[manet] Re: Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-eastla ke-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt

Donald Eastlake <[email protected]> Tue, 14 Jul 2026 10:10:00 -0400
Newsgroups gmane.ietf.manet
Message-ID <CAF4+nEFjRbTyncntr=creznCJbC6kr7HRuRnAnDpD46QjDvi5w@mail.gmail.com>
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Hi Fred,

See below for follow-up to your follow-up:

On Mon, Jul 13, 2026 at 6:13=E2=80=AFPM Templin (US), Fred L <
[email protected]> wrote:
>
> Hi Donald, see below for follow-up:
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Donald Eastlake <[email protected]>
> > Sent: Monday, July 13, 2026 2:50 PM
> > To: Templin (US), Fred L <[email protected]>
> > Cc: manet <[email protected]>
> > Subject: Re: [manet] Fwd: New Version Notification for
draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt
> >
> > Hi Fred,
> >
> > On Mon, Jul 13, 2026 at 10:11=E2=80=AFAM Templin (US), Fred L
> > <[email protected]> wrote:
> > >
> > > Thanks for the draft, Donald. A couple of quick comments:
> > >
> > > ...
>
> > > The draft is obviously still in early stages, but future versions may
benefit from a discussion of multiple interfaces =E2=80=93 both multiple Wi=
-Fi mesh
> > interfaces and heterogeneous interface types (such as Wi-Fi mesh with
5G).
> >
> > As for multiple interfaces, I agree at a high level, though there are
> > several complexities to consider:
> >
> > 1.  While it is possible to have multiple IEEE 802 interfaces (such as
> > Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Ethernet), Wi-Fi mesh and similar
> > multi-interface extensions would likely continue to route based on MAC
> > addresses.
>
> OK, so I see now what you mean by "mesh" is multi-hop routing based on
MAC addresses and not "classical" MANET routing based on IP addresses. If
yes, then I think we may need to reconsider use of the term "mesh" in the
MANET Internetworking draft because the intention there was for IP
address-based forwarding.

I don't think the word "mesh" is limited to a particular layer in the OSI
model. In the IETF it almost always means layer 3, IP mesh. But IEEE 802.11
(Wi-Fi) and 802.15.x (Bluetooth, etc.) and 802.1 (bridging) are all layer
2. (I'm not sure it makes sense to talk about a layer 1 "mesh" although I
guess you could have a complicated acyclic layer 1 network with amplifiers,
junctions, copper <-> optical fiber converters...) I think it's fine for
the MANET internetworking draft to continue to use "mesh" for IP mesh and,
if anything, the "Wi-Fi mesh" draft should make it clearer that it is NOT
layer-3/IP.

> > A Wi-Fi mesh appears to higher levels, like IP routers or
> > hosts, as a single multi-access link.
>
> Yes, it looks like an Ethernet switch with all nodes as single-hop
neighbors at the IP layer even though there may be multiple hops needed at
the MAC layer - correct?

Yes, although, of course, the cost/bandwidth/delay between any pair of
interfaces attached to this synthetic multi-access link may be different
from those measures for other pairs of interfaces.

> > It is entirely possible to have
> > an instance of Babel routing on IP addresses where some links are
> > actually Wi-Fi mesh instances using disjoint Babel or other MAC
> > address routing. I am not certain that 5G would be an appropriate
> > interface type in this context.
>
> Sorry - I meant to specify 5G SideLink - as in, operating outside the
context of 5G infrastructure. Then, with forwarding at the IP layer instead
of the MAC layer the 5G SideLink and 802.11 in "ad-hoc mode" could be
multiple interfaces belonging to the same MANET.
>
> > 2.  A station with a single Wi-Fi radio can have multiple mesh
> > peerings. However, if you are referring to multiple radios, my
> > understanding is that 802.11 requires a logically separate station per
> > radio=E2=80=94even if physically combined=E2=80=94each with a different=
 MAC address.
> > This area requires further thought.
>
> I think multiple interfaces doing MAC-layer forwarding is a different
analysis than multiple interfaces doing IP-layer forwarding. So, I think I
will stop now to avoid introducing any more confusion.

Ok. =F0=9F=99=82

Thanks,
Donald
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
 Donald E. Eastlake 3rd
 2386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka, FL 32703 USA
 [email protected]

> Thank you - Fred
>
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Donald
> > =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
> >  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd
> >  2386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka, FL 32703 USA
> >  [email protected]
> >
> > > Thank you =E2=80=93 Fred Templin
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > From: Donald Eastlake <[email protected]>
> > > Sent: Friday, July 10, 2026 6:45 PM
> > > To: manet <[email protected]>
> > > Subject: [EXTERNAL] [manet] Fwd: New Version Notification for
draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > I have posted an early, incomplete draft on the use of Babel for
Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) mesh. Sorry it isn't further along but it is a start.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > > Donald
> > > =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
> > >  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd
> > >  2386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka, FL 32703 USA
> > >  [email protected]
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > ---------- Forwarded message ---------
> > > From: <[email protected]>
> > > Date: Mon, Jul 6, 2026 at 7:00=E2=80=AFPM
> > > Subject: New Version Notification for
draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt
> > > To: Donald E. Eastlake 3rd <[email protected]>
> > >
> > >
> > > A new version of Internet-Draft
draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt has
> > > been successfully submitted by Donald E. Eastlake 3rd and posted to
the
> > > IETF repository.
> > >
> > > Name:     draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi
> > > Revision: 00
> > > Title:    Babel for Wi-Fi (IEEE Std 802.11) Mesh
> > > Date:     2026-07-05
> > > Group:    Individual Submission
> > > Pages:    8
> > > URL:
https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt
> > > Status:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi/
> > > HTML:
https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.html
> > > HTMLized:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi
> > >
> > >
> > > Abstract:
> > >
> > >    The BABEL routing protocol (RFC 8966) is well applicable (RFC 8967=
)
> > >    to networks with unstable link metrics such as wireless networks.
> > >    Wi-Fi (IEEE Std 802.11-2024) is an example of such a network and
the
> > >    Wi-Fi standard includes a mesh feature which was specified to be
> > >    configurable for different routing protocols and link metrics.
This
> > >    document specifies how, in Wi-Fi mesh, to use BABEL and/or the
delay
> > >    based link metric specified in RFC 9616.
> > >
> > >
> > > The IETF Secretariat
> > >
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Hi Fred,<br><br>See below for follow-up to your follow-up:=
<br><br>On Mon, Jul 13, 2026 at 6:13=E2=80=AFPM Templin (US), Fred L &lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&gt=
; wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Hi Donald, see below for follow-up:<br>&gt;<br>&gt=
; &gt; -----Original Message-----<br>&gt; &gt; From: Donald Eastlake &lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; Sen=
t: Monday, July 13, 2026 2:50 PM<br>&gt; &gt; To: Templin (US), Fred L &lt;=
<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&=
gt;<br>&gt; &gt; Cc: manet &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">manet@ietf=
.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; Subject: Re: [manet] Fwd: New Version Notificatio=
n for draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt<br>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; Hi =
Fred,<br>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; On Mon, Jul 13, 2026 at 10:11=E2=80=AFAM Te=
mplin (US), Fred L<br>&gt; &gt; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Fred.L.Templin@boeing=
.com">[email protected]</a>&gt; wrote:<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &g=
t; &gt; Thanks for the draft, Donald. A couple of quick comments:<br>&gt; &=
gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; ...<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; The draft is obvio=
usly still in early stages, but future versions may benefit from a discussi=
on of multiple interfaces =E2=80=93 both multiple Wi-Fi mesh<br>&gt; &gt; i=
nterfaces and heterogeneous interface types (such as Wi-Fi mesh with 5G).<b=
r>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; As for multiple interfaces, I agree at a high leve=
l, though there are<br>&gt; &gt; several complexities to consider:<br>&gt; =
&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; 1.=C2=A0 While it is possible to have multiple IEEE 802 i=
nterfaces (such as<br>&gt; &gt; Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Ethernet), Wi-Fi mesh=
 and similar<br>&gt; &gt; multi-interface extensions would likely continue =
to route based on MAC<br>&gt; &gt; addresses.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; OK, so I see =
now what you mean by &quot;mesh&quot; is multi-hop routing based on MAC add=
resses and not &quot;classical&quot; MANET routing based on IP addresses. I=
f yes, then I think we may need to reconsider use of the term &quot;mesh&qu=
ot; in the MANET Internetworking draft because the intention there was for =
IP address-based forwarding.<br><br>I don&#39;t think the word &quot;mesh&q=
uot; is limited to a particular layer in the OSI model. In the IETF it almo=
st always means layer 3, IP mesh. But IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) and 802.15.x (Blu=
etooth, etc.) and 802.1 (bridging) are all layer 2. (I&#39;m not sure it ma=
kes sense to talk about a layer 1 &quot;mesh&quot; although I guess you cou=
ld have a complicated acyclic layer 1 network with amplifiers, junctions, c=
opper &lt;-&gt; optical fiber converters...) I think it&#39;s fine for the =
MANET internetworking draft to continue to use &quot;mesh&quot; for IP mesh=
 and, if anything, the &quot;Wi-Fi mesh&quot; draft should make it clearer =
that it is NOT layer-3/IP.<br><br>&gt; &gt; A Wi-Fi mesh appears to higher =
levels, like IP routers or<br>&gt; &gt; hosts, as a single multi-access lin=
k.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Yes, it looks like an Ethernet switch with all nodes as =
single-hop neighbors at the IP layer even though there may be multiple hops=
 needed at the MAC layer - correct?<br><br>Yes, although, of course, the co=
st/bandwidth/delay between any pair of interfaces attached to this syntheti=
c multi-access link may be different from those measures for other pairs of=
 interfaces.<div><br>&gt; &gt; It is entirely possible to have<br>&gt; &gt;=
 an instance of Babel routing on IP addresses where some links are<br>&gt; =
&gt; actually Wi-Fi mesh instances using disjoint Babel or other MAC<br>&gt=
; &gt; address routing. I am not certain that 5G would be an appropriate<br=
>&gt; &gt; interface type in this context.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Sorry - I meant =
to specify 5G SideLink - as in, operating outside the context of 5G infrast=
ructure. Then, with forwarding at the IP layer instead of the MAC layer the=
 5G SideLink and 802.11 in &quot;ad-hoc mode&quot; could be multiple interf=
aces belonging to the same MANET.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; 2.=C2=A0 A station w=
ith a single Wi-Fi radio can have multiple mesh<br>&gt; &gt; peerings. Howe=
ver, if you are referring to multiple radios, my<br>&gt; &gt; understanding=
 is that 802.11 requires a logically separate station per<br>&gt; &gt; radi=
o=E2=80=94even if physically combined=E2=80=94each with a different MAC add=
ress.<br>&gt; &gt; This area requires further thought.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I th=
ink multiple interfaces doing MAC-layer forwarding is a different analysis =
than multiple interfaces doing IP-layer forwarding. So, I think I will stop=
 now to avoid introducing any more confusion.<br><br>Ok.=C2=A0=F0=9F=99=82<=
/div><div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div><div>Donald<br>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<br=
>=C2=A0Donald E. Eastlake 3rd<br>=C2=A02386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka, FL 32=
703 USA<br>=C2=A0<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a><b=
r></div><div><br>&gt; Thank you - Fred<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; Th=
anks,<br>&gt; &gt; Donald<br>&gt; &gt; =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<br>&gt; &gt; =C2=
=A0Donald E. Eastlake 3rd<br>&gt; &gt; =C2=A02386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka,=
 FL 32703 USA<br>&gt; &gt; =C2=A0<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">d3e3e3=
@gmail.com</a><br>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Thank you =E2=80=93 Fred Temp=
lin<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;=
 From: Donald Eastlake &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">d3e3e3@gmail=
.com</a>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Sent: Friday, July 10, 2026 6:45 PM<br>&gt; =
&gt; &gt; To: manet &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a=
>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Subject: [EXTERNAL] [manet] Fwd: New Version Notifi=
cation for draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.txt<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt=
; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Hi,<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&g=
t; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; I have posted an early, in=
complete draft on the use of Babel for Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) mesh. Sorry it i=
sn&#39;t further along but it is a start.<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &g=
t;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Thanks,<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Donald<br>=
&gt; &gt; &gt; =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0Donald E. Eastlak=
e 3rd<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A02386 Panoramic Circle, Apopka, FL 32703 USA<b=
r>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0<a href=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]=
</a><br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt=
; ---------- Forwarded message ---------<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; From: &lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&gt;<br>&=
gt; &gt; &gt; Date: Mon, Jul 6, 2026 at 7:00=E2=80=AFPM<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; S=
ubject: New Version Notification for draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi-00.tx=
t<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; To: Donald E. Eastlake 3rd &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:d3e3e3=
@gmail.com">[email protected]</a>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br=
>&gt; &gt; &gt; A new version of Internet-Draft draft-eastlake-manet-babel-=
wi-fi-00.txt has<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; been successfully submitted by Donald E.=
 Eastlake 3rd and posted to the<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; IETF repository.<br>&gt; =
&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Name: =C2=A0 =C2=A0 draft-eastlake-manet-babel-=
wi-fi<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Revision: 00<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Title: =C2=A0 =C2=A0=
Babel for Wi-Fi (IEEE Std 802.11) Mesh<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Date: =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 2026-07-05<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Group: =C2=A0 =C2=A0Individual Submission<=
br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Pages: =C2=A0 =C2=A08<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; URL: =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-eastlake-manet-b=
abel-wi-fi-00.txt">https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-eastlake-manet-bab=
el-wi-fi-00.txt</a><br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Status: =C2=A0 <a href=3D"https://dat=
atracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi/">https://datatracke=
r.ietf.org/doc/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi/</a><br>&gt; &gt; &gt; HTML=
: =C2=A0 =C2=A0 <a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-eastlake-m=
anet-babel-wi-fi-00.html">https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-eastlake-ma=
net-babel-wi-fi-00.html</a><br>&gt; &gt; &gt; HTMLized: <a href=3D"https://=
datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi">https://dat=
atracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-eastlake-manet-babel-wi-fi</a><br>&gt; &gt=
; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; Abstract:<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&=
gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0The BABEL routing protocol (RFC 8966) is well ap=
plicable (RFC 8967)<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0to networks with unstabl=
e link metrics such as wireless networks.<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0Wi=
-Fi (IEEE Std 802.11-2024) is an example of such a network and the<br>&gt; =
&gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0Wi-Fi standard includes a mesh feature which was spe=
cified to be<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0configurable for different rout=
ing protocols and link metrics.=C2=A0 This<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0d=
ocument specifies how, in Wi-Fi mesh, to use BABEL and/or the delay<br>&gt;=
 &gt; &gt; =C2=A0 =C2=A0based link metric specified in RFC 9616.<br>&gt; &g=
t; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; &gt; The IETF Secretariat<br>&gt; &g=
t; &gt;<br>&gt;<br></div></div>

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