Re: [protege-user] Issue When Loading Prov

>
> But I guess the ontology was not updated?


Unless I used an outdated URL to load it then it hasn't been updated. I
loaded the file here: https://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o  If that isn't the right
version to use please let me know.

But in any case that answers my question. It is an error and the solution
is to remove the annotation property, which I'll do. Thanks.

Michael

On Mon, Oct 20, 2025 at 6:40 AM Balhoff, Jim via protege-user <
[email protected]> wrote:

> It seems like this problem was noticed a long time ago, and there was some
> agreement to fix it:
> https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/2017May/0000.html
>
> But I guess the ontology was not updated?
>
> - Jim
>
>
> On Oct 19, 2025, at 10:38 PM, Michael DeBellis <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
> I'm copying the Protege list as well as Prov in case some people there
> have any feedback. For the attached ontology, I started by doing "Load
> Ontology from URL" in Protege and loaded: https://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o#
>
> The resulting ontology had warnings that I think were caused by defining
> properties as annotation properties as well as object properties:
>
>  INFO  18:56:59
>    WARN  18:57:17  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity
> http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed
> [Declaration(ObjectProperty(<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf>)),
> Declaration(AnnotationProperty(<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf
> >))]
>    WARN  18:57:17  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity
> http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed
> [Declaration(AnnotationProperty(<
> http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf>)),
> Declaration(ObjectProperty(<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf>))]
>    INFO  18:57:18  -------------------- Importing ontology and imports
> closure --------------------
>    INFO  18:57:18  Processing http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o-20130430
>    WARN  18:57:18  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity
> http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed
> [Declaration(ObjectProperty(<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf>)),
> Declaration(AnnotationProperty(<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf
> >))]
>    WARN  18:57:18  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity
> http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed
> [Declaration(AnnotationProperty(<
> http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf>)),
> Declaration(ObjectProperty(<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf>))]
>    INFO  18:57:18  Finished loading https://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o#
>
> I think this is caused by this definition:
>
> :qualifiedRevision
>     a owl:ObjectProperty ;
>     rdfs:comment "If this Entity prov:wasRevisionOf Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was revised using prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision;  prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ]."@en ;
>     rdfs:domain :Entity ;
>     rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o#> ;
>     rdfs:label "qualifiedRevision" ;
>     rdfs:range :Revision ;
>     rdfs:subPropertyOf :qualifiedInfluence ;
>     :category "qualified" ;
>     :component "derivations" ;
>     :inverse "revisedEntity" ;
>     :sharesDefinitionWith :Revision ;
>     :unqualifiedForm :wasRevisionOf .
>
> And this:
>
> :wasRevisionOf
> a owl:AnnotationProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ;
> rdfs:comment "A revision is a derivation that revises an entity into a revised version."@en ;
> rdfs:domain :Entity ;
> rdfs:isDefinedBy http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o# ;
> rdfs:label "wasRevisionOf" ;
> rdfs:range :Entity ;
> rdfs:subPropertyOf :wasDerivedFrom ;
> owl:propertyChainAxiom (:qualifiedRevision
> :entity
> ) ;
> :category "expanded" ;
> :component "derivations" ;
> :inverse "hadRevision" ;
> :qualifiedForm :Revision, :qualifiedRevision .
>
> It seems to me that the answer must be to remove either the annotation
> properties or the object properties. I think what is consistent with Prov
> is to remove the annotation properties. Although, what I would prefer is to
> remove the object properties and use the annotation properties, so that we
> don't need to use puns. But I think SKOS (which I also plan to load with
> Prov and Dublin Core, I'm sort of putting together a metadata upper model)
> requires us to use puns anyway and I also think that is what Prov requires,
> in spite of that definition which I think is an error since you can't
> declare something to be an annotation and object property. Unless you want
> OWL Full which if you are going to use you are essentially throwing away
> the reasoner anyway (which negates the value of using object properties
> over annotation properties).
>
> But I could be wrong, please tell me if I am. I've never gone into this
> much detail trying to load several of these together so it could be
> something I've done. I checked the file at that URL because I think I may
> have defined some properties from Prov to be annotation properties for
> previous work
>
> But I don't think that should be impacting what I'm doing now since I
> loaded Prov directly from the URL without creating any ontology or anything
> in Protege before hand.
>
> TL/DR: I think there are warnings loading Prov based on defining one or
> more properties as annotation and object properties and my plan is to
> remove the annotation property axioms to be OWL DL compliant which I think
> is consistent with the Prov spec.
>
> Appreciate any feedback.
> Cheers,
> Michael DeBellis
> https://www.michaeldebellis.com/blog
>
>
>
>
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