Re: [PATCH] Fix bang flag in ${(!)ref::=var} substitutions

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On Sun, Jul 19, 2026 at 11:06=E2=80=AFPM Bart Schaefer <schaefer@brasslante=
rn.com>
wrote:

> On Fri, Jul 10, 2026 at 5:06=E2=80=AFAM Philippe Altherr
> <[email protected]> wrote:
> >
> > The documentation states that with the substitution flag (!) the
> reference itself is examined, not its referent, but this fails in
> ${(!)ref::=3Dvar} substitutions:
>
> I'm unsure what to do with this one.
>
> Ksh doesn't have ${x::=3Dy} so there's no direct comparison.
>
> With "ref" undeclared or with `typeset -n ref` (placeholder),
> ${!ref:=3Dvar} ksh always returns "ref" and ignores the assignment.
>
> So we're in a bit of uncharted territory here.  It's not clear that
> ::=3D should alter "ref".
>

As discussed in workers/55013 <https://zsh.org/workers/55013>, ksh's !
doesn't have much to do with Zsh's (!). Afaik, there is no equivalent of Zs=
h's
(!) in ksh. So we are on our own.

Is this a precedence issue?  I.e., should ${(!)ref::=3Dvar} be
> equivalent to ${(!)${ref::=3Dvar}} ?  (Which is the current behavior,
> right?)
>

Indeed, that produces the same result but in my opinion that's
definitely not what we want for the same reason we don't want ${(!)ref} to
be the same as ${(!)${ref}}, which is the same as ${ref}.

My reasoning is pretty simple. Zsh supports many different kinds of
expansion forms, like ${name}, ${name-word}, ${name+word}, ${name#pattern}.
In all of these, if (!) is used, the parameter "name" is NOT dereferenced
and it's its own value (the name of the referred variable) that is used.
For the same reason, ${name=3Dword}, ${name:=3Dword} and ${name::=3Dword} s=
hould
all act on that same value. Thus, ${(!)ref::=3Dword} should always have the
same effect as the assignment in "typeset -gn ref=3Dword" and then expand t=
o
"${(!)ref}".

Implementation-wise the patch simply makes it such that paramsubst can
pass SCANPM_NONAMEREF,
or an equivalent of it, not only to fetchvalue but also to assignsparam and
assignaparam.

Below is an updated patch obtained after rebasing onto HEAD.

- Fix bang flag in ${(!)ref::=3Dvar} substitutions
<https://github.com/paltherr/zsh/compare/fix-bang-flag-in-substitutions-sta=
rt...paltherr:zsh:fix-bang-flag-in-substitutions>

Philippe

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><span style=3D"background-color:transpare=
nt">On Sun, Jul 19, 2026 at 11:06=E2=80=AFPM Bart Schaefer &lt;</span><a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:[email protected]" target=3D"_blank" style=3D"backgrou=
nd-color:transparent">[email protected]</a><span style=3D"backgroun=
d-color:transparent">&gt; wrote:</span></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><bl=
ockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-lef=
t:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">On Fri, Jul 10, 2026 at 5:06=
=E2=80=AFAM Philippe Altherr<br>
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" target=3D"_blank">philipp=
[email protected]</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; The documentation states that with the substitution flag (!) the refer=
ence itself is examined, not its referent, but this fails in ${(!)ref::=3Dv=
ar} substitutions:<br>
<br>
I&#39;m unsure what to do with this one.<br>
<br>
Ksh doesn&#39;t have ${x::=3Dy} so there&#39;s no direct comparison.<br>
<br>
With &quot;ref&quot; undeclared or with `typeset -n ref` (placeholder),<br>
${!ref:=3Dvar} ksh always returns &quot;ref&quot; and ignores the assignmen=
t.<br>
<br>
So we&#39;re in a bit of uncharted territory here.=C2=A0 It&#39;s not clear=
 that<br>
::=3D should alter &quot;ref&quot;.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>As =
discussed in=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://zsh.org/workers/55013">workers/55013</=
a>, ksh&#39;s ! doesn&#39;t have much to do with Zsh&#39;s (!). Afaik, ther=
e is no equivalent of=C2=A0<span style=3D"background-color:transparent">Zsh=
&#39;s (!) in ksh. So we are on our own.</span></div><div><br></div><blockq=
uote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1p=
x solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
Is this a precedence issue?=C2=A0 I.e., should ${(!)ref::=3Dvar} be<br>
equivalent to ${(!)${ref::=3Dvar}} ?=C2=A0 (Which is the current behavior,<=
br>
right?)<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Indeed, that produces the same =
result but in my opinion that&#39;s definitely=C2=A0not what we want for th=
e same reason we don&#39;t want ${(!)ref} to be the same as ${(!)${ref}}, w=
hich is the same as ${ref}.</div><div><br></div><div>My reasoning is pretty=
 simple. Zsh supports many different kinds of expansion forms, like=C2=A0${=
name},=C2=A0${name-word},=C2=A0${name+word},=C2=A0${name#pattern}. In all o=
f these, if (!) is used, the parameter &quot;name&quot; is NOT dereferenced=
 and it&#39;s its own value (the name of the referred variable) that is use=
d. For the same reason,=C2=A0<span style=3D"background-color:transparent">$=
{name=3Dword},=C2=A0</span><span style=3D"background-color:transparent">${n=
ame:=3Dword} and=C2=A0</span><span style=3D"background-color:transparent">$=
{name::=3Dword} should all act on that same value. Thus,=C2=A0</span><span =
style=3D"background-color:transparent">${(!)ref::=3Dword} should always hav=
e the same effect as the assignment in &quot;typeset -gn ref=3Dword&quot; a=
nd then expand to &quot;${(!)ref}&quot;.</span></div><div><span style=3D"ba=
ckground-color:transparent"><br></span></div><div><span style=3D"background=
-color:transparent">Implementation-wise the patch simply makes it such that=
=C2=A0</span>paramsubst=C2=A0<span style=3D"background-color:transparent">c=
an pass </span><span style=3D"background-color:transparent">SCANPM_NONAMERE=
F, or an equivalent of it, not only to=C2=A0</span>fetchvalue but also=C2=
=A0<span style=3D"background-color:transparent">to=C2=A0</span>assignsparam=
<span style=3D"background-color:transparent">=C2=A0and=C2=A0</span><span st=
yle=3D"background-color:transparent">assignaparam</span><span style=3D"back=
ground-color:transparent">.</span></div><div><span style=3D"background-colo=
r:transparent"><br></span></div><div><span style=3D"background-color:transp=
arent">Below is an updated patch obtained after rebasing onto HEAD.</span><=
/div><div><span style=3D"background-color:transparent"><br></span></div><di=
v>-=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://github.com/paltherr/zsh/compare/fix-bang-flag-i=
n-substitutions-start...paltherr:zsh:fix-bang-flag-in-substitutions" target=
=3D"_blank">Fix bang flag in ${(!)ref::=3Dvar} substitutions</a><span style=
=3D"background-color:transparent"></span></div><div><span style=3D"backgrou=
nd-color:transparent"><br></span></div><div><span style=3D"background-color=
:transparent">Philippe</span></div><div><span style=3D"background-color:tra=
nsparent"><br></span></div></div>
</div>

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