ENH: Add a non-circular shift function

Feature request: Add a non-circular shift function that is similar to [`numpy.roll`](https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.roll.html) but, instead of wrapping elements around, replaces unoccupied entries with a specified fill value. Examples:

```
>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.arange(1, 6)
>>> a
array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
>>> np.shifted(a, 2)
array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3])
>>> np.shifted(a, -2)
array([3, 4, 5, 0, 0])
>>> a = np.arange(1, 10).reshape((3, 3))
>>> a
array([[1, 2, 3],
       [4, 5, 6],
       [7, 8, 9]])
>>> np.shifted(a, (1, -2), (0, 1))
array([[0, 0, 0],
       [3, 0, 0],
       [6, 0, 0]])
```

Prior discussion: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/26220

Pull request: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/pull/29389
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