[draft-ietf-opes-smtp-use-cases-01]

"Abbie Barbir" <[email protected]> Thu, 13 Jan 2005 08:54:43 -0500
Newsgroups gmane.ietf.opes
Message-ID <87AC5F88F03E6249AEA68D40BD3E00BE02C977B5@zcarhxm2.corp.nortel.com>
All,

attached is the first version of the
draft-ietf-opes-smtp-use-cases-01.

This is the time to get engaed and provide feedback on the draft. Let us do
that for the next week and then we can update it and send it to the ietf
list as a WG draft.

Thanks
Abbie Barbir
Nortel Networks
draft-ietf-opes-smtp-use-cases-01.txt (text/plain, 22.8 KB)

Network Working Group                                          A. Barbir
Internet-Draft                                           Nortel Networks
Expires: July 13, 2005                                        M. Stecher
                                                  CyberGuard Corporation
                                                        January 12, 2005


                          OPES SMTP Use Cases
                   draft-ietf-opes-smtp-use-cases-01

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on July 13, 2005.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   This document describes OPES SMTP use cases and deployment scenarios.












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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Breif overview of SMTP Architecture  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   4.  OPES SMTP deployment scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   5.  OPES SMTP based services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   6.  Mail sender and recipients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   7.  Types of SMTP bases OPES services  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     7.1   Services that exclusively act on the mail message
           content  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     7.2   Services that log or modify SMTP commands/replies  . . . . 11
     7.3   Services that trigger side effects on the mail delivery  . 12
   8.  IAB Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     8.1   Tracing considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     8.2   Bypass  considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     8.3   Notification  considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   9.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   10.   IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   11.   References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   11.1  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   11.2  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   A.  Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 19


























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1.  Introduction

   The Open Pluggable Edge Services (OPES) [1]  architecture enables
   cooperative application services (OPES services) between a data
   provider, a data consumer, and zero or more OPES processors.  The
   application services under consideration analyze and possibly
   transform application-level messages exchanged between the data
   provider and the data  consumer.  The OPES processor can distribute
   the responsibility of service execution by communicating and
   collaborating with one or more remote callout servers.

   The execution of such services is governed by a set of rules
   installed on OPES processor.  The rule evaluation can trigger the
   execution of service applications local to the OPES processor or on a
   remote callout server.

   RFC 3752 describes use cases for Open Puggable Edge Services (OPES)
   with a focus on HTTP messages.  This work focus on OPES for SMTP use
   cases, whereby, additional use caseses and enhancements to the types
   of OPES services defined in RFC 3752 are provided.

   In SMTP the OPES processor may be any agent participate in SMTP
   exchanges, including MSA, MTA, MDA, and MUA.  This document focues on
   use cases in which the OPES processor is a mail transfer agent (MTA).

   The document is organized as follows: Section 2 discusses the various
   types of SMTP based OPES services.  Section 3 introduces SMTP OPES
   deployment scenarios.  Section 4 discusses failure cases and service
   notification.  Section 5 discusses security considerations.






















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2.  Terminology

   The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [5].  When used with
   the normative meanings, these keywords will be all uppercase.
   Occurrences of these words in lowercase comprise normal prose usage,
   with no normative implications.











































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3.  Breif overview of SMTP Architecture

   In RFC 282, the SMTP design is given in  Figure 1.  In the figure,
   When an SMTP client has a message to transmit, it establishes a two-
   way transmission channel to an SMTP server.  The responsibility of an
   SMTP client is to transfer mail messages to one or more SMTP servers,
   or report its failure to do so.

                  +----------+                +----------+
      +------+    |          |                |          |
      | User |<-->|          |      SMTP      |          |
      +------+    |  Client  |Commands/Replies| Server   |
      +------+    |   SMTP   |<-------------->|  SMTP    |    +------+
      | File |<-->|          |    and Mail    |          |<-->| File |
      |System|    |          |                |          |    |System|
      +------+    +----------+                +----------+    +------+
                   SMTP client                SMTP server

                         Figure 1: SMTP Design

   In some cases, the domain name(s) transferred to, or determined by,
   an SMTP client will identify the final destination(s) of the mail
   message.  In other cases, the domain name determined will identify an
   intermediate destination through which all mail messages are to be
   relayed.

   An SMTP server may be either the ultimate destination or an
   intermediate "relay" or "gateway" (that is, it may transport the
   message further using some protocol other than SMTP).  SMTP commands
   are generated by the SMTP client and sent to the SMTP server.  SMTP
   replies are sent from the SMTP server to the SMTP client in response
   to the commands.  SMTP message transfer can occur in a single
   connection between the original SMTP-sender and the final
   SMTP-recipient, or can occur in a series of hops through intermediary
   systems.  SMTP clients and servesr exchange commands and replies and
   eventually the mail message body.

   The most important logical elements of the Internet mail system are:
   o  Mail User Agent (MUA): This is the client program in which the
      user sends and receives mail.
   o  Mail Transfer Agent (MTA)  A program which enables email
      transfers from one machine to another.  MTAs do not deliver mail
      themselves.  MTAs call a Mail Delivery Agent to physically
      transport the messages.
   o  Mail Submission Agent (MSA): This is the component of an MTA which
      accepts new mail messages from an MUA, using SMTP.
   o  Mail Delivery Agent (MDA): A program used by the  MTA to deliver
      messages into a user's mailbox or to transport mail to another



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      MTA.

   In this work the OPES processor may be any agent that is
   participating in SMTP exchanges, including MSA, MTA, MDA, and MUA.
   However, this document focues on use cases in which the OPES
   processor is a mail transfer agent (MTA).













































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4.  OPES SMTP deployment scenarios

   This section discusses OPES SMTP depolyment scenarios (eg.  how it
   relates to administrative domains, trust issues etc.)















































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5.  OPES SMTP based services

   RFC 3752 provided on overview of OPES HTTP based services.  From RFC
   3752, in  Figure 2, four service activation points for an OPES
   processor are depicted.  The data dispatcher examines OPES rules,
   enforces policies, and invokes service applications (if applicable)
   at each service activation point.



              +------------------------------------------------+
              |         +-------------+-------------+          |
              |         |   Service Application     |          |
              |         +---------------------------+          |
         Responses      |       Data Dispatcher     |     Responses
       <============4== +---------------------------+ <=3===========
         Requests       |           HTTP            |      Requests
       =============1=> +---------------------------+ ==2==========>
              |                  OPES Processor                |
              +------------------------------------------------+



                  Figure 2: Service Activation Points

   In contrast to the four different service activation points that have
   been defined above an OPES SMTP MTA  only on two activation points
   within the MTA: Receiving and sending mail messages using SMTP.  When
   receiving a mail message, the MTA is acting as a SMTP server and when
   sending a message it is acting as a SMTP client.  This situation is
   depiiected in  Figure 3.


                 +----------------------------------------------+
                 |         +-------------+-------------+        |
                 |         |   Service Application     |        |
                 |         +---------------------------+        |
                SMTP       |       Data Dispatcher     |       SMTP
            dialog when    +---------------------------+   dialog when
           Receiving Mails |           SMTP            |  Sending Mails
           ============1=> +---------------------------+  ==2==========>
                 |                  OPES Processor              |
                 +----------------------------------------------+

                Figure 3: SMTP Service Activation Points

   While we could see the SMTP commands and replies analogously to the
   HTTP requests and responses  and by that getting to the same four



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   service activation points as in RFC 3752, it is important to handle
   the command and reply dialog that is necessary to transfer a mail
   message as a unit within the OPES context and not as individual and
   independend messages as HTTP messages are.  One reason for this is
   that a service that runs on mail message content (i.e.  the data
   transferred with a DATA command) may need to know the content of the
   previous MAIL FROM and RCPT TO commands of the same dialog in order
   to know the "real" recipients of the mail message and not to rely on
   the information given in the mail message header (which is part of
   the data in the DATA command).

   Still there are usecases in which callout services want to adapt
   single commands of the SMTP dialog so that we cannot restrict
   OPES/SMTP to only handle the mail message content with some meta
   information from the SMTP dialog and reduce the possible callout
   protocol to a single request to the callout server and a single
   response; OPES for SMTP means to find a callout protocol equation to
   the SMTP dialog happening between SMTP client and server.

































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6.  Mail sender and recipients

   OPES/HTTP only deals with a single client and single server between
   which the HTTP message is exchanged.  (In addition an OPES processor
   may include a concept for OPES message caching for which it needs to
   decide whether a response of the callout server for a special HTTP
   message remains unchanged if the request is repeated for a different
   user and/or a different time).  In SMTP a mail message is originating
   from a single sender but may be sent to multiple recipients.  Message
   adaptation of a mail message may produce different results for the
   different recipients.  OPES/SMTP has to anticipate this.








































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7.  Types of SMTP bases OPES services

   There are three types of OPES services for SMTP.

7.1  Services that exclusively act on the mail message content

   Use cases of this type are very similar to the services listed in
   section 2.2 of RFC 3752 "Services performed on (HTTP) responses".
   They may or may not modify the an SMTP message content:
   o  Content adaptation: Changing the mail message content within a
      callout server to transcode it into a format appropriate for the
      device that will receive the mail message
   o  Language translation of the content
   o
   o  Logging, monitoring and accounting as the known examples for
      services that do not intend to modify the message content

   In addition there are more services acting on message content that
   may  even be more typical for SMTP while they could also be used for
   HTTP:
   o  Virus scanning (replacing infected attachments of a mail message)
   o  Applying other security policies such as stripping of unwanted
      MIME sections (forbidden attachment types)
   o  Spam filtering (mark a message if it supposed to contain spam)
   o  Encrypt mail message
   o  Verify mail signatures
   o  Verify message format (e.g.  correct illegal MIME formats)
   o  Convert attachments into HTTP links (stripping large attachments
      from emails, putting them on a web server and replace the
      attachment with a URL to that server.

   The example of the Spam filter is typical for a service which may
   need data of other SMTP commands of the mail dialog in order to
   provide an accurate rating.

7.2  Services that log or modify SMTP commands/replies

   o  Logging or validating "MAIL FROM": These may services which intend
      or not intend to change the command or reply to this command.  A
      callout service may just log the information (not change
      something), it may change the command by rewriting the mail sender
      or it may change/determine the reply by denying a sender address
      that could not be validated.
   o  Similar use cases acting on other single commands such as "RCPT
      TO"
   o  Services may also need to get access to data of previous SMTP
      commands, for example a service acting on "RCPT TO" may want to
      know about the data that has been sent with the "MAIL FROM" and/or



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      "HELO" command.

7.3  Services that trigger side effects on the mail delivery

   These may be side effects on the current SMTP dialog or on other
   operations that the MTA performes on the mail message or it may split
   the mail message into multiple messages or create additional messages

   o  Reject a message whose content violates a possible trigger
      condition
   o  Delay a message, put it in a special queue for further processing
      or reroute it to other recipients.
   o  Out of office replies
   o  -	Additional notification messages (e.g.  virus alerts)





































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8.  IAB Considerations

   This section TBD

8.1  Tracing considerations

   TBD

8.2  Bypass  considerations

   TBD

8.3  Notification  considerations

   TBD




































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9.  Security Considerations

   This section TBD
















































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10.  IANA Considerations

   This section TBD
















































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11.  References

11.1  Normative References

   [1]  A. Barbir et. al, "An Architecture for Open Pluggable Edge
        Services (OPES)", RFC 3835, August  2004.

   [2]  Floyd, S. and L. Daigle, "IAB Architectural and Policy
        Considerations for Open Pluggable Edge Services", RFC 3238,
        January 2002.

   [3]  Barbir et. al, A., "Security Threats and Risks for OPES", RFC
        3837, August  2004.

   [4]  Barbir et. al, A., "Security Threats and Risks for OPES", RFC
        3752, April  2004.

   [5]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
        Levels", RFC 2119, March   1997.

11.2  Informative References

   [6]  Westerinen, A., Schnizlein, J., Strassner, J., Scherling, M.,
        Quinn, B., Herzog, S., Huynh, A., Carlson, M., Perry, J. and S.
        Waldbusser, "Terminology for Policy-Based Management", RFC 3198,
        November 2001.

   [7]  Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Nielsen, H., Masinter, L.,
        Leach, P. and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol --
        HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.


Authors' Addresses

   Abbie Barbir
   Nortel Networks
   3500 Carling Avenue
   Nepean, Ontario  K2H 8E9
   Canada

   Phone: +1 613 763 5229
   EMail: [email protected]









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   Martin Stecher
   CyberGuard Corporation
   Vattmannstr. 3
   Paderborn, DE  33100
   Germany

   EMail: [email protected]












































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Appendix A.  Acknowledgements

   Many thanks to Andreas Terzis, L.  Rafalow (IBM), L.  Yang (Intel),
   M.  Condry (Intel), Randy Presuhn (Mindspring) and B.  Srinivas
   (Nokia)














































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Intellectual Property Statement

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   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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