cloning a disk

I've never done this disk cloning.
I've a ~102GB SSD that has the OS trixie on it and I've got spare ~250GB 
SSDs
Thought to put the OS on the twice as big drive as it's as I like it and 
I might install stuff and get pushed for space.

All my data is on a 3TB drive mounted in a directory in ~/home via fstab
I booted from Debian live on a USB stick.
This "shouldn't" know anything about the 3TB drive except that it 
exists?

Connect the 250Gb to USB via a power supply and SATA USB connection 
thingy.

lsblk tells me which is which.
"dd if=/dev/disk_to_copy of=/dev/disk_to_copy_to bs=64M status=progress 
conv=fsync"
With the intention to use fdisk to expand the partition with the OS on 
it and resize2fs to make more usable space on the partition.

There is an issue that the debian live OS blanks the monitor after a 
while.
"Ctrl+Shift" brings back the display but the 3rd time "Ctrl+Shift" 
didn't do anything.
Before the last screen blanking, progress was showing 99% so I wait a 
while then turn off PC.
Booting from new clone of OS disk there is kernel panic and fsck says 
it's a bit messed up.
Perhaps I didn't wait long enough.
Perhaps Debian Live is not the best thing to use for this single 
purpose.
I suppose question is what's best way to ensure original disk integrity 
before cloning (if that's an issue).
How in Debian live to turn off for good any screensaver, power saving 
settings.
Is there any more surefire way to do this move OS to a bigger disk and 
have it boot.

mick