[manet] Re: Extended: Call for adoption: draft-templin-m anet-inet-05

Lou Berger <[email protected]> Wed, 29 Jul 2026 17:14:24 +0200
Newsgroups gmane.ietf.manet
Message-ID <[email protected]>
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Fred

see below. Dropping closed topics.

On 7/27/2026 2:09 PM, Templin (US), Fred L wrote:
>
> Hi Lou, see responses marked with “>>” below:
>
> Thank you - Fred
>
> *From:*Lou Berger <[email protected]>
> *Sent:* Monday, July 27, 2026 9:36 AM
> *To:* Templin (US), Fred L <[email protected]>
> *Cc:* [email protected]; manet <[email protected]>
> *Subject:* Re: [manet] Re: Extended: Call for adoption: 
> draft-templin-manet-inet-05
>
>
> Fred,
>
> See in-line below.
>
> On 7/24/2026 10:52 AM, Templin (US), Fred L wrote:
>
>     Hello Lou, follow-ups below:
>
>     Thank you - Fred
>
>     *From:*Lou Berger <[email protected]> <mailto:[email protected]>
>     *Sent:* Thursday, July 23, 2026 2:33 PM
>     *To:* Templin (US), Fred L <[email protected]>
>     <mailto:[email protected]>
>     *Cc:* [email protected]; manet <[email protected]>
>     <mailto:[email protected]>
>     *Subject:* Re: [manet] Re: Extended: Call for adoption:
>     draft-templin-manet-inet-05
>
>     Fred,
>
>     See inline below -- also for ref I'll use
>     draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03
>     <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03> assuming
>     it is the same as the PDF you sent to the list...
>
>     On 7/22/2026 12:34 PM, Templin (US), Fred L wrote:
>
>         Hi Lou,
>
>           
>
...
>
>     If this text exists in the document or a reference used by the
>     document, then no.  If it does not, then sounds like it should be.
>
>     FLT >> OK, I will add the above text in the intro.
>
> Thanks.
>
> >> done
>
>         ...
>
>           
>
>         The discussion appears in the introduction and throughout the problem statements.
>
>         Much of the discussion was added in response to your previous set of comments.
>
>     For me the design choice of a global overly is so significant it
>     should be covered explicitly. to be clear, the following text
>
>     A widely-accepted axiom at the time of this writing suggests that
>     there are more cellphones than people on the planet [STATISTA
>     <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#STATISTA>].
>     According to Wikipedia, the world population reached 8 billion in
>     2022 and is expected to reach 10 billion by 2056 [WIKI
>     <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#WIKI>].
>     Each mobile node that connects to the global public Internet can
>     in some sense be regarded as a singleton "MANET" with the
>     potential to connect still larger MANETs.
>
>     MANET Internetworking therefore regards the global Internet as a
>     "network of (mobile ad-hoc) networks" with unrestricted dynamic
>     relationships between distinct MANET local routing regions joined
>     by a Non-Broadcast Multiple Access (NBMA) virtual overlay link
>     manifested through encapsulation. Figure 1
>     <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#manet-inet> illustrates
>     an example of 2 distinct MANET local routing regions connected via
>     the NBMA overlay using the Internet as transit:
>
>                                  .-(::::::::)
>
>                               .-(::: Global ::)-.
>
>                    X==+======(===================)======+==X
>
>                       |        `-(: Internet :)-'       |
>
>                       |           `-(::::::)-'          |
>
>                       |                                 |
>
>                .-(::::::::)                       .-(::::::::)
>
>             .-(::::::::::::)-.                 .-(::::::::::::)-.
>
>            (::::: MANET 1 :::::)              (::::: MANET 2 :::::)
>
>              `-(::::::::::::)-'                 `-(::::::::::::)-'
>
>                 `-(::::::)-'                       `-(::::::)-'
>
>     Figure 1
>     <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#figure-1>:
>     MANET Internetworking
>     <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#name-manet-internetworking>
>
>
>     While the figure depicts just 2 MANET local routing regions, many
>     others worldwide will also want to connect to the virtual link.
>     Since a sustained increase in both the world population and number
>     of mobile wireless devices is certain, MANET Internetworking must
>     therefore accommodate populations on the order of O(10**10) or
>     more. This includes address duplication avoidance through
>     operational assurance since statistical properties alone may be
>     insufficient to avoid duplication in such large populations.
>
>     appears to be used to justify the global overlay, but to me it
>     does the opposite, i.e. why would we want an overlay that
>     accommodates O(10**10) or more vs just using the standard Internet.
>
>     >> A couple of things here. First, BGP scaling in the standard
>     Internet is only able to accommodate O(10**6)
>
>     >> prefixes that rarely change. Second, frequent advertisement and
>     withdrawal of mobile network prefixes
>
>     >> can cause BGP churn resulting in instability in the global
>     routing system.  In other words, BGP is not
>
>     >> well suited to supporting mobile Internetworking by itself. With
>     an overlay, the BGP routing service
>
>     >> only needs to cover the addresses of the Mobility Anchor Points
>     (MAPs) which are stable nodes
>
>     >> not subject to mobility. Within the overlay, the MAPs keep track
>     of Mobile Network Prefix (MNP)
>
>     >> to MAP associations which may change dynamically. This is
>     accommodated through a combination
>
>     >> of a hierarchical overlay BGP arrangement of the MAPs in
>     combination with dynamic updates to the
>
>     >> (reverse) DNS resource records that associate MNPs with MAPs. One
>     final thing is that there need
>
>     >> not be only one gigantic global overlay – there could be many
>     smaller overlays operated by
>
>     >> Mobility Service Providers (MSPs).
>
> It may be we have different understanding of the objectives of "MANET 
> internetwoking".  For the purposes are, in priority order,
> (A) manet nodes being able to initiate and maintain communication with 
> nodes on the rest of the Network
> (B) Nodes on the Internet being able to initiate and maintain 
> communication with nodes in a MANET
> (C) for nodes in a MANET being able to initiate and maintain 
> communication with nodes in another MANET
>
> Do you agree with this list? Do you agree with the priority order?
>
> >> I do not agree with a priority order for these, because the requirement 
> is very much use-case
>
> >> specific. For a MANET of nodes that want to browse the Internet, (A) 
> might be a higher priority.
>
> >> For a MANET consisting of sensor nodes, (B) might be the higher 
> priority. For people and their
>
> >> cellphones wanting to call each other, (C) might be the higher 
> priority. I therefore do not want
>
> >> to assign priorities to the problems. I want for any solution proposals 
> to completely address
>
> >> all of the problems while also explaining how they address the gaps.
>
> In either (any) case I think the draft needs to clearly state what 
> problem is being solved by MANET Interworking.  Then the GAPs can 
> cover the points and limitations above which then can explain why a 
> particular solution architecture is proposed by the document.
>
> *//*
>
> >> New text in the draft clarifies what is meant by a “problem” and what 
> is meant by a “gap”
>
> >> and I do not think it is going to be productive to have endless 
> arguments about whether
>
> >> something is a “problem” vs a “gap”. Please do not try to read too 
> much into these terms.
>
I'm sorry, I completely disagree. An  RFC should stand on its own 
without having to see the email history to understand it.  I'm saying I 
don't understand the current text as it stands, and that delineating 
what is the problem, from the existing solutions, from the gaps is 
needed in this document.  I may be in the rough on this, but we'll need 
to see if others agree or disagree to know this.


>           
>
>                 Another motivation for an overlay that is not yet addressed in the
>
>                 document is seamless support for MANET nodes with multiple
>
>                 interfaces. A natural reaction is to dismiss this as a corner case
>
>             I agree that this is an important use case to consider in the problem
>
>             statement.  I note that the document introduces this concept in Gap 1
>
>             and not as it's own problem statement.
>
>           
>
>         Yes, it is listed as a gap that needs to be addressed by solution proposals.
>
>     a gap for which of the problem statements? I suspect you are
>     missing one and it should be added.  (IMO you can't have a gap
>     without a defined problem, do you see it differently?)
>
>     *//*
>
>     >> As above, please see the new text I will add to the draft. I do
>     not think an endless
>
>     >> argument about what is a problem vs what is a gap will be productive.
>
>     >> The gaps apply to any and all of the problem statements and not
>     necessarily in 1x1 correspondence.
>
>     >> The gaps are technology requirements that are specific to MANET
>     Internetworking but not currently
>
>     >> addressed by existing Internetworking technologies. Solution
>     proposals need to explain how they
>
>     >> close the gaps.
>
> Don't the gaps also need to be clear on what problem they are 
> solving?  Said another way, a gap that isn't addressing a stated 
> problem really don't belong in this document.
>
> >> Lots of solutions both new and existing can claim to already address 
> some or all
>
> >> of the problems but the gap analysis should identify which solutions do 
> so most
>
> >> correctly, completely and/or efficiently.
>
I think you missed my point -- the document should only have topics in 
the gaps that are first introduced in the problem statements. I suspect 
we disagree on this.


>           
>
>           
>
>                 until
>
>                 one considers that vast number of cellphones worldwide have
>
>                 multiple interfaces (cellular, Wi-Fi, bluetooth, and in some cases
>
>                 even SATCOM) where at least the cellular and Wi-Fi can be seen
>
>                 as candidate MANET interfaces when disconnected from or
>
>                 intermittently connected to infrastructure.
>
>               
>
>             This line of argument does *not* resonate with me as we already have a
>
>             very scalable solution that is widely deployed, and that earlier
>
>             attempts at MANETs on cell phones (I'll need to dig a bit on where this
>
>             was discussed at the IETF, many years ago) didn't really pan out due to
>
>             battery consumption.
>
>           
>
>         Modern cellphones have both WiFi and 5G interfaces. WiFi can already run
>
>         in "ad-hoc" mode (for some flavor of "ad-hoc") and 3GPP is standardizing
>
>         SideLink mode for 5G. The cellphone can therefore become be a MANET
>
>         router to do multihop forwarding device-to-device when outside the
>
>         context of cellular and/or WiFi infrastructure. Battery consumption is
>
>         not an issue when the cellphone is connected to a power source such
>
>         as when used inside of a vehicle. Even in dismounted scenarios, however,
>
>         having a (limited-duration) multi-hop communications capability may be
>
>         deemed worthwhile and could provide a safety-of-life capability such as
>
>         for emergency response / disaster relief events. For these reasons, I believe
>
>         the modern cellphone (of which there are billions worldwide) will become
>
>         an important MANET router platform.
>
>     Where is this discussed in the document?  If it isn't then I think
>     it should be covered in a problem statement.
>
>     >> I can add this, but I believe this document should be kept as
>     brief as possible. I am not in
>
>     >> favor of gratuitous expansion that could cause the document to
>     grow without bounds.
>
> From one perspective it by be obvious and gratuitous, from another it 
> may be irrelevant.  If not stated, IMO you can't assume any consensus 
> in the WG.
>
> This is making think of the quote "Everything should be made as simple 
> as possible, but not simpler."
>
> >> I have added the above text, but in the introduction and not the 
> problem statement.
>
> >> I am willing to consider adding more gaps if someone identifies them, 
> but I do not
>
> >> want to add more problems.
>
Well this is now a working group document, so each of our voices 
represent one WG contributor.   Document editors  have a lot of leeway 
in document consensus, but it is incumbent on the editor to document WG 
consensus - not the opinion of the authors.


>           
>
>             I heard you make a related comment just now at the mic that is not
>
>             evident (at least to me) in the document -- I think it would be good to
>
>             expand on your thoughts on this and make sure that the concepts are
>
>             covered in the document.
>
>           
>
>         Does the above help?
>
>     (covered by previous response.)
>
>           
>
>           
>
>                 An overlay interface
>
>                 configured over the MANET interfaces can then be used to
>
>                 orchestrate communications using a singular IP address that
>
>                 identifies the node as opposed to a distinct IP address for each
>
>                 MANET interface.
>
>               
>
>             Heretoo, this is something that is commonly done in non-manet networks
>
>             without requiring a new global overlay.
>
>           
>
>         This is referring to a capability sometimes termed "multilink". It allows for
>
>         carrying some packet flows over link "A" and others over links "B", "C", etc.
>
>         but all using the same IP address in the overlay. Multilink is useful for
>
>         fault tolerance, load balancing, matching flows to appropriate link
>
>         performance profiles, cost optimization, etc.
>
>     This is not unique to manets and is not generally solved using an
>     overlay.,
>
>     >> Multilink is solved by configuring a virtual interface over
>     multiple underlying interfaces
>
>     >> which then applies encapsulation. Data communications can then
>     use an IP address
>
>     >> assigned to the virtual interface even though the underlying
>     interfaces use different IP
>
>     >> addresses.
>
> This is a common overlay (aka SD-WAN) solution that is very in vogue 
> today.  It isn't the only or even obvious choice to me. (I'm used to 
> seeing 802.1 LACP/LAG, IETF bundling or unnumbered links)
>
> >> I should have started my response with: “Within the context of MANET 
> Internetworking,
>
> >> multilink is solved by configuring a virtual interface over multiple 
> underlying interfaces
>
> >> which then applies encapsulation.”. There may be other point solution 
> approaches to
>
> >> multilink, but the one I am referring to is “within the context of 
> MANET Internetworking”,
>
> >>  i.e., when the solution also addresses all of the MANET 
> Internetworking problems while
>
> >> best closing the technological gaps.
>
Where are the details substantiating this perspective?  I think the 
document needs references to support this position.(and I'd really like 
to understand them, since I don't understand the assertion being made.)

Lou

>                     Another topic that
>
>                     I think needs to be better explored is the implicit role of DNS   ( is
>
>                     it required or optional, is there complete definition, does it belong in
>
>                     this document).
>
>                 Agreed and we can expand on the discussion surrounding the DNS.
>
>               
>
>             I don't see this discussion in the current document, perhaps the
>
>             document needs another section on assumptions/presumed architecture and
>
>             rationale for such.
>
>           
>
>         The document already does discuss expectations of the DNS service in several
>
>         places. I think going into a deeper discussion of the DNS architecture would be
>
>         subject for a different document.
>
>     Do you see providing  "the global DNS which returns a (stable)
>     globally-routable IP address for the [mobile] correspondent." to
>     be a solved problem? If so can you add a reference to the solution
>     to the document?  If not, I think it should be called out as its
>     own problem.
>
>     >>  As above, I don’t favor gratuitous expansion of this document
>     but will see what I can
>
>     >> do about adding a few more words.
>
> great (and same response as above.)
>
> Thanks,
>
> Lou
>
>           
>
>           
>
>                     I think these issue can be worked before or after document adoption. In
>
>                     either case, I support having the WG discuss the topics represented in
>
>                     the draft.
>
>                 Thank you for bringing this discussion forward!
>
>               
>
>             Thank you!
>
>               
>
>             Lou
>
>           
>
>         Thanks - Fred
>
>     Thanks!
>
>     Lou
>
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    <p>Fred&nbsp;</p>
    <p>see below. Dropping closed topics.</p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 7/27/2026 2:09 PM, Templin (US),
      Fred L wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:BN0P110MB1420DB4F0C7F94859E99D600A3CCA@BN0P110MB1420.NAMP110.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
      
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Hi Lou, see
            responses marked with “&gt;&gt;” below:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Thank you -
            Fred<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"> Lou
                Berger <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:[email protected]">&lt;[email protected]&gt;</a>
                <br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Monday, July 27, 2026 9:36 AM<br>
                <b>To:</b> Templin (US), Fred L
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:[email protected]">&lt;[email protected]&gt;</a><br>
                <b>Cc:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>; manet
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:[email protected]">&lt;[email protected]&gt;</a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [manet] Re: Extended: Call for
                adoption: draft-templin-manet-inet-05<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%">
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        <p>Fred,<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p>See in-line below.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">On
            7/24/2026 10:52 AM, Templin (US), Fred L wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Hello Lou, follow-ups below:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Thank you - Fred</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"> Lou
                Berger
                <a href="mailto:[email protected]" moz-do-not-send="true">&lt;[email protected]&gt;</a>
                <br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Thursday, July 23, 2026 2:33 PM<br>
                <b>To:</b> Templin (US), Fred L <a href="mailto:[email protected]" moz-do-not-send="true">&lt;[email protected]&gt;</a><br>
                <b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:[email protected]" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">[email protected]</a>;
                manet
                <a href="mailto:[email protected]" moz-do-not-send="true">&lt;[email protected]&gt;</a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [manet] Re: Extended: Call for
                adoption: draft-templin-manet-inet-05</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p>Fred,&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p>See inline below -- also for ref I'll use&nbsp;<a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03" moz-do-not-send="true">draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03</a>&nbsp;assuming
            it is the same as the PDF you sent to the list...<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">On
              7/22/2026 12:34 PM, Templin (US), Fred L wrote:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <pre>Hi Lou,<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
        </blockquote>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    ...
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:BN0P110MB1420DB4F0C7F94859E99D600A3CCA@BN0P110MB1420.NAMP110.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <p>If this text exists in the document or a reference used by
            the document, then no.&nbsp; If it does not, then sounds like it
            should be.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt">FLT &gt;&gt; OK, I will add
              the above text in the intro.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p>Thanks.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; done<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif">...
                <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>The discussion appears in the introduction and throughout the problem statements.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>Much of the discussion was added in response to your previous set of comments.<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p>For me the design choice of a global overly is so
            significant it should be covered explicitly. to be clear,
            the following text<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="background:white;box-sizing: border-box;margin:3ch;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px" id="section-1-5">
            <span style="font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">A
              widely-accepted axiom at the time of this writing suggests
              that there are more cellphones than people on the planet&nbsp;[<a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#STATISTA" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:#0D6EFD">STATISTA</span></a>].
              According to Wikipedia, the world population reached 8
              billion in 2022 and is expected to reach 10 billion by
              2056&nbsp;[<a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#WIKI" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:#0D6EFD">WIKI</span></a>].
              Each mobile node that connects to the global public
              Internet can in some sense be regarded as a singleton
              &quot;MANET&quot; with the potential to connect still larger MANETs.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="background:white;box-sizing: border-box;margin:3ch;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px" id="section-1-6">
            <span style="font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">MANET
              Internetworking therefore regards the global Internet as a
              &quot;network of (mobile ad-hoc) networks&quot; with unrestricted
              dynamic relationships between distinct MANET local routing
              regions joined by a Non-Broadcast Multiple Access (NBMA)
              virtual overlay link manifested through encapsulation.&nbsp;<a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#manet-inet" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="color:#0D6EFD">Figure
                  1</span></a>&nbsp;illustrates an example of 2 distinct
              MANET local routing regions connected via the NBMA overlay
              using the Internet as transit:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <div id="manet-inet">
            <div style="margin-top:15.6pt;margin-bottom:15.6pt;box-sizing: border-box;flex-wrap: nowrap;align-items: end;display:flex" id="section-1-7.1">
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .-(::::::::)</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .-(::: Global ::)-.</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; X==+======(===================)======+==X</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; `-(: Internet :)-'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; `-(::::::)-'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .-(::::::::)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .-(::::::::)</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .-(::::::::::::)-.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .-(::::::::::::)-.</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (::::: MANET 1 :::::)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (::::: MANET 2 :::::)</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; `-(::::::::::::)-'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; `-(::::::::::::)-'</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; `-(::::::)-'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; `-(::::::)-'</span><o:p></o:p></pre>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:white">
              <span style="font-family:Consolas;color:#212529"><a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#figure-1" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="text-decoration:none">Figure 1</span></a>:&nbsp;<a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-manet-inet-gap-analysis-03#name-manet-internetworking" moz-do-not-send="true"><span style="text-decoration:none">MANET Internetworking</span></a>
              </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p style="background:white;box-sizing: border-box;margin:3ch;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px" id="section-1-8">
            <span style="font-family:Consolas;color:#212529">While the
              figure depicts just 2 MANET local routing regions, many
              others worldwide will also want to connect to the virtual
              link. Since a sustained increase in both the world
              population and number of mobile wireless devices is
              certain, MANET Internetworking must therefore accommodate
              populations on the order of O(10**10) or more. This
              includes address duplication avoidance through operational
              assurance since statistical properties alone may be
              insufficient to avoid duplication in such large
              populations.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p>appears to be used to justify the global overlay, but to me
            it does the opposite, i.e. why would we want an overlay that
            accommodates&nbsp;O(10**10) or more vs just using the standard
            Internet.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              A couple of things here. First, BGP scaling in the
              standard Internet is only able to accommodate O(10**6)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              prefixes that rarely change. Second, frequent
              advertisement and withdrawal of mobile network prefixes</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              can cause BGP churn resulting in instability in the global
              routing system. &nbsp;In other words, BGP is not</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              well suited to supporting mobile Internetworking by
              itself. With an overlay, the BGP routing service</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              only needs to cover the addresses of the Mobility Anchor
              Points (MAPs) which are stable nodes</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              not subject to mobility. Within the overlay, the MAPs keep
              track of Mobile Network Prefix (MNP)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              to MAP associations which may change dynamically. This is
              accommodated through a combination</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              of a hierarchical overlay BGP arrangement of the MAPs in
              combination with dynamic updates to the</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              (reverse) DNS resource records that associate MNPs with
              MAPs. One final thing is that there need</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              not be only one gigantic global overlay – there could be
              many smaller overlays operated by</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              Mobility Service Providers (MSPs).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p>It may be we have different understanding of the objectives
          of &quot;MANET internetwoking&quot;.&nbsp; For the purposes are, in priority
          order,&nbsp;<br>
          (A) manet nodes being able to initiate and maintain
          communication with nodes on the rest of the Network<br>
          (B) Nodes on the Internet being able to initiate and maintain
          communication with nodes in a MANET<br>
          (C) for nodes in a MANET being able to initiate and maintain
          communication with nodes in another MANET<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p>Do you agree with this list? Do you agree with the priority
          order?<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; I
            do not agree with a priority order for these, because the
            requirement is very much use-case<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            specific. For a MANET of nodes that want to browse the
            Internet, (A) might be a higher priority.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            For a MANET consisting of sensor nodes, (B) might be the
            higher priority. For people and their<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            cellphones wanting to call each other, (C) might be the
            higher priority. I therefore do not want<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; to
            assign priorities to the problems. I want for any solution
            proposals to completely address<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            all of the problems while also explaining how they address
            the gaps.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in">In either (any) case I think the draft
          needs to clearly state what problem is being solved by MANET
          Interworking.&nbsp; Then the GAPs can cover the points and
          limitations above which then can explain why a particular
          solution architecture is proposed by the document.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><b><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></b></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            New text in the draft clarifies what is meant by a “problem”
            and what is meant by a “gap”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            and I do not think it is going to be productive to have
            endless arguments about whether<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            something is a “problem” vs a “gap”. Please do not try to
            read too much into these terms.</span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <p>I'm sorry, I completely disagree. An&nbsp; RFC should stand on its own
      without having to see the email history to understand it.&nbsp; I'm
      saying I don't understand the current text as it stands, and that
      delineating what is the problem, from the existing solutions, from
      the gaps is needed in this document.&nbsp; I may be in the rough on
      this, but we'll need to see if others agree or disagree to know
      this.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
    <p><br>
    </p>
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:BN0P110MB1420DB4F0C7F94859E99D600A3CCA@BN0P110MB1420.NAMP110.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <pre>Another motivation for an overlay that is not yet addressed in the<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>document is seamless support for MANET nodes with multiple<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>interfaces. A natural reaction is to dismiss this as a corner case<o:p></o:p></pre>
              </blockquote>
              <pre>I agree that this is an important use case to consider in the problem<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>statement.&nbsp; I note that the document introduces this concept in Gap 1<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>and not as it's own problem statement.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            </blockquote>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>Yes, it is listed as a gap that needs to be addressed by solution proposals.<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p style="margin:0in">a gap for which of the problem
            statements? I suspect you are missing one and it should be
            added.&nbsp; (IMO you can't have a gap without a defined problem,
            do you see it differently?)<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:0in">
            <b><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></b></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              As above, please see the new text I will add to the draft.
              I do not think an endless<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              argument about what is a problem vs what is a gap will be
              productive.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              The gaps apply to any and all of the problem statements
              and not necessarily in 1x1 correspondence.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              The gaps are technology requirements that are specific to
              MANET Internetworking but not currently</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              addressed by existing Internetworking technologies.
              Solution proposals need to explain how they</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              close the gaps.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
        <p>Don't the gaps also need to be clear on what problem they are
          solving?&nbsp; Said another way, a gap that isn't addressing a
          stated problem really don't belong in this document.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            Lots of solutions both new and existing can claim to already
            address some or all<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; of
            the problems but the gap analysis should identify which
            solutions do so most<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            correctly, completely and/or efficiently.</span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <p>I think you missed my point -- the document should only have
      topics in the gaps that are first introduced in the problem
      statements. I suspect we disagree on this.</p>
    <p><br>
    </p>
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:BN0P110MB1420DB4F0C7F94859E99D600A3CCA@BN0P110MB1420.NAMP110.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <pre>until<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>one considers that vast number of cellphones worldwide have<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>multiple interfaces (cellular, Wi-Fi, bluetooth, and in some cases<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>even SATCOM) where at least the cellular and Wi-Fi can be seen<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>as candidate MANET interfaces when disconnected from or<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>intermittently connected to infrastructure.<o:p></o:p></pre>
              </blockquote>
              <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>This line of argument does *not* resonate with me as we already have a<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>very scalable solution that is widely deployed, and that earlier<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>attempts at MANETs on cell phones (I'll need to dig a bit on where this<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>was discussed at the IETF, many years ago) didn't really pan out due to<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>battery consumption.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            </blockquote>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>Modern cellphones have both WiFi and 5G interfaces. WiFi can already run<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>in &quot;ad-hoc&quot; mode (for some flavor of &quot;ad-hoc&quot;) and 3GPP is standardizing<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>SideLink mode for 5G. The cellphone can therefore become be a MANET<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>router to do multihop forwarding device-to-device when outside the<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>context of cellular and/or WiFi infrastructure. Battery consumption is<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>not an issue when the cellphone is connected to a power source such<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>as when used inside of a vehicle. Even in dismounted scenarios, however,<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>having a (limited-duration) multi-hop communications capability may be<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>deemed worthwhile and could provide a safety-of-life capability such as<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>for emergency response / disaster relief events. For these reasons, I believe<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>the modern cellphone (of which there are billions worldwide) will become<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>an important MANET router platform.<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p>Where is this discussed in the document?&nbsp; If it isn't then
            I think it should be covered in a problem statement.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              I can add this, but I believe this document should be kept
              as brief as possible. I am not in</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              favor of gratuitous expansion that could cause the
              document to grow without bounds.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p>From one perspective it by be obvious and gratuitous, from
          another it may be irrelevant.&nbsp; If not stated, IMO you can't
          assume any consensus in the WG.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p>This is making think of the quote &quot;Everything should be made
          as simple as possible, but not simpler.&quot;<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; I
            have added the above text, but in the introduction and not
            the problem statement.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; I
            am willing to consider adding more gaps if someone
            identifies them, but I do not<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            want to add more problems.</span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <p>Well this is now a working group document, so each of our voices
      represent one WG contributor.&nbsp; &nbsp;Document editors&nbsp; have a lot of
      leeway in document consensus, but it is incumbent on the editor to
      document WG consensus - not the opinion of the authors.&nbsp;</p>
    <p><br>
    </p>
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:BN0P110MB1420DB4F0C7F94859E99D600A3CCA@BN0P110MB1420.NAMP110.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <pre>I heard you make a related comment just now at the mic that is not<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>evident (at least to me) in the document -- I think it would be good to<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>expand on your thoughts on this and make sure that the concepts are<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>covered in the document.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            </blockquote>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>Does the above help?<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p>(covered by previous response.)<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <pre>An overlay interface<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>configured over the MANET interfaces can then be used to<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>orchestrate communications using a singular IP address that<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>identifies the node as opposed to a distinct IP address for each<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre>MANET interface.<o:p></o:p></pre>
              </blockquote>
              <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>Heretoo, this is something that is commonly done in non-manet networks<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>without requiring a new global overlay.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            </blockquote>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>This is referring to a capability sometimes termed &quot;multilink&quot;. It allows for<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>carrying some packet flows over link &quot;A&quot; and others over links &quot;B&quot;, &quot;C&quot;, etc.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>but all using the same IP address in the overlay. Multilink is useful for<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>fault tolerance, load balancing, matching flows to appropriate link<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>performance profiles, cost optimization, etc.<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p>This is not unique to manets and is not generally solved
            using an overlay.,<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              Multilink is solved by configuring a virtual interface
              over multiple underlying interfaces</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              which then applies encapsulation. Data communications can
              then use an IP address</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              assigned to the virtual interface even though the
              underlying interfaces use different IP</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              addresses.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p>This is a common overlay (aka SD-WAN) solution that is very
          in vogue today.&nbsp; It isn't the only or even obvious choice to
          me. (I'm used to seeing 802.1 LACP/LAG, IETF bundling or
          unnumbered links)<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt; I
            should have started my response with: “Within the context of
            MANET Internetworking,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            multilink is solved by configuring a virtual interface over
            multiple underlying interfaces<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            which then applies encapsulation.”. There may be other point
            solution approaches to<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            multilink, but the one I am referring to is “within the
            context of MANET Internetworking”,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            &nbsp;i.e., when the solution also addresses all of the MANET
            Internetworking problems while<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
            best closing the technological gaps.</span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <p>Where are the details substantiating this perspective?&nbsp; I think
      the document needs references to support this position.(and I'd
      really like to understand them, since I don't understand the
      assertion being made.)</p>
    <p>Lou</p>
    <blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:BN0P110MB1420DB4F0C7F94859E99D600A3CCA@BN0P110MB1420.NAMP110.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <pre>Another topic that<o:p></o:p></pre>
                  <pre>I think needs to be better explored is the implicit role of DNS&nbsp; &nbsp;( is<o:p></o:p></pre>
                  <pre>it required or optional,&nbsp;is there complete definition,&nbsp;does it belong in<o:p></o:p></pre>
                  <pre>this document).<o:p></o:p></pre>
                </blockquote>
                <pre>Agreed and we can expand on the discussion surrounding the DNS.<o:p></o:p></pre>
              </blockquote>
              <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>I don't see this discussion in the current document, perhaps the<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>document needs another section on assumptions/presumed architecture and<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>rationale for such.<o:p></o:p></pre>
            </blockquote>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>The document already does discuss expectations of the DNS service in several<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>places. I think going into a deeper discussion of the DNS architecture would be<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>subject for a different document. <o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p>Do you see providing&nbsp; &quot;the global DNS which returns a
            (stable) globally-routable IP address for the [mobile]
            correspondent.&quot; to be a solved problem? If so can you add a
            reference to the solution to the document?&nbsp; If not, I think
            it should be called out as its own problem.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              &nbsp;As above, I don’t favor gratuitous expansion of this
              document but will see what I can</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p style="margin:0in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">&gt;&gt;
              do about adding a few more words.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p>great (and same response as above.)<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
        <p>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p>Lou<o:p></o:p></p>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <pre>I think these issue can be worked before or after document adoption. In<o:p></o:p></pre>
                  <pre>either case, I support having the WG discuss the topics represented in<o:p></o:p></pre>
                  <pre>the draft.<o:p></o:p></pre>
                </blockquote>
                <pre>Thank you for bringing this discussion forward!<o:p></o:p></pre>
              </blockquote>
              <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>Thank you!<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre>Lou<o:p></o:p></pre>
            </blockquote>
            <pre> <o:p></o:p></pre>
            <pre>Thanks - Fred<o:p></o:p></pre>
          </blockquote>
          <p>Thanks!<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p>Lou<o:p></o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
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