CryoNet #33079 - #33081

CryoNet - Sat 27 Nov 2010

    #33079: Bill Gates and Cryonics [John Clark]
    #33080: Chastising Charles [un person]
    #33081: Successful restoration of function of frozen and thawed isola... [oberon]

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Message #33079
From: John Clark <[email protected]>
Subject: Bill Gates and Cryonics
Date: Fri, 26 Nov 2010 10:44:17 -0500
References: <[email protected]>

--Apple-Mail-2--1053554911

> In  #33076 "John de Rivaz" <[email protected]> Wrote:

> I regard Dr Stodolsky's excellent analysis of the motives 
> behind the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation horribly convincing. Gates 
> comes from a legal background and is also obviously highly intelligent. He 
> wrote the first examples of the software that the world runs on today. It is 
> just a shame that he does not "see" cryonics, and has probably never even 
> considered it for a moment.

Well, back in 1993 this is what Bill Gates had to say about Eric Drexler's book "Engines of Creation" which had quite a lot about Cryonics as well as Nanotechnology in it:

"Incredible book! Incredible book! It's about how the information revolution
and biotechnology in combination are just part of a trend, and
he extrapolates that trend somewhat in a very plausible way over
the next fifty to a hundred years."

  John K Clark



--Apple-Mail-2--1053554911

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Message #33080
Date: Fri, 26 Nov 2010 18:33:07 -0800 (PST)
From: un person <[email protected]>
Subject: Chastising Charles

Charles Platt wrote:
>Who is this "us"? 



The non-rich majority. Thass who.


>And why do we, or they, deserve support? 



Aint got much to do with "deserving." The rich folks need our numbers. WIthout us they have no chance.
Tough titty if they don't like it.



>I think unperson really means that he will be in serious trouble if richer people don't support _him._ 



Perhaps. The facts however are the same. The rich people need us, and we do not have the $$.




>The backup unperson plan is--somehow, by means never explained--to reach out to people with religious faith and convince them that cryonics is the real answer to their prayers. 



Nonsense. I have shown a number of times how the Bible supports cryonics. You yourself are no doubt well aware of the verses. 
You PREACH. That is what you do to win convert. Ya git up and ya preach the cryogospel using the Bible. Pretty simple, reallly. It is all about jesus and immortality and the bible and cold stainless steel and LN2. 
Dude, religion is in our GENES. It is there, built-in. Hardwired. Do some reading. I done a lifetime's worth.

Any questions? Please be specific.


>So, unperson, what I suggest is that we remove this from the hypothetical realm. You go out and find just ONE religious person whom you can convince to share your faith in cryonics. Just one. 




Working on it. Actually, my messages in this vein are meant for young people who are interested in cryonics and may in the future come across my messages. I am planting seeds in the brains of future cryos. I am not trying to convince the older cryos who already have a set worldview. That is not how homo sapiens is constructed.




>And incidentally, I am not asking you to do something that I wouldn't do myself. My writing on cryonics was instrumental in bringing people into the field whom you should have heard of. 

I have heard of some whom you brought in. I am one of them. But I got older and kept learning and reading. I grew. What you read now is the result of that learning and growth. I have moved beyond you. Understand this: you and the other cryos are freaks. I am a freak among freaks.

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Message #33081
Date: Fri, 26 Nov 2010 23:32:35 -0800 (PST)
From: [email protected]
Subject: Successful restoration of function of frozen and thawed isola...

Elami et al used a directional freezing device from Core Dynamics (see below). The full research report stated concern over cryoprotectant toxicity. Perhaps somebody might wish to have a talk with them about donating some vitrification solution for their use.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008 Mar;135(3):666-72, 672.e1.
Successful restoration of function of frozen and thawed isolated rat hearts.
Elami A, Gavish Z, Korach A, Houminer E, Schneider A, Schwalb H, Arav A. The Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and the Joseph Lunenfeld Cardiac Surgery Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Abstract
    OBJECTIVE: Long-term organ preservation for transplantation may allow optimal donor-recipient matching with potential reduction in the incidence and severity of rejection. Complete cessation of metabolism may be obtained by freezing. Previous attempts to freeze intact mammalian hearts were limited to -3.6 degrees C, restricting tissue ice content to 34%. We hypothesized that our method will allow recovery of function of the intact rat heart after freezing to -8 degrees C, a temperature at which most of the tissue water is frozen.
METHODS: Isolated rat hearts were attached to a Langendorff apparatus. After normothermic perfusion, cold cardioplegia was induced followed by perfusion with a cryoprotecting agent. Hearts were than frozen to -8 degrees C (45 +/- 8 minutes), thawed, and reperfused (60 minutes).
RESULTS: All frozen and thawed hearts regained normal electric activity. At -8 degrees C, ice content was 64.36% +/- 13%. The use of 10% ethylene glycol for cryoprotection (n = 13) resulted in recovery (mean +/- standard deviation) of 49.7% +/- 21.8% of +dP/dt, 48.0% +/- 23.5% of -dP/dt, 65.2% +/- 30.8% of coronary flow, and 50.4% +/- 23.9% of left ventricular developed pressure. Hearts in this group (n = 4) maintained 81.3% +/- 10% viability compared with 69.3% +/- 14% (not significant) in control hearts kept at 0 degrees C for the same duration. Energy stores, represented by adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine, were depleted to 12.2 +/- 6.1 micromol/g dry weight and 22.5 +/- 6.4 micromol/g dry weight, respectively, compared with 19.0 +/- 2.5 micromol/g dry weight and 36.6 +/- 3.0 
 micromol/g dry weight, respectively (P < .05) in the control hearts. The integrity of muscle fibers and intracellular organelles after thawing and reperfusion was demonstrated by electron mi
 croscopy.
CONCLUSION: We demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of functional recovery after freezing and thawing of the isolated rat heart while maintaining structural integrity and viability.
PMID: 18329491

____________________________________________

Directional freezing does not use a varying magnetic field to suppress the formation of large ice crystals. I wonder whether there might not be a synergism between these two technologies.

http://www.coredynamics.com/

Cell Preservation
using Core Dynamics' Cryopreservation Technologies

Freeze dried and reconstituted leukocytes

Core Dynamics is developing new methods for freezing, thawing and freeze-drying cells. The company's unique freezing and thawing technology allows precise control, and in a repeatable process, with high recovery, survival and function of cells after thawing.
Cells, preserved with the Company's technologies and specially developed protocols can be stored for long time periods at room temperature and subsequently rehydrated with resultant high rates of cell viability and functionality. The company's preservation technologies are already providing means for cell storage of cell types that are being studied for therapeutic purposes.
This breakthrough is based in part on the innovative freezing technology called Multi Thermal Gradient (MTGT) freezing developed by the company. This freezing method, also known as directional freezing, achieves low temperature freezing without the use of glycerol or DMSO, the additives commonly used today to freeze cells.
Core Dynamics has expanded the scope of its basic directional freezing technology to include a number of different freezing methods adapted to different materials. The directional freezing, coupled with the Company's freeze-drying technology, are making it possible to freeze-dry a variety of cell types.
Core Dynamics provides companies and institutions the opportunity to collaborate on the development of cell preservation methods and protocols to suit specific cell types.

Company Profile

>From science fiction to science that reads like fiction, the field of cryopreservation has captured the imagination of many. We are fascinated by natural phenomena such as the wood frog (Rana sylvatica), which can freeze during its winter hibernation when 35-45% of the frog's body may turn to ice. Or, for example certain, Antarctic fish that thrive in ice water and tardigrades, tiny 1mm invertebrates that can freeze in winter and completely dry out during the summer.
Core Dynamics is a biotechnology company that is stretching the horizons of the science of cryopreservation. The company is active in the research and development of unique freezing, thawing and freeze drying technologies that are being applied in work with cell preservation, blood transfusion, and tissue and organ transplantation. The company has developed unique protocols, equipment and solutions for cryopreservation of cells, of tissues such as osteo-articular cartilage and of whole organs.
Core Dynamics hopes to develop additional applications through research partnerships involving its advanced cryopreservation technologies.
Core Dynamics' Research and Development center is located in Ness Ziona, Israel, with a staff of over 30 research scientists and support personnel. Company management has wide experience in the fields of medicine, cryopreservation and cell biology. The company's commercial offices are located in Rockville, Maryland.

Research in Freezing, Thawing and Freeze-Drying
Core Dynamics' research has led to the successful freezing and lyophilization of white blood cells and stem cells. The ability to preserve and store cells at room temperature, thereby negating the logistical problems involved in transportation and storage in freezers and liquid nitrogen will open a world of possibilities for research and work with many varieties of cells.
Applying the company's MTG freezing technology and freezing protocols to cartilage has led to the successful long term preservation of osteo-articular allograft plugs. In a series of clinical trials over the past year preserved plugs have been transplanted in patients suffering from cartilage damage in the knee.
In the area of whole organs Core Dynamics has successfully transplanted frozen thawed ovaries in large animals. In the near future this technology will be applied to human ovaries for the purpose of fertility preservation in young female patients undergoing chemo and radiotherapy.
Core Dynamics is confident that supplies of lyophilized (freeze dried) cells and preserved tissues and organs screened for contamination will revolutionize the field of cell therapy, the blood transfusion and transplantation industries and other research involving a wide variety of cells.

__________________________________

Reprod Biomed Online. 2010 Jan;20(1):48-52. Epub 2009 Oct 31.
Ovarian function 6 years after cryopreservation and transplantation of whole sheep ovaries.
Arav A, Gavish Z, Elami A, Natan Y, Revel A, Silber S, Gosden RG, Patrizio P. Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
Abstract
    Whole ovary cryopreservation and transplantation has been proposed as a method for preserving long-term ovarian function. This work reports ovarian function 6years post transplantation of frozen-thawed whole sheep ovaries. Three 9-month-old Assaf sheep underwent unilateral oophorectomy to provide organs for the experiments. After perfusing with cold University of Wisconsin solution supplemented with 10% dimethyl sulphoxide, ovaries were cryopreserved using unidirectional solidification freezing technology. After thawing, ovaries were re-perfused and re-transplanted orthotopically by microvascular re-anastomosis, to the contralateral ovarian pedicle after removing the remaining ovary. Six years following transplantation and after inducing superovulation, the sheep were killed and the ov
 aries analysed. Two ovaries had normal size and shape showing some recent corpora lutea, while the third showed atrophic changes. A total of 36 antral follicles were counted by transillumina
 tion and four germinal vesicle oocytes were aspirated and matured in vitro to metaphase II. Serum progesterone concentrations were indicative of ovulatory activity in one of the three sheep. Histological evaluations revealed normal tissue architecture, intact blood vessels and follicles at various stages. Currently, this is the longest recorded ovarian function after cryopreservation and re-transplantation. Cryopreservation of whole ovaries, using directional freezing combined with microvascular anastomosis, is a promising method for preserving long-term reproductive capacity and endocrine function.
Copyright (c) 2009 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMID: 20158987

Rejuvenation Res. 2008 Aug;11(4):765-72.
Cryopreservation of whole murine and porcine livers.
Gavish Z, Ben-Haim M, Arav A. Core Dynamics Ltd., Nes Ziona, Israel.
Abstract
    Preservation of vascularized organs, such as the liver, is limited to 24 h before destructive processes disqualify them for transplantation. This narrow window of opportunity prevents the performance of optimal pathogen screening and matching tests and possibly results in the need for retransplantation. Numerous problems are associated with freezing and thawing a whole liver while preserving its viability upon thawing, including complicated geometry, poor heat transfer, release of latent heat, and the difficulty of generating a uniform cooling rate. On the basis of our past success with sheep ovaries, we have now applied our novel freezing technique to a larger solid organ, the liver. Whole rat and pig livers were frozen and thawed using directional solidification apparatus, and viabil
 ity of these livers was tested by means of integrity and functionality in vitro and in auxiliary liver transplantation. The thawed rat and porcine livers were intact and demonstrated >80% vi
 ability. Histology revealed normal architecture. Bile production and blood flow following auxiliary transplantation were normal as well. Our encouraging results in applying this novel cryopreservation technique in rat and pig livers suggest that this method may enable better human organ donor-recipient matching in the future.
PMID: 18729808

Semin Reprod Med. 2009 Nov;27(6):438-42. Epub 2009 Oct 5.
Directional freezing: a solution to the methodological challenges to preserve large organs.
Arav A, Natan Y. Animal Science, Beit Dagan, Israel.
Abstract
    Although 60 years have passed since the first successful freezing of cells, whole organ freezing is in its initial phase. Heat and mass transfer has limited the success of large tissue and organ cryopreservation either by slow freezing or vitrification. In this article we discuss the limiting factors for the successful freezing of whole organs, such as homogeneous cooling rate, supercooling, latent heat, and recrystallization. We show how the use of directional freezing technology provides solutions to these problems. Whole ovary cryopreservation and transplantation has been proposed as a new method for preserving long-term ovarian function as opposed to ovarian cortical slices. Fertility preservation will benefit from the success of whole ovary freezing and transplantation.
Thieme Medical Publishers.
PMID: 19806511

J Endod. 2010 Aug;36(8):1336-40. Epub 2010 Jun 23.
Effects of cryopreservation of intact teeth on the isolated dental pulp stem cells.
Lee SY, Chiang PC, Tsai YH, Tsai SY, Jeng JH, Kawata T, Huang HM. School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract
    INTRODUCTION: Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been reported to be useful material for future regenerative medicine. Clinically, cryopreservation of intact teeth can successfully preserve the periodontal ligament for future autotransplantation; however, the effects of cryopreservation procedure on the properties of DPSCs are still unclear. The aim of this study was to test whether DPSCs isolated from cryopreserved teeth can express stem cell-specific markers.
METHODS: In this study, a novel programmable freezer coupled to a magnetic field was used to perform the cryopreservation experiments. The tested DPSCs were isolated from magnetically cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved fresh teeth with an enzyme digestion procedure. The success rate of isolation, growth curves, morphology, stem cell-specific markers, and the differentiation capacity of the isolated cells were evaluated and compared.
RESULTS: The isolation rate of dental pulp cells from magnetically cryopreserved teeth was 73%. After culture for 5 generations, there was no significant difference in cell viability between cells isolated from magnetically cryopreserved teeth and those isolated from fresh teeth. There were also no visible differences between the 2 groups of dental pulp cells in morphology, expression of stem cell markers, or osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that cryopreserved whole teeth can be used for autotransplantation and provide a viable source of DPSCs.
Copyright 2010 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PMID: 20647092

Cryobiology. 2010 Aug;61(1):73-8. Epub 2010 May 15.
Cryopreservation of periodontal ligament cells with magnetic field for tooth banking.
Kaku M, Kamada H, Kawata T, Koseki H, Abedini S, Kojima S, Motokawa M, Fujita T, Ohtani J, Tsuka N, Matsuda Y, Sunagawa H, Hernandes RA, Ohwada N, Tanne K. Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
Abstract
    The purpose of this study was to establish a long-term tooth cryopreservation method that can be used for tooth autotransplantation. Human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells were frozen in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO) using a programmed freezer with a magnetic field. Cells were cryopreserved for 7 days at -150 degrees C. Immediately after thawing, the number of surviving cells was counted and the cells were cultured; cultured cells were examined after 48 h. Results indicated that a 0.01 mT of a magnetic field, a 15-min hold-time, and a plunging temperature of -30 degrees C led to the greatest survival rate of PDL cells. Based on these findings, whole teeth were cryopreserved under the same conditions for 1 year. The organ culture revealed that the PDL cells of cryopreserved tooth wit
 h a magnetic field could proliferate as much as a fresh tooth, although the cells did not appear in the cryopreserved tooth without a magnetic field. Histological examination and the transmi
 ssion electron microscopic image of cryopreserved tooth with a magnetic field did not show any destruction of cryopreserved cells. In contrast, severe cell damage was seen in cells frozen without a magnetic field. These results indicated that a magnetic field programmed freezer is available for tooth cryopreservation.
(c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PMID: 20478291

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