How anacron get started?

solitone <[email protected]>
Newsgroups gmane.linux.debian.user.laptop
Message-ID <[email protected]>
I can't really understand how anacron works on my laptop. How can
anacron wake up and start every morning,
when I don't turn off my laptop?

I've setup a backup process, taking advantage of backup2l. Apparently,
when I don't shutdown my laptop,
backup2l starts every morning at 7:30 am, I suppose thanks to anacron:

> $ ls -l /etc/cron.daily/zz-backup2l
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 328 Jan  4  2005 /etc/cron.daily/zz-backup2l

> $ cat /etc/anacrontab
> # /etc/anacrontab: configuration file for anacron
>
> # See anacron(8) and anacrontab(5) for details.
>
> SHELL=/bin/sh
> PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
> HOME=/root
> LOGNAME=root
>
> # These replace cron's entries
> 1       5       cron.daily      run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily
> 7       10      cron.weekly     run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly
> @monthly        15      cron.monthly    run-parts --report
> /etc/cron.monthly

But what triggers anacron? Looking at my crontab, it would seem it's not
cron that starts anacron:

> $ cat /etc/crontab
> # /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
> # Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab'
> # command to install the new version when you edit this file
> # and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields,
> # that none of the other crontabs do.
>
> SHELL=/bin/sh
> PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
>
> # m h dom mon dow user  command
> 17 *    * * *   root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
> 25 6    * * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / &&
> run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
> 47 6    * * 7   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / &&
> run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
> 52 6    1 * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / &&
> run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
> #

Here's what I've found in my syslog:

> $ sudo grep cron /var/log/syslog
> Jul 12 06:25:01 aldous CRON[10672]: (root) CMD (test -x
> /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily ))

This depends on my /etc/crontab. As expected, nothing happens here.

> Jul 12 07:05:30 aldous anacron[9445]: Job `cron.daily' terminated
> (mailing output)
> Jul 12 07:05:30 aldous anacron[9445]: Can't find sendmail at
> /usr/sbin/sendmail, not mailing output
> Jul 12 07:05:30 aldous anacron[9445]: Normal exit (1 job run)
> Jul 12 07:05:30 aldous anacron[9445]: anacron: Can't find sendmail at
> /usr/sbin/sendmail, not mailing output

But now... what triggered anacron at 07:05:30?

> Jul 12 07:17:01 aldous CRON[11658]: (root) CMD (   cd / && run-parts
> --report /etc/cron.hourly)
> Jul 12 07:30:01 aldous CRON[11716]: (root) CMD (test -x
> /etc/init.d/anacron && /usr/sbin/invoke-rc.d anacron start >/dev/null)
> Jul 12 07:30:01 aldous anacron[11736]: Anacron 2.3 started on 2016-07-12
> Jul 12 07:30:01 aldous anacron[11736]: Normal exit (0 jobs run)

This time it seems it's cron that triggers anacron. But why, considering
my /etc/crontab shown above?
What other configuration files does cron take into account? Besides, why
anacron says "0 jobs run",
when at least one job (zz-backup2l) is in fact run?

I'm rather confused!
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