Python in K-12: good news (they're using Jupyter)

kirby urner <[email protected]> Thu, 25 Jan 2024 10:32:54 -0800 (PST)
Newsgroups gmane.comp.python.education
Message-ID <[email protected]>
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Here's something for the archive about how Python continues to help me in=
=20
my work as a K-16 curriculum developer.

There's a link to a Jupyter Notebook running sympy towards the middle, with=
=20
the surrounding text about how it looks to me like the schools are moving=
=20
to Jupyter, judging from my own experience with regional faculties.

Kirby Urner
Oregon Curriculum Network



---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: kirby urner <[email protected]>
Date: Thursday, January 25, 2024 at 7:39:09=E2=80=AFAM UTC-8
Subject: Synergetics in K-12
To: [email protected] <[email protected]>




The post below goes back to our TrimTab meetup with Siobhan Roberts and her=
=20
bio of H.S.M. Coxeter.
https://www.freelists.org/post/math4wisdom/Caring-for-our-legacies-Franz-Je=
re-Kirby-Andrius,4.=20
( public archive)

That USA public schools have proved themselves largely incapable of=20
incorporating useful K-12 content drawing from Synergetics has left them=20
non-competitive vs-a-vs private schools that are finding ways.=20

This deficiency could be addressed, however the quality of public school=20
education has dropped much lower on the priorities list than it used to be,=
=20
according to a public school worker I interviewed recently (I'm still=20
looking for a key data visualization on that score).

Kirby


---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: *kirby urner* <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, Jan 24, 2024 at 7:43=E2=80=AFPM
Subject: Re: [math4wisdom] Re: Caring for our legacies: Franz, Jere, Kirby,=
=20
Andrius...
To: <[email protected]>
Cc: math4wisdom <[email protected]>



Greetings all --

I am glad to be hearing from Franz, who has a lively writing style about=20
stuff I also care about.

My last contribution to this listserv was before my car trip north,=20
somewhat recapitulating a trip I did with Andrius in 2023.

On my way back, I visited a small private school my friend works at and=20
spoke with the math faculty. [0]

I was gratified to discover they were already using the Jupyter technology=
=20
I favor, along with other stuff.  Enough time has passed such that students=
=20
exposed to Jupyter in college are now career teachers and are passing the=
=20
torch if / when free to do so.

"Jupyter" (the word) is an amalgam of Julia Python R (Ju-Pyt-R) as these=20
were the original kernel languages adopting what used to be called I-Python=
=20
Notebook technology. The idea is to create interactive web pages that not=
=20
only present static content, but that also allow browsers to run code in=20
one or more languages.=20

As a high school (and above) level math and computer science teacher, I=20
appreciate the level of integration this technology provides and I showcase=
=20
it extensively.

To take a concrete example:

I've continued making hay from the piece of trivium that 2024 (our year) is=
=20
a tetrahedral number. The next one won't be until 2300.

A tetrahedral number is formed by stacking triangular numbers, picture=20
bowling balls or cannon balls. 1, 4, 10, 20... we're accumulating=20
triangular layers, making the stack higher and higher.  Start with 1, put 3=
=20
under it, but 6 under that, then a layer of 10... and so on.

https://oeis.org/A000292

After a long drive from north of Seattle back to Portland today, I wanted=
=20
to relax and unwind by figuring out why we get  (n(n + 1)(n + 2))/6 for=20
this sequence, where n is the layer number. Given 22 layers:  22(23)(24)/6=
=20
=3D 2024.  Check.

What we can do is assume some formula A n^3 + B n^2 + C^n + D (n =3D 1, 2, =
3,=20
4...) does the trick and substitute known values for n paired with=20
corresponding right answers. Our goal is to derive the unknowns A, B, C, D=
=20
from the knowns.

A + B + C + D =3D 1 when n =3D 1
8A + 4B =3D 2C + D =3D 4 when n =3D 2
27A + 9B + 3D + D =3D 10 when n =3D 3
64A + 16B + 4C + D =3D 20 when n =3D 4

That's four linear equations in four unknowns, in principle solvable using=
=20
algorithms from linear algebra.=20

I added a middle section on the formula's derivation to:

https://nbviewer.org/github/4dsolutions/m4w/blob/main/Sequences.ipynb

letting Python in a Jupyter Notebook do the "heavy lifting" i.e. the work=
=20
of inverting the matrix defined above.

Why am I sharing all this here?  I want to keep building on figurate and=20
polyhedral numbers as a topic, and as a gateway to higher maths.

Triangular numbers are figurate (flat) whereas polyhedral numbers tend to=
=20
be multi-layer, such as cubes, tetrahedrons, octahedrons.

One of our more important polyhedral sequences 12, 42, 92, 162... is the=20
number of balls in successive layers when you start with 12-around-1 in an=
=20
omni symmetric pattern, that of the cuboctahedron. [1] In adding layers,=20
the shape does not change.

In her biography of the late H.S.M. Coxeter, a pioneer of higher=20
dimensional Euclidean geometry based in the University of Toronto, Siobhan=
=20
Roberts talks about the generating formula for said sequence 10 * n^2 + 2,=
=20
and how Coxeter was appreciative of Buckminster Fuller for having derived=
=20
it on his own, even though it doesn't take more than high school level=20
skills to do so. [2]  Fuller had a fascination for ball packing as a topic.

>From one of my online essays [3]:

In a virus, the RNA-protecting shell or capsid is made from sub-units=20
called capsomeres. By taking F as the number of between-capsomere=20
intervals, and using 10F2+2 on capsid "shell frequencies" of 1,2,3,4,5 and=
=20
6, we obtain corresponding counts of 12, 42*, *92, 162, 252 and 812=20
capsomeres. "All of these numbers are in fact found in actual viruses, 12=
=20
for certain bacteriophages, 42 for wart viruses, 92 for reovirus, 162 for=
=20
herpesvirus, 252 for adenovirus and 812 for a virus attacking crane-flies=
=20
(Tipula or daddy-long-legs)" - *The Natural History of Viruses *by C.H.=20
Andrews (W.W. Norton R Co., 1967).

That Fuller's formula was good at predicting micro-architectural aspects of=
=20
viruses was even a newspaper headline in the Herald Tribune. [4]

In sum, we're into networking topics:  figurate and polyhedral numbers,=20
deriving their formulae, finding some of these patterns in nature, such as=
=20
in the architecture of the virus.

Kirby

[0]  https://worldgame.blogspot.com/2024/01/tetrahedron-year.html

[1] =20
https://www.amazon.com/King-Infinite-Space-Coxeter-Geometry/dp/0802714994

[2]  she doesn't mention that it was this formula in particular, but other=
=20
sources, including OEIS itself, make it clear that Fuller does indeed get a=
=20
lot of credit for it.
https://oeis.org/A005901  My website features in the Links section:  K.=20
Urner, Microarchitecture of the Virus=20
<http://www.grunch.net/synergetics/virus.html>

[3] http://www.4dsolutions.net/synergetica/synergetica2.html#top

[4] =20
https://www.google.com/books/edition/Critical_Path/mkvoDQAAQBAJ?hl=3Den&gbp=
v=3D1&dq=3Dbuckminster%20%22herald%20tribune%22%20virus%20cold%20spring&pg=
=3DPA813&printsec=3Dfrontcover


=20

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<div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Here's something for the archive about ho=
w Python continues to help me in my work as a K-16 curriculum developer.<di=
v><br /></div><div>There's a link to a Jupyter Notebook running sympy towar=
ds the middle, with the surrounding text about how it looks to me like the =
schools are moving to Jupyter, judging from my own experience with regional=
 faculties.</div><div><br /></div><div>Kirby Urner</div><div>Oregon Curricu=
lum Network</div><div><br /></div><div><br /><br /><div><div dir=3D"auto">-=
--------- Forwarded message ---------<br />From: <span dir=3D"auto">kirby u=
rner &lt;[email protected]&gt;</span><br />Date: Thursday, January 25, =
2024 at 7:39:09=E2=80=AFAM UTC-8<br />Subject: Synergetics in K-12<br />To:=
 <span dir=3D"auto">[email protected] &lt;trimtab-book-clu=
[email protected]&gt;</span><br /></div><br /><br /><div dir=3D"ltr"><div =
style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><=
div style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></d=
iv><div style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The p=
ost below goes back to our TrimTab meetup with Siobhan Roberts and her bio =
of H.S.M. Coxeter.</div><div style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; fon=
t-size: small;"><a href=3D"https://www.freelists.org/post/math4wisdom/Carin=
g-for-our-legacies-Franz-Jere-Kirby-Andrius,4" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"nof=
ollow">https://www.freelists.org/post/math4wisdom/Caring-for-our-legacies-F=
ranz-Jere-Kirby-Andrius,4</a>. ( public archive)<br /></div><div style=3D"f=
ont-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style=
=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">That USA public sc=
hools have proved themselves largely incapable of incorporating useful K-12=
 content drawing from Synergetics has left them non-competitive vs-a-vs pri=
vate schools that are finding ways.=C2=A0</div><div style=3D"font-family: v=
erdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style=3D"font-famil=
y: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">This deficiency could be address=
ed, however the quality of public school education has dropped much lower o=
n the priorities list than it used to be, according to a public school work=
er I interviewed recently (I'm still looking for a key data visualization o=
n that score).</div><div style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-si=
ze: small;"><br /></div><div style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; fon=
t-size: small;">Kirby</div><div style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; =
font-size: small;"><br /></div><br /><div><div dir=3D"ltr">---------- Forwa=
rded message ---------<br />From: <strong dir=3D"auto">kirby urner</strong>=
 <span dir=3D"auto">&lt;<a href=3D"" rel=3D"nofollow">[email protected]</a=
>&gt;</span><br />Date: Wed, Jan 24, 2024 at 7:43=E2=80=AFPM<br />Subject: =
Re: [math4wisdom] Re: Caring for our legacies: Franz, Jere, Kirby, Andrius.=
..<br />To:  &lt;<a href=3D"" rel=3D"nofollow">[email protected]</a>&gt;<b=
r />Cc: math4wisdom &lt;<a href=3D"" rel=3D"nofollow">[email protected]=
g</a>&gt;<br /></div><br /><br /><div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div sty=
le=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div=
 style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">Greetings a=
ll --</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, s=
ans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=
=3D"verdana, sans-serif">I am glad to be hearing from Franz, who has a live=
ly writing style about stuff I also care about.</font></div><div style=3D"f=
ont-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><di=
v style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">My last co=
ntribution to this listserv was before my car trip north, somewhat recapitu=
lating a trip I did with Andrius in 2023.</font></div><div style=3D"font-si=
ze: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div styl=
e=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">On my way back, =
I visited a small private school my friend works at and spoke with the math=
 faculty. [0]</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"ve=
rdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><fon=
t face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">I was gratified to discover they were alread=
y using the Jupyter technology I favor, along with other stuff.=C2=A0 Enoug=
h time has passed such that students exposed to Jupyter in college are now =
career teachers and are passing the torch if / when free to do so.</font></=
div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br=
 /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, san=
s-serif">"Jupyter" (the word) is an amalgam of Julia Python R (Ju-Pyt-R) as=
 these were the original kernel languages adopting what used to be called I=
-Python Notebook technology. The idea is to create interactive web pages th=
at not only present static content, but that also allow browsers to run cod=
e in one or more languages.=C2=A0</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: smal=
l;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"fon=
t-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">As a high school (and ab=
ove) level math and computer science teacher, I appreciate the level of int=
egration this technology provides and I showcase it extensively.</font></di=
v><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /=
></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-=
serif">To take a concrete example:</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: sma=
ll;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"fo=
nt-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">I've continued making h=
ay from the piece of trivium that 2024 (our year) is a tetrahedral number. =
The next one won't be until 2300.</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: smal=
l;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"fon=
t-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">A tetrahedral number is =
formed by stacking triangular numbers, picture bowling balls or cannon ball=
s. 1, 4, 10, 20... we're accumulating triangular layers, making the stack h=
igher and higher.=C2=A0 Start with 1, put 3 under it, but 6 under that, the=
n a layer of 10... and so on.</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;">=
<font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-si=
ze: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><a href=3D"https://oeis.org/=
A000292" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"nofollow">https://oeis.org/A000292</a><br=
 /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, san=
s-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"=
verdana, sans-serif">After a long drive from north of Seattle back to Portl=
and today, I wanted to relax and unwind by figuring out why we get=C2=A0 (n=
(n=C2=A0+ 1)(n=C2=A0+ 2))/6 for this sequence, where n is the layer number.=
 Given 22 layers:=C2=A0 22(23)(24)/6 =3D 2024.=C2=A0 Check.</font></div><di=
v style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></fo=
nt></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif=
">What we can do is assume some formula A n^3=C2=A0+ B n^2=C2=A0+ C^n=C2=A0=
+ D (n =3D 1, 2, 3, 4...) does the trick and substitute known values for n =
paired with corresponding right answers. Our goal is to derive the unknowns=
 A, B, C, D from the knowns.</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><=
font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-siz=
e: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">A=C2=A0+ B=C2=A0+ C=C2=A0+ D =
=3D 1 when n =3D 1</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=
=3D"verdana, sans-serif">8A=C2=A0+ 4B =3D 2C=C2=A0+ D =3D 4 when n =3D 2</f=
ont></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-seri=
f">27A=C2=A0+ 9B=C2=A0+ 3D=C2=A0+ D =3D 10 when n =3D 3</font></div><div st=
yle=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">64A=C2=A0+ 16B=
=C2=A0+ 4C=C2=A0+ D =3D 20 when n =3D 4</font></div><div style=3D"font-size=
: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=
=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">That's four linea=
r equations in four unknowns, in principle solvable using algorithms from l=
inear algebra.=C2=A0</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font fac=
e=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small=
;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">I added a middle section on the formu=
la's derivation to:</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=
=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;=
"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><a href=3D"https://nbviewer.org/github=
/4dsolutions/m4w/blob/main/Sequences.ipynb" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"nofoll=
ow">https://nbviewer.org/github/4dsolutions/m4w/blob/main/Sequences.ipynb</=
a><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana=
, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font fac=
e=3D"verdana, sans-serif">letting Python in a Jupyter Notebook do the "heav=
y lifting" i.e. the work of inverting the matrix defined above.</font></div=
><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br />=
</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-s=
erif">Why am I sharing all this here?=C2=A0 I want to keep building on figu=
rate and polyhedral numbers as a topic, and as a gateway to higher maths.</=
font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-ser=
if"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verda=
na, sans-serif">Triangular numbers are figurate (flat) whereas polyhedral n=
umbers tend to be multi-layer, such as cubes, tetrahedrons, octahedrons.</f=
ont></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-seri=
f"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdan=
a, sans-serif">One of our more important polyhedral sequences 12, 42, 92, 1=
62... is the number of balls in successive layers when you start with 12-ar=
ound-1 in an omni symmetric=C2=A0pattern, that of the cuboctahedron. [1] In=
 adding layers, the shape does not change.</font></div><div style=3D"font-s=
ize: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div sty=
le=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">In her biograph=
y of the late H.S.M. Coxeter, a pioneer of higher dimensional Euclidean geo=
metry based in the University of Toronto, Siobhan Roberts talks about the g=
enerating formula for said sequence 10 * n^2=C2=A0+ 2, and how Coxeter was =
appreciative of Buckminster Fuller for having derived it on his own, even t=
hough it doesn't take more than high school level skills to do so. [2]=C2=
=A0 Fuller had a fascination for ball packing as a topic.</font></div><div =
style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font=
></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">=
>From one of my online essays [3]:</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: smal=
l;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"fon=
t-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><span style=3D"color: rg=
b(0, 0, 0);">In a virus, the RNA-protecting shell or capsid is made from su=
b-units called capsomeres. By taking F as the number of between-capsomere i=
ntervals, and using<span style=3D"font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-si=
ze: small;">=C2=A0</span></span><span style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">10F<su=
p>2</sup>+2 on</span><span style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">=C2=A0capsid "she=
ll frequencies" of 1,2,3,4,5 and 6, we obtain corresponding counts of 12, 4=
2</span><i style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,=C2=A0</i><span style=3D"color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0);">92, 162, 252 and 812 capsomeres. "All of these numbers are i=
n fact found in actual viruses, 12 for certain bacteriophages, 42 for wart =
viruses, 92 for reovirus, 162 for herpesvirus, 252 for adenovirus and 812 f=
or a virus attacking crane-flies (Tipula or daddy-long-legs)" -=C2=A0</span=
><i style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The Natural History of Viruses=C2=A0</i>=
<span style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">by C.H. Andrews (W.W. Norton R Co., 19=
67).</span><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><span style=
=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font><=
/span></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-se=
rif"><span style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">That Fuller's formula was good at=
 predicting micro-architectural aspects of viruses was even a newspaper hea=
dline in the Herald Tribune. [4]</span></font></div><div style=3D"font-size=
: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=
=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">In sum, we're int=
o networking topics:=C2=A0 figurate and polyhedral numbers, deriving their =
formulae, finding some of these patterns in nature, such as in the architec=
ture of the virus.</font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=
=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;=
"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">Kirby</font></div><div style=3D"font-s=
ize: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div sty=
le=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">[0]=C2=A0=C2=A0=
<a href=3D"https://worldgame.blogspot.com/2024/01/tetrahedron-year.html" ta=
rget=3D"_blank" rel=3D"nofollow">https://worldgame.blogspot.com/2024/01/tet=
rahedron-year.html</a></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font f=
ace=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: sma=
ll;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">[1]=C2=A0=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://w=
ww.amazon.com/King-Infinite-Space-Coxeter-Geometry/dp/0802714994" target=3D=
"_blank" rel=3D"nofollow">https://www.amazon.com/King-Infinite-Space-Coxete=
r-Geometry/dp/0802714994</a></font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><=
font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif"><br /></font></div><div style=3D"font-siz=
e: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-serif">[2]=C2=A0 she doesn't mention=
 that it was this formula in particular, but other sources, including OEIS =
itself, make it clear that Fuller does indeed get a lot of credit for it.</=
font></div><div style=3D"font-size: small;"><font face=3D"verdana, sans-ser=
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