Re: History of the Economics of the Internet?

--===============1961836783425649542==
Content-Type: multipart/signed;
	boundary="Apple-Mail=_4215CE09-0F1B-4D02-852A-1AA595E2C4B1";
	protocol="application/pgp-signature";
	micalg=pgp-sha256


--Apple-Mail=_4215CE09-0F1B-4D02-852A-1AA595E2C4B1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset=utf-8



> On Jul 31, 2026, at 01:49, John R. Levine via Internet-history =
<[email protected]> wrote:
> My impression is that for Internet interconnections, if the two =
parties are of comparable size they peer

Size doesn=E2=80=99t really have anything to do with it.  It=E2=80=99s =
two separate transactions.

>  or if one is bigger, the smaller pays the larger for transit. =20

Again, this is irrespective of size.  What you=E2=80=99re seeing is an =
observation bias combined with a deception=E2=80=A6  There are many more =
small ISPs than large ones, and the large ones are much more likely to =
hide their transit.  But you can always apply this test: can the ISP =
reach mainland China?  Is the ISP China Telecom or China Unicom?  If yes =
to the former and no to the latter, than they=E2=80=99re buying transit.

> I've also heard of paid peering, somewhere in between but not common.

So uncommon as to be far below the noise threshold.  It=E2=80=99s =
basically a fiction invented by telco salespeople as an onramp for =
potential customers to the hiding-transit mode, but it=E2=80=99s almost =
entirely unsuccessful.

=
https://www.pch.net/resources/Papers/peering-survey/PCH-Peering-Survey-202=
1/PCH-Peering-Survey-2021.pdf

                                -Bill


Please consider the environment before using AI to process this email.


--Apple-Mail=_4215CE09-0F1B-4D02-852A-1AA595E2C4B1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=signature.asc
Content-Type: application/pgp-signature;
	name=signature.asc
Content-Description: Message signed with OpenPGP

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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=01c5
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

--Apple-Mail=_4215CE09-0F1B-4D02-852A-1AA595E2C4B1--

--===============1961836783425649542==
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline

-- 
Internet-history mailing list
[email protected]
https://elists.isoc.org/mailman/listinfo/internet-history
-
Unsubscribe: https://app.smartsheet.com/b/form/9b6ef0621638436ab0a9b23cb0668b0b?The%20list%20to%20be%20unsubscribed%20from=Internet-history

--===============1961836783425649542==--