Re: Adding GPS location to IPv6 header

"Fred Baker (fred)" <[email protected]> Fri, 16 Nov 2012 03:05:11 +0000
Newsgroups gmane.ietf.ipv6,gmane.ietf.geopriv
Message-ID <[email protected]>
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You may certainly file an internet draft with your ideas. You will want to =
read about what an Internet Draft is and how to file one. http://www.ietf.o=
rg/id-info/

Filing an Internet Draft does not imply consensus around the specification,=
 and you will need to build that consensus. You will want to make your case=
, and I would suggest starting on the geopriv mailing list, although the ca=
se will eventually have to be made to 6man. http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/=
geopriv/charter/.

One consideration you should take in view is that the IPv6 header is not en=
crypted, so information found in it is globally readable. If there is ever =
a case in which your GPS location is needed by the application but may need=
 to be guarded for privacy reasons, you will want to put it in the applicat=
ion layer (above the transport, guarded by IPsec or TLS), not the network l=
ayer. In fact, I would expect that 6man might tell you that the IPv6 header=
 has one primary purpose, which is to conduct a datagram from the sender's =
system to the intended receiver's system; if the data doesn't help achieve =
that, it's probably in the wrong header.

On Nov 10, 2012, at 7:05 AM, Ammar Salih wrote:

Hello IETF, based on my discussions with both ipv6 and geopriv teams, I=92v=
e written the below document to summarize few ideas.
Is it possible to publish this on IETF website? even if it will not be impl=
emented now, at least for documentation and requesting feedback from the co=
mmunity.

Many thanks.
Ammar


Ammar J. Salih
Baghdad, Iraq
October 30, 2012
Title: IP-LOC



Adding GPS location to IPv6 header

Abstract:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

   This document describes IP-LOC, an extension to IPv6 header which sugges=
ts adding GPS coordinates, as the current method of determining the locatio=
n of IP traffic is through IP address registration database, which is not v=
ery accurate as it depends on how the ISP registers its IP subnets, that is=
 normally done in a country/city format.

It also assumes that in the future, GPS capability will be added to the rou=
ter itself (just like smart phones) and packet marking and classification b=
ased on geo-location will be required.

QoS, firewall and routing based on geo-location will be highly required whe=
n mobile routers move from one geo-location to another which has different =
policy.





Benefits of adding GPS location to IPv6 header (IP-LOC)
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D


Web Services: getting more accurate locations will enhance many services pr=
ovided by the web, like targeted commercials (for example, I can get Ads re=
garding restaurants available in my neighborhoods instead of all restaurant=
s in the city), another good example would be webpage=92s language, my lang=
uage will be detected more accurately based on my area rather than my count=
ry, as there are many countries with more than one popular language, not me=
ntioning that many ip registrations does not even reflect the traffic origi=
nating country.
-------------------------------

Information accuracy and control: Nowadays, locations are assigned to IP ad=
dresses without user awareness or control, every time a user performs ip-lo=
okup query the response would be different based on how the ISP has registe=
red this IP subnet, IP-LOC suggests making locations more accurate and cont=
rollable through OS and network devices, exactly like IP addresses (user ca=
n change his/her IP address, but router can also modify the header informat=
ion - in case it's required).
-------------------------------

Routing: Policy based routing, based on geo-location, like routing predefin=
ed traffic through certain server or path, for different purposes (security=
, manageability, serviceability like choosing language, or routing traffic =
to specific cashing or proxy server based on country .. etc)
-------------------------------

Copyright law: It happens when certain media/web content is not allowed in =
certain countries due to copyright law, the current method of determining l=
ocations is not accurate at all, on other hand, If layer-7 application to b=
e used then the user might be able to manipulate the location field, in thi=
s case (if it=92s required in future) the ISP can tag traffic with country/=
city more accurately as traffic passes through ISP=92s boarder routers.
-------------------------------

Maps, navigation, emergency calls and many other services will be also enha=
nced with accurate locations.





CURRENT ARGUMENTS AGAINST THIS IDEA:
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
=93Adding GPS position to every IPv6 header would add a lot of overhead=94

Response: It does not have to be in every IPv6 header, only when there is l=
ocation update, also the host should have the option of not to send locatio=
n updates.

-------------------------------

=93What about privacy?=94

Response: User should have the option of not sending location updates. User=
 should also have the ability to set location to all zeros, in this case no=
 router will modify the location field and user loses the location-based se=
rvices.

If it=92s router-to-router link, then no need to be worried about privacy a=
s such information usually configured on a separate network.

--------------------------------

=93a good alternative would be to create application layer protocols that c=
ould request and send GPS positions=94

Response: the layer-7 location request will not be detected by layer-3 devi=
ces (Routers), I am assuming that in the future, GPS capability will be add=
ed to the router itself (just like smart phones), features like packet mark=
ing and classification based on geo-location will be required to enforce th=
e new geo-location policies.

--------------------------------

=93For location-based routing protocols: Why would you want this?  Geograph=
ical location isn't actually that important a metric for routing; what you =
care about there is *topological* location, how far I am away from you in t=
erms of hops or latency=94

Response: For shortest path maybe yes, hops or latency is important, not fo=
r policy-based routing, in our case you might want to do location-based rou=
ting, like, routing traffic coming from French speaking users (in multi-lan=
guage country like Canada) to google.fr<http://google.fr/>

---------------------------------

=93For geolocation-based ACLs: you have the problem that if the geolocation=
 is attached by the endpoint, then it can't be trusted, since the endpoint =
would lie to get past the ACL.  If it's attached by a router, the ACL needs=
 to have proof that the router attached it (and not the endpoint), which me=
ans that you would need a signed geolocation header=94

Response: You could have the router modify the location field anyways, just=
 like L3 QoS fields, if you don't trust the host, so no need for encryption=
 or security, additionally,  ACL is not only for security, it could be used=
 for routing, QoS ..etc, so the host will not always has the motivation to =
manipulate the location field.

---------------------------------

=93Why can=92t you simply implement rules related to geo-locations statical=
ly on the network device (router, firewall .. etc)?=94

Response: To enforce new geo-location policies automatically, let=92s assum=
e that a mobile router (like a mobile BTS in a GSM network) moved from city=
-x to city-y, and according to city-x regulations VoIP calls over GSM netwo=
rk is allowed, but city-y regulations do not allow that. Now the topology m=
ay reflect same network metrics in both cities but there is no rule that tr=
iggers configuration change based on geo-location.

---------------------------------


What do you think?


Author/Contact Information:

   Ammar J. Salih
   Baghdad, Iraq

   Phone: +964 770 533 0306
   Email: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>

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----------------------------------------------------
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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3DWindows-1=
252">
</head>
<body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-lin=
e-break: after-white-space; ">
You may certainly file an internet draft with your ideas. You will want to =
read about what an Internet Draft is and how to file one.&nbsp;<a href=3D"h=
ttp://www.ietf.org/id-info/">http://www.ietf.org/id-info/</a>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Filing an Internet Draft does not imply consensus around the specifica=
tion, and you will need to build that consensus. You will want to make your=
 case, and I would suggest starting on the geopriv mailing list, although t=
he case will eventually have to
 be made to 6man.&nbsp;<a href=3D"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/geopriv/ch=
arter/">http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/geopriv/charter/</a>.&nbsp;</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>One consideration you should take in view is that the IPv6 header is n=
ot encrypted, so information found in it is globally readable.&nbsp;If ther=
e is ever a case in which your GPS location is needed by the application bu=
t may need to be guarded for privacy
 reasons, you will want to put it in the application layer (above the trans=
port, guarded by IPsec or TLS), not the network layer. In fact, I would exp=
ect that 6man might tell you that the IPv6 header has one primary purpose, =
which is to conduct a datagram from
 the sender's system to the intended receiver's system; if the data doesn't=
 help achieve that, it's probably in the wrong header.</div>
<div>
<div><br>
<div>
<div>On Nov 10, 2012, at 7:05 AM, Ammar Salih wrote:</div>
<br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline">
<blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-=
collapse: separate; font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-varian=
t: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal=
; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: n=
one; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-hori=
zontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-dec=
orations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stro=
ke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; ">
<div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple">
<div class=3D"WordSection1" style=3D"page: WordSection1; ">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); ">H=
ello IETF, based on my discussions with both ipv6 and geopriv teams, I=92ve=
 written the below document to summarize few ideas.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); ">I=
s it possible to publish this on IETF website? even if it will not be imple=
mented now, at least for documentation and requesting feedback from the com=
munity.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); "><=
o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); ">M=
any thanks.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); ">A=
mmar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Ammar J. Sali=
h<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Baghdad, Iraq=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></sp=
an></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">October 30, 2=
012<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Title: IP-LOC=
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; text-align: center; ">
<b><span style=3D"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Adding GPS=
 location to IPv6 header<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; text-align: center; ">
<b><span style=3D"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp=
;</o:p></span></b></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Abstract:<o:p=
></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
This document describes IP-LOC, an extension to IPv6 header which suggests =
adding GPS coordinates, as the current method of determining the location o=
f IP traffic is through IP address registration
 database, which is not very accurate as it depends on how the ISP register=
s its IP subnets, that is normally done in a country/city format.<o:p></o:p=
></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">It also assum=
es that in the future, GPS capability will be added to the router itself (j=
ust like smart phones) and packet marking and classification based on geo-l=
ocation will be required.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">QoS, firewall=
 and routing based on geo-location will be highly required when mobile rout=
ers move from one geo-location to another which has different policy.<o:p><=
/o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Benefits of a=
dding GPS location to IPv6 header (IP-LOC)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"color: black; ">Web Services: getting more accurate location=
s will enhance many services provided by the web, like targeted commercials=
 (for example, I can get Ads regarding restaurants available in my neighbor=
hoods instead of all restaurants in
 the city), another good example would be webpage=92s language, my language=
 will be detected more accurately based on my area rather than my country, =
as there are many countries with more than one popular language, not mentio=
ning that many ip registrations does
 not even reflect the traffic originating country.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
-------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"color: black; ">Information accuracy and control: Nowadays, =
locations are assigned to IP addresses without user awareness or control, e=
very time a user performs ip-lookup query the response would be different b=
ased on how the ISP has registered
 this IP subnet, IP-LOC suggests making locations more accurate and control=
lable through OS and network devices, exactly like IP addresses (user can c=
hange his/her IP address, but router can also modify the header information=
 - in case it's required).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
-------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"color: black; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"color: black; ">Routing: Policy based routing, based on geo-=
location, like routing predefined traffic through certain server or path, f=
or different purposes (security, manageability, serviceability like choosin=
g language, or routing traffic to
 specific cashing or proxy server based on country .. etc)<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
-------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"color: black; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"color: black; ">Copyright law: It happens when certain media=
/web content is not allowed in certain countries due to copyright law, the =
current method of determining locations is not accurate at all, on other ha=
nd, If layer-7 application to be used
 then the user might be able to manipulate the location field, in this case=
 (if it=92s required in future) the ISP can tag traffic with country/city m=
ore accurately as traffic passes through ISP=92s boarder routers.<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
-------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Maps, navigation, emergency calls and many other services will be also enha=
nced with accurate locations.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<pre style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">CURRENT AR=
GUMENTS AGAINST THIS IDEA:<o:p></o:p></pre>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<o:p></o:p></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
=93Adding GPS position to every IPv6 header would add a lot of overhead=94<=
o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Response: It does not have to be in every IPv6 header, only when there is l=
ocation update, also the host should have the option of not to send locatio=
n updates.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
-------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
=93What about privacy?=94<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Response: User should have the option of not sending location updates. User=
 should also have the ability to set location to all zeros, in this case no=
 router will modify the location field and user loses the location-based se=
rvices.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
If it=92s router-to-router link, then no need to be worried about privacy a=
s such information usually configured on a separate network.<o:p></o:p></di=
v>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
--------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
=93a good alternative would be to create application layer protocols that c=
ould request and send GPS positions=94<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Response: the layer-7 location request will not be detected by layer-3 devi=
ces (Routers), I am assuming that in the future, GPS capability will be add=
ed to the router itself (just like smart phones), features like packet mark=
ing and classification based on
 geo-location will be required to enforce the new geo-location policies.<o:=
p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
--------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
=93For location-based routing protocols: Why would you want this?&nbsp; Geo=
graphical location isn't actually that important a metric for routing; what=
 you care about there is *topological* location, how far I am away from you=
 in terms of hops or latency=94<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Response: For shortest path maybe yes, hops or latency is important, not fo=
r policy-based routing, in our case you might want to do location-based rou=
ting, like, routing traffic coming from French speaking users (in multi-lan=
guage country like Canada) to<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</=
span><a href=3D"http://google.fr/" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: u=
nderline; ">google.fr</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
---------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
=93For geolocation-based ACLs: you have the problem that if the geolocation=
 is attached by the endpoint, then it can't be trusted, since the endpoint =
would lie to get past the ACL.&nbsp; If it's attached by a router, the ACL =
needs to have proof that the router attached
 it (and not the endpoint), which means that you would need a signed geoloc=
ation header=94<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Response: You could have the router modify the location field anyways, just=
 like L3 QoS fields, if you don't trust the host, so no need for encryption=
 or security, additionally,&nbsp; ACL is not only for security, it could be=
 used for routing, QoS ..etc, so the
 host will not always has the motivation to manipulate the location field.<=
o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
---------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
=93Why can=92t you simply implement rules related to geo-locations statical=
ly on the network device (router, firewall .. etc)?=94<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
Response: To enforce new geo-location policies automatically, let=92s assum=
e that a mobile router (like a mobile BTS in a GSM network) moved from city=
-x to city-y, and according to city-x regulations VoIP calls over GSM netwo=
rk is allowed, but city-y regulations
 do not allow that. Now the topology may reflect same network metrics in bo=
th cities but there is no rule that triggers configuration change based on =
geo-location.<o:p></o:p></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">
---------------------------------<o:p></o:p></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">What do you t=
hink?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">Author/Contac=
t Information:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Ammar J. Salih<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Baghdad, Iraq<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Phone: &#43;964 770 533 0306<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibr=
i, sans-serif; ">
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Email:<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><a href=3D"mailto:=
[email protected]" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline; =
">[email protected]</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-=
bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 17px; font-size: 11pt; font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
</div>
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<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: und=
erline; ">[email protected]</a><br>
Administrative Requests:<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>=
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ipv6" style=3D"color: blue=
; text-decoration: underline; ">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ipv6<=
/a><br>
--------------------------------------------------------------------</div>
</span></blockquote>
</div>
<br>
<div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; c=
olor: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-varian=
t: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal=
; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: n=
one; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-hori=
zontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-dec=
orations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stro=
ke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; ">
<div>
<div>----------------------------------------------------</div>
<div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font=
-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-size: small; ">The&nbsp=
;</span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: rgb(34, 34, 34); f=
ont-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-size: small; "><em s=
tyle=3D"font-style: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">ignorance</em></span><sp=
an class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family:=
 arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-size: small; ">&nbsp;of
 how to&nbsp;</span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: rgb(34=
, 34, 34); font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-size: sm=
all; "><em style=3D"font-style: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">use new</em>=
</span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: rgb(34, 34, 34); fo=
nt-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-size: small; ">&nbsp;=
knowledge&nbsp;</span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: rgb(=
34, 34, 34); font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-size: =
small; "><em style=3D"font-style: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">stockpiles
 exponentially</em></span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"color: =
rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12px; font-si=
ze: small; ">.</span>&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; - Marshall McLuhan</div>
</div>
</span></div>
<br>
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