Root Module
> API Version: (87) experimental
> Sigma0 config ip:10090100 sp:00000000
> Roottask config ip:10140260 sp:00000000
> Starting kernel fiasco at 100012c8
> Number of IRQs available at this GIC: 160
> FPU0: Arch: VFPv3(3), Part: VFPv3(30), r: 4, v: 9, i: 41, t: hard, p:
> dbl/sngl
> L2: ID=410000c7 Type=9e340340 Aux=02070000 WMask=ffff S=0
> L2: Type L2C-310 Size = 1024kB Ways=16 Waysize=64
> GIC: Switching IRQ 58 to secure
> SERIAL ESC: allocated IRQ 58 for serial uart
> Not using serial hack in slow timer handler.
> Welcome to Fiasco.OC (arm)!
> L4/Fiasco.OC arm microkernel (C) 1998-2013 TU Dresden
> Rev: rexported compiled with gcc 4.8.3 for i.MX6 []
> Build: #4 Tue Mar 17 14:55:01 CET 2015
>
> GIC: Switching IRQ 29 to secure
> Calibrating timer loop... done.
> MDB: use page size: 20
> MDB: use page size: 12
> SIGMA0: Hello!
> KIP @ 10002000
> allocated 4KB for maintenance structures
> SIGMA0: Dump of all resource maps
> RAM:------------------------
> [4:10000000;10000fff]
> [0:10067000;1008ffff]
> [0:10097000;10097fff]
> [0:1009f000;1013ffff]
> [4:10140000;10171fff]
> [0:10172000;10177fff]
> [4:10178000;10193fff]
> [0:10194000;110fffff]
> [4:11100000;11133fff]
> [0:11134000;4effffff]
> IOMEM:----------------------
> [0:0;fffffff]
> [0:50000000;ffffffff]
> MOE: Hello world
> MOE: found 1031204 KByte free memory
> MOE: found RAM from 10000000 to 4f000000
> MOE: allocated 1008 KByte for the page array @0x10194000
> MOE: virtual user address space [0-bfffffff]
> MOE: rom name space cap -> [C:501000]
> BOOTFS: [11100000-11119474] [C:503000] l4re
> BOOTFS: [1111a000-1113365c] [C:504000] vm-tz
> MOE: cmdline: moe --init=rom/vm-tz
> MOE: Starting: rom/vm-tz
> MOE: loading 'rom/vm-tz'
> Vmm started
> Cannot map nonsecure memory No fpage received
> MOE: task 270000679 exited with 1
>
>
>
> Kindest regards,
>
> Mahdi
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 23, 2015 at 11:33 AM, Mahdi Aichouch <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
>> Hello Adam,
>>
>> Thank you very much for your answer!
>>
>> I configured the Ram_base to 0x20000000 for the normal-world OS and the
>> Ram_size to
>> 0x10000000 (256 MB).
>>
>> The secure world OS is loaded at 0x10000000 according to the link address
>> of fiasco
>> kernel on the i.mx6, and has 256 MB of Ram.
>>
>> When I start the vm-tz example, the reserve_area( ) method is executed
>> successfully,
>>
>> ...
>>
>> l4_addr_t v = Ram_base;
>> L4Re::chksys(env->rm()->reserve_area(&v, Ram_size, L4Re::Rm::Reserved));
>>
>> fault = l4sigma0_map_iomem(sigma0_cap.cap(), Ram_base, Ram_base,
>> Ram_size, 1);
>> if (fault) {
>> printf("Cannot map nonsecure memory: %s\n",
>> l4sigma0_map_errstr(fault));
>> exit(1);
>> }
>>
>> ...
>>
>> but the l4sigma0_map_iomem( ) returns an error:
>>
>> ...
>> Vmm started
>> Cannot map nonsecure memory No fpage received
>> MOE: task 270000679 exited with 1
>>
>> Then the programs stops executing, the setup_linux(vmstate) function is
>> not
>> executed, and the ATAG data structure is not copied.
>>
>> Do you have an idea of what might cause this fault.
>>
>> Thank you very much in advance.
>>
>> Best regars,
>> Mahdi
>>
>>
>>
>> On Fri, Mar 20, 2015 at 9:48 AM, Mahdi Aichouch <[email protected]>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> Hello,
>>>
>>> I am trying to test the "vm-tz", and I created a new entry in the
>>> "/src/l4/conf/modules.list".
>>>
>>> entry tz_vm
>>> roottask moe --init=rom/vm-tz
>>> module l4re
>>> module vm-tz
>>>
>>> Is my entry correct? Or there is some missing modules?
>>> How to know what modules should be included?
>>>
>>> Does someone has a successful running configuration.
>>> Is it possible to share with us a working configuration.
>>>
>>> Thank you very much in advance.
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>>
>>> Mahdi
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Tue, Mar 17, 2015 at 4:39 PM, Mahdi Aichouch <[email protected]>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Hello,
>>>>
>>>> I was able to correct the error related to the creation of the VM, by
>>>> recompiling the fiasco kernel using
>>>> the "trustzone secure side" as an Execution Model option instead of the
>>>> "Standard Mode".
>>>>
>>>> Now the code goes further and it stops at
>>>>
>>>> l4sigma0_map_iomem(sigma0_cap.cap(), Ram_base, Ram_base, Ram_size, 1);
>>>>
>>>> which return the following error:
>>>>
>>>> MOE: Hello world
>>>> MOE: found 1031204 KByte free memory
>>>> MOE: found RAM from 10000000 to 4f000000
>>>> MOE: allocated 1008 KByte for the page array @0x10194000
>>>> MOE: virtual user address space [0-bfffffff]
>>>> MOE: rom name space cap -> [C:501000]
>>>> BOOTFS: [11100000-11119474] [C:503000] l4re
>>>> BOOTFS: [1111a000-1113365c] [C:504000] vm-tz
>>>> MOE: cmdline: moe --init=rom/vm-tz
>>>> MOE: Starting: rom/vm-tz
>>>> MOE: loading 'rom/vm-tz'
>>>> Vmm started
>>>> Cannot map nonsecure memory No fpage received
>>>>
>>>> I used the same memory parameters of the example, that is,
>>>> the RAM base of the non secure world is 0x20000000, and
>>>> the RAM size is 0x00100000.
>>>>
>>>> Could someone help me to correct this.
>>>>
>>>> Thank you very much in advance.
>>>>
>>>> Best regards,
>>>> Mahdi
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Tue, Mar 17, 2015 at 2:46 PM, Mahdi Aichouch <[email protected]>
>>>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Hello,
>>>>>
>>>>> I am trying to experiment the "vm-tz" example on the Freescale i.mx6
>>>>> SDB board.
>>>>>
>>>>> At first, my goal is to understand the example, thus I am interested
>>>>> in running
>>>>> a simple test kernel instead of a full linux kernel.
>>>>>
>>>>> Specifically, I am trying to reproduce the experimentation of the
>>>>> article related to the trustzone
>>>>> implementation on Fiasco.OC L4re, "ARM Trustzone as a Virtualization
>>>>> Technique in Embedded Systems".
>>>>> In particular, it is mentioned in the article at the "Implementation"
>>>>> paragraph that "Multiplexing two or more OS is supported by our design."
>>>>> I would like to investigate this point.
>>>>>
>>>>> I created a new entry to generate the vm-tz binary.
>>>>> I added the following entry to the "src/l4/conf/modules.list" file :
>>>>>
>>>>> entry tz_vm
>>>>> roottask moe --init=rom/vm-tz
>>>>> module l4re
>>>>> module vm-tz
>>>>>
>>>>> Is my configuration entry correct, is there any missing modules that
>>>>> are required by the example?
>>>>>
>>>>> I tested the binary on the board using tftp, and I obtained the
>>>>> following results:
>>>>>
>>>>> L4 Bootstrapper
>>>>> Build: #12 Tue Mar 17 12:10:02 CET 2015, 4.8.3 20140320 (prerelease)
>>>>> Scanning up to 1024 MB RAM, starting at offset 32MB
>>>>> Memory size is 1024MB (10000000 - 4fffffff)
>>>>> RAM: 0000000010000000 - 000000004fffffff: 1048576kB
>>>>> Total RAM: 1024MB
>>>>> Scanning fiasco
>>>>> Scanning sigma0
>>>>> Scanning moe
>>>>> Moving up to 5 modules behind 11100000
>>>>> moving module 02 { 110a5000-110de63f } -> { 11195000-111ce63f }
>>>>> [235072]
>>>>> moving module 01 { 1109b000-110a438b } -> { 1118b000-1119438b }
>>>>> [37772]
>>>>> moving module 00 { 11044000-1109a0c7 } -> { 11134000-1118a0c7 }
>>>>> [352456]
>>>>> moving module 04 { 1102a000-11043597 } -> { 1111a000-11133597 }
>>>>> [103832]
>>>>> moving module 03 { 11010000-11029473 } -> { 11100000-11119473 }
>>>>> [103540]
>>>>> Loading fiasco
>>>>> Loading sigma0
>>>>> Loading moe
>>>>> find kernel info page...
>>>>> found kernel info page at 0x10002000
>>>>> Regions of list 'regions'
>>>>> [ 10000000, 100000e3] { e4} Root mbi_rt
>>>>> [ 10001000, 10001aff] { b00} Kern fiasco
>>>>> [ 10002000, 10062fff] { 61000} Kern fiasco
>>>>> [ 10090000, 10096edf] { 6ee0} Sigma0 sigma0
>>>>> [ 10098000, 1009e177] { 6178} Sigma0 sigma0
>>>>> [ 10140000, 10171d77] { 31d78} Root moe
>>>>> [ 10178000, 101934ab] { 1b4ac} Root moe
>>>>> [ 11000000, 1100f4ff] { f500} Boot bootstrap
>>>>> [ 11100000, 11133fff] { 34000} Root Module
>>>>> API Version: (87) experimental
>>>>> Sigma0 config ip:10090100 sp:00000000
>>>>> Roottask config ip:10140260 sp:00000000
>>>>> Starting kernel fiasco at 100012c8
>>>>> Number of IRQs available at this GIC: 160
>>>>> FPU0: Arch: VFPv3(3), Part: VFPv3(30), r: 4, v: 9, i: 41, t: hard, p:
>>>>> dbl/sngl
>>>>> L2: ID=410000c7 Type=9e340340 Aux=02070000 WMask=ffff S=0
>>>>> L2: Type L2C-310 Size = 1024kB Ways=16 Waysize=64
>>>>> SERIAL ESC: allocated IRQ 58 for serial uart
>>>>> Not using serial hack in slow timer handler.
>>>>> Welcome to Fiasco.OC (arm)!
>>>>> L4/Fiasco.OC arm microkernel (C) 1998-2013 TU Dresden
>>>>> Rev: rexported compiled with gcc 4.8.3 for i.MX6 []
>>>>> Build: #3 Wed Mar 11 16:43:41 CET 2015
>>>>>
>>>>> Calibrating timer loop... done.
>>>>> MDB: use page size: 20
>>>>> MDB: use page size: 12
>>>>> SIGMA0: Hello!
>>>>> KIP @ 10002000
>>>>> allocated 4KB for maintenance structures
>>>>> SIGMA0: Dump of all resource maps
>>>>> RAM:------------------------
>>>>> [4:10000000;10000fff]
>>>>> [0:10063000;1008ffff]
>>>>> [0:10097000;10097fff]
>>>>> [0:1009f000;1013ffff]
>>>>> [4:10140000;10171fff]
>>>>> [0:10172000;10177fff]
>>>>> [4:10178000;10193fff]
>>>>> [0:10194000;110fffff]
>>>>> [4:11100000;11133fff]
>>>>> [0:11134000;4effffff]
>>>>> IOMEM:----------------------
>>>>> [0:0;fffffff]
>>>>> [0:50000000;ffffffff]
>>>>> MOE: Hello world
>>>>> MOE: found 1031220 KByte free memory
>>>>> MOE: found RAM from 10000000 to 4f000000
>>>>> MOE: allocated 1008 KByte for the page array @0x10194000
>>>>> MOE: virtual user address space [0-bfffffff]
>>>>> MOE: rom name space cap -> [C:501000]
>>>>> BOOTFS: [11100000-11119474] [C:503000] l4re
>>>>> BOOTFS: [1111a000-11133598] [C:504000] vm-tz
>>>>> MOE: cmdline: moe --init=rom/vm-tz
>>>>> MOE: Starting: rom/vm-tz
>>>>> MOE: loading 'rom/vm-tz'
>>>>> Vmm started
>>>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of 'N2L413Runtime_errorE'
>>>>> MOE: task 270000679 exited with 127
>>>>>
>>>>> The code stops at the beginning when it tries to create a VM :
>>>>>
>>>>> L4Re::chksys(env->factory()->create_vm(vm));
>>>>>
>>>>> After reading through the code, I saw that the code example is
>>>>> expecting a linux-image and an initrd to be provided. Is it possible to
>>>>> tell me where these should be added in the build directory? In my test
>>>>> case, the linux-image will be replaced by a simple kernel image.
>>>>>
>>>>> Could someone help me to correct my test case.
>>>>>
>>>>> Many thanks in advance.
>>>>>
>>>>> Best regards,
>>>>> Mahdi
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>
>
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main.cc
(text/x-c++src, 6.6 KB)
/* * (c) 2009-2012 Adam Lackorzynski <[email protected]>, * Alexander Warg <[email protected]>, * Torsten Frenzel <[email protected]> * economic rights: Technische Universität Dresden (Germany) * * This file is part of TUD:OS and distributed under the terms of the * GNU General Public License 2. * Please see the COPYING-GPL-2 file for details. */ #include <l4/re/env> #include <l4/re/util/env_ns> #include <l4/re/c/namespace.h> #include <l4/re/dataspace> #include <l4/re/c/util/cap_alloc.h> #include <l4/re/error_helper> #include <l4/sys/factory> #include <l4/sys/vm> #include <l4/sigma0/sigma0.h> #include <l4/util/util.h> #include <l4/sys/cache.h> #include <l4/vcpu/vcpu> #include <l4/sys/thread> #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> #include <cassert> /* * This is a simple example to demonstrate how to * startup a Linux in Vm. * * This example has some prerequisites: * * 1. The Linux image name: 'rom/vm-linux-image' * * 2. The Linux image link/start address: 0x9000000 * * 3. The Linux RAM disk name: 'rom/linux-initrd' * * 4. The VM physical memory: 0x8000000 - 0xc000000 */ static void error(const char *str) { printf("%s", str); exit(1); } static void dump_vm_state(l4_vm_tz_state *s) { printf("pc:%08lx cpsr:%08lx\n", s->pc, s->cpsr); printf("r0:%08lx r1:%08lx r2:%08lx r3:%08lx\n", s->r[0], s->r[1], s->r[2], s->r[3]); printf("r4:%08lx r5:%08lx r6:%08lx r7:%08lx\n", s->r[4], s->r[5], s->r[6], s->r[7]); printf("r8:%08lx r9:%08lx r10:%08lx r11:%08lx\n", s->r[8], s->r[9], s->r[10], s->r[11]); printf("r12:%08lx\n", s->r[12]); printf("lr_svc:%08lx sp_svc:%08lx spsr_svc:%08lx\n", s->svc.lr, s->svc.sp, s->svc.spsr); } enum { //Ram_base = 0x60000000, //E Ram_base = 0x20000000, // T2 Ram_size = 0x00100000, Start_addr = Ram_base + 0x8000, Atag_addr = Start_addr + 0x100, Initrd_addr = Ram_base + 0x400000, // +2MB }; #define ATAG_NONE 0x00000000 #define ATAG_CORE 0x54410001 #define ATAG_MEM 0x54410002 #define ATAG_INITRD2 0x54420005 #define ATAG_CMDLINE 0x54410009 #define tag_size(type) ((sizeof(struct tag_header) + sizeof(struct type)) >> 2) struct tag_header { l4_uint32_t size; l4_uint32_t tag; }; struct tag_core { l4_uint32_t flags; l4_uint32_t pagesize; l4_uint32_t rootdev; }; struct tag_mem { l4_uint32_t size; l4_uint32_t start; }; struct tag_cmdline { char cmdline[128]; }; struct tag_initrd { l4_uint32_t start; l4_uint32_t size; }; static struct init_tags { struct tag_header hdr1; struct tag_core core; struct tag_header hdr2; struct tag_mem mem; struct tag_header hdr3; struct tag_cmdline cmdline; struct tag_header hdr4; struct tag_initrd initrd; struct tag_header hdr5; } init_tags = { { tag_size(tag_core), ATAG_CORE }, { 1, L4_PAGESIZE, 0xff }, { tag_size(tag_mem), ATAG_MEM }, { Ram_size, Ram_base }, { tag_size(tag_cmdline), ATAG_CMDLINE }, { "root=/dev/ram0 earlyprintk=serial console=ttyAMA0 init=/bin/sh" }, { tag_size(tag_initrd), ATAG_INITRD2 }, { Initrd_addr, 0 }, { 0, ATAG_NONE } }; static void copyblob(l4_addr_t dst, l4_addr_t src, size_t sz) { assert(dst > Ram_base && dst + sz <= Ram_base + Ram_size); memcpy((void *)dst, (void *)src, sz); l4_cache_clean_data(dst, dst + sz); } static void setup_linux(l4_vm_tz_state *vmstate) { const L4Re::Env *env = L4Re::Env::env(); L4::Cap<L4Re::Dataspace> vm_ds_cap; L4::Cap<L4Re::Dataspace> initrd_cap; l4_addr_t vm_image_addr = 0; l4_size_t vm_image_size = 0; l4_addr_t initrd_addr = 0; l4_size_t initrd_size = 0; L4Re::Util::Env_ns ns; if (!(vm_ds_cap = ns.query<L4Re::Dataspace>("rom/vm-linux-image-tz"))) error("Cannot query vm image\n"); vm_image_size = vm_ds_cap->size(); if (env->rm()->attach(&vm_image_addr, l4_round_page(vm_image_size), L4Re::Rm::Search_addr | L4Re::Rm::Read_only, vm_ds_cap, 0, 0)) error("Cannot attach vm image\n"); if (!(initrd_cap = ns.query<L4Re::Dataspace>("rom/linux-initrd"))) error("Cannot query initrd image\n"); initrd_size = initrd_cap->size(); if (env->rm()->attach(&initrd_addr, l4_round_page(initrd_size), L4Re::Rm::Search_addr | L4Re::Rm::Read_only, initrd_cap, 0, 0)) error("Cannot attach initrd image\n"); // fixup Initrd size in ATAG structure init_tags.initrd.size = initrd_size; copyblob(Start_addr, vm_image_addr, vm_image_size); copyblob(Initrd_addr, initrd_addr, initrd_size); copyblob(Atag_addr, (l4_addr_t)&init_tags, sizeof(init_tags)); // Initialize Vm state according to Linux's requirements vmstate->pc = Start_addr; vmstate->cpsr = 0x13; vmstate->r[0] = 0; // R0=0 According to the spec vmstate->r[1] = 827; // R1=1 Machine architecture vmstate->r[2] = Atag_addr; // R2=2 ATAG pointer } int main() { L4::Cap<void> sigma0_cap; L4::Cap<L4::Vm> vm = L4Re::chkcap(L4Re::Util::cap_alloc.alloc<L4::Vm>()); const L4Re::Env *env = L4Re::Env::env(); int fault; printf("Vmm started\n"); L4Re::chksys(env->factory()->create_vm(vm)); if (!(sigma0_cap = L4Re::Env::env()->get_cap<void>("sigma0"))) error("Cannot query sigma0 cap\n"); l4_addr_t v = Ram_base; L4Re::chksys(env->rm()->reserve_area(&v, Ram_size, L4Re::Rm::Reserved)); int ram_size = 0x800; //2 KB int address = 0x0; int j; for(j = 0; j < 512; j++) { fault = l4sigma0_map_iomem(sigma0_cap.cap(), Ram_base, Ram_base, ram_size, 1); printf("j = %d addr = 0x%x\n", j, address); address += ram_size; if (fault) { printf("Cannot map nonsecure memory %s\n", l4sigma0_map_errstr(fault)); exit(1); } } L4vcpu::Vcpu *vcpu; l4_addr_t _vmstate; int r = L4vcpu::Vcpu::ext_alloc(&vcpu, &_vmstate); if (r) { printf("Failed to allocate virtualization data structures: %d\n", r); return 0; } l4_vm_tz_state *vmstate = (l4_vm_tz_state *)_vmstate; vcpu->task(vm); vcpu->state()->set(L4_VCPU_F_FPU_ENABLED); vcpu->saved_state()->set(L4_VCPU_F_USER_MODE | L4_VCPU_F_FPU_ENABLED); setup_linux(vmstate); L4::Cap<L4::Thread> me; L4Re::chksys(me->vcpu_control_ext((l4_addr_t)vcpu)); while (1) { printf("VM run\n"); int ret = l4_error(me->vcpu_resume_commit(me->vcpu_resume_start())); if (ret < 0) { printf("VM run failed with %d\n", ret); return -1; } else printf("VM exit\n"); // do nothing but dump the state and sleep a second dump_vm_state(vmstate); l4_sleep(1000); } return 0; }