Re: Unable to start any node of pgsql Master/Slave Cluster

Oliver Weichhold <[email protected]>
Newsgroups gmane.linux.highavailability.user
Message-ID <[email protected]>
I've monitored the cluster log and the running processes while the script
containing 

rm -f /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/recovery.conf 
rm -f /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/ra_tmp/PGSQL.lock 
crm_attribute -l reboot -N $(uname -n) -n "pgsql-data-status" -v "LATEST" 
crm_attribute -l reboot -N $(uname -n) -n "master-pgsql" -v "1000" 
pcs resource cleanup pgsql 
pcs resource cleanup pgsql_master_slave 
pcs resource cleanup master-group 

is running and interestingly the resource agent places a recovery.conf into
the the data directory which seems to put PostgreSQL into recovery mode as
indicated by this:

postgres 61166  1.0  2.1 336488 14664 ?        S    13:35   0:00
/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data
postgres 61192  0.0  0.1 190072  1296 ?        Ss   13:35   0:00 postgres:
logger process
postgres 61193  0.0  0.3 336608  2076 ?        Ss   13:35   0:00 postgres:
startup process   recovering 0000000100000000
postgres 61208  0.0  0.2 336488  1684 ?        Ss   13:35   0:00 postgres:
checkpointer process
postgres 61209  0.0  0.2 336488  1692 ?        Ss   13:35   0:00 postgres:
writer process
postgres 61210  0.0  0.4 343332  2916 ?        Ss   13:35   0:00 postgres:
wal receiver process

which in turn seems to cause a timeout in the resource agent waiting for
PostgreSQL to start:

pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:05 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:05 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:06 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:06 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:07 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:07 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:09 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:09 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:10 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:10 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:11 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:11 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:12 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:12 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:13 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:13 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:14 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:14 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:16 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:16 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:17 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:17 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:18 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:18 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:19 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:19 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:20 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:20 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:21 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:21 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:22 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:22 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:24 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:24 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:25 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:25 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:26 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:26 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:27 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:27 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:28 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:28 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:29 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:29 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:30 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:31 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:32 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:32 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:33 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:33 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:34 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:34 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:35 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:35 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:36 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:36 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:37 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:37 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:39 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:39 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:40 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:40 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:41 WARNING: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[61018]:    2014/09/18_13:36:41 WARNING: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:  warning: child_timeout_callback:    
pgsql_start_0 process (PID 61018) timed out
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:  warning: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018 - timed out after 60000ms
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_start_0:61018:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_finished:      
finished - rsc:pgsql action:start call_id:160 pid:61018 exit-code:1
exec-time:60037ms queue-time:0ms
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql' not found (2 active resources)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:    error: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_start_0 (160) Timed Out (timeout=60000ms)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:  warning: do_update_resource:        
Resource pgsql no longer exists in the lrmd
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:  warning: status_from_rc:    
Action 6 (pgsql_start_0) on node1 failed (target: 0 vs. rc: 1): Error
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:  warning: update_failcount:  
Updating failcount for pgsql on node1 after failed start: rc=1
(update=INFINITY, time=1411061801)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
match_graph_event:313 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=lrm_rsc_op, id=pgsql_last_failure_0,
magic=2:1;6:40:0:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9) : Event failed
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_start_0 (6) confirmed on node1 (rc=4)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:  warning: update_failcount:  
Updating failcount for pgsql on node1 after failed start: rc=1
(update=INFINITY, time=1411061801)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: process_graph_event:       
Detected action (40.6) pgsql_start_0.160=unknown error: failed
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event: 
node1-pgsql_start_0:160 [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up\npsql: FATAL:  the database system is starting up\npsql: FATAL:  the
database system is starting up\npsql: FATAL:  the database system is
starting up\npsql: FATAL:  the database system is starting up\npsql: FATAL: 
the database system is starting up\npsql: FATAL:  the database system is
starting up\npsql: FATAL:  the database system is starting up\npsql: FATAL:
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: process_lrm_event: 
Deletion of resource 'pgsql' complete after pgsql_start_0
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: notify_deleted:    
Notifying f943b2e1-e9bd-435f-a8c6-31d28b7ba2af on node1 that pgsql was
deleted
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_trigger_update:      
Sending flush op to all hosts for: fail-count-pgsql (INFINITY)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_delete operation for section
//node_state[@uname='node1']//lrm_resource[@id='pgsql']: OK (rc=0,
origin=local/crmd/208, version=50.81.9)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_query operation for section
//cib/status//node_state[@id='1']//transient_attributes//nvpair[@name='fail-count-pgsql']:
No such device or address (rc=-6, origin=local/attrd/105, version=50.81.9)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_perform_update:      
Sent update 107: fail-count-pgsql=INFINITY
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_trigger_update:      
Sending flush op to all hosts for: last-failure-pgsql (1411061801)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_query operation for section
//cib/status//node_state[@id='1']//transient_attributes//nvpair[@name='last-failure-pgsql']:
OK (rc=0, origin=local/attrd/108, version=50.81.10)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_perform_update:      
Sent update 109: last-failure-pgsql=1411061801
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_trigger_update:      
Sending flush op to all hosts for: fail-count-pgsql (INFINITY)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_query operation for section
//cib/status//node_state[@id='1']//transient_attributes//nvpair[@name='fail-count-pgsql']:
OK (rc=0, origin=local/attrd/110, version=50.81.11)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_perform_update:      
Sent update 111: fail-count-pgsql=INFINITY
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_trigger_update:      
Sending flush op to all hosts for: last-failure-pgsql (1411061801)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_query operation for section
//cib/status//node_state[@id='1']//transient_attributes//nvpair[@name='last-failure-pgsql']:
OK (rc=0, origin=local/attrd/112, version=50.81.11)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_perform_update:      
Sent update 113: last-failure-pgsql=1411061801
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
te_update_diff:258 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=lrm_rsc_op, id=pgsql_last_0,
magic=0:7;4:39:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9, cib=50.81.9) :
Resource op removal
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
te_update_diff:172 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=nvpair, id=status-1-fail-count-pgsql, name=fail-count-pgsql,
value=INFINITY, magic=NA, cib=50.81.10) : Transient attribute: update
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
te_update_diff:172 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=nvpair, id=status-1-last-failure-pgsql, name=last-failure-pgsql,
value=1411061801, magic=NA, cib=50.81.11) : Transient attribute: update
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: te_rsc_command:    
Initiating action 46: notify pgsql_post_notify_start_0 on node1 (local)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql' not found (2 active resources)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql:0' not found (2 active
resources)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_rsc_register:  Added 'pgsql' to the rsc list (3 active
resources)
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: do_lrm_rsc_op:     
Performing key=46:40:0:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9
op=pgsql_notify_0
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_execute:       
executing - rsc:pgsql action:notify call_id:167
Sep 18 13:36:41 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_delete operation for section
//node_state[@uname='node1']//lrm_resource[@id='pgsql']: OK (rc=0,
origin=local/crmd/211, version=50.82.1)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql:0' not found (3 active
resources)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: notify_deleted:    
Notifying f4bfc05a-c58c-481b-ab96-0155c3f4f372 on node1 that pgsql:0 was
deleted
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_delete operation for section
//node_state[@uname='node1']//lrm_resource[@id='pgsql:0']: OK (rc=0,
origin=local/crmd/213, version=50.82.1)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql:1' not found (3 active
resources)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: notify_deleted:    
Notifying f4bfc05a-c58c-481b-ab96-0155c3f4f372 on node1 that pgsql:1 was
deleted
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_delete operation for section
//node_state[@uname='node1']//lrm_resource[@id='pgsql:1']: OK (rc=0,
origin=local/crmd/216, version=50.83.1)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: delete_resource:   
Removing resource pgsql_vip_rep for ae8b028f-ff93-4228-afa2-08647279ef05
(internal) on node1
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: notify_deleted:    
Notifying ae8b028f-ff93-4228-afa2-08647279ef05 on node1 that pgsql_vip_rep
was deleted
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_delete operation for section
//node_state[@uname='node1']//lrm_resource[@id='pgsql_vip_rep']: OK (rc=0,
origin=local/crmd/220, version=50.83.2)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
te_update_diff:258 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=lrm_rsc_op, id=pgsql_vip_rep_last_0,
magic=0:7;4:40:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9, cib=50.83.2) :
Resource op removal
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: delete_resource:   
Removing resource pgsql_forward_listen_port for
ae8b028f-ff93-4228-afa2-08647279ef05 (internal) on node1
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: notify_deleted:    
Notifying ae8b028f-ff93-4228-afa2-08647279ef05 on node1 that
pgsql_forward_listen_port was deleted
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_delete operation for section
//node_state[@uname='node1']//lrm_resource[@id='pgsql_forward_listen_port']:
OK (rc=0, origin=local/crmd/223, version=50.83.3)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
te_update_diff:258 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=lrm_rsc_op, id=pgsql_forward_listen_port_last_0,
magic=0:7;5:40:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9, cib=50.83.3) :
Resource op removal
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_finished:      
finished - rsc:pgsql action:notify call_id:167 pid:62615 exit-code:0
exec-time:783ms queue-time:0ms
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_notify_0 (46) confirmed on node1 (rc=0)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_notify_0 (call=167, rc=0, cib-update=0, confirmed=true) ok
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: clone_print:        
Master/Slave Set: pgsql_master_slave [pgsql]
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql_vip_rep      (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2):       Stopped
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql_forward_listen_port  (ocf::heartbeat:portforward):   Stopped
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: get_failcount_full:        
pgsql_master_slave has failed INFINITY times on node1
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: common_apply_stickiness:   
Forcing pgsql_master_slave away from node1 after 1000000 failures (max=1)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: get_failcount_full:        
pgsql_master_slave has failed INFINITY times on node1
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: common_apply_stickiness:   
Forcing pgsql_master_slave away from node1 after 1000000 failures (max=1)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_master_slave: Rolling back scores from pgsql_vip_rep
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql:0 cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql:1 cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_master_slave: Rolling back scores from pgsql_vip_rep
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: master_color:      
pgsql_master_slave: Promoted 0 instances of a possible 1 to master
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_vip_rep: Rolling back scores from pgsql_forward_listen_port
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql_vip_rep cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql_forward_listen_port cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql:0 (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql:1 (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql_vip_rep   (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql_forward_listen_port       (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: te_rsc_command:    
Initiating action 4: monitor pgsql:0_monitor_0 on node1 (local)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: do_lrm_rsc_op:     
Performing key=4:41:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9
op=pgsql_monitor_0
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: te_rsc_command:    
Initiating action 5: monitor pgsql_vip_rep_monitor_0 on node1 (local)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql_vip_rep' not found (1 active
resources)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_rsc_register:  Added 'pgsql_vip_rep' to the rsc list (2 active
resources)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: do_lrm_rsc_op:     
Performing key=5:41:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9
op=pgsql_vip_rep_monitor_0
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: te_rsc_command:    
Initiating action 6: monitor pgsql_forward_listen_port_monitor_0 on node1
(local)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_get_rsc_info:  Resource 'pgsql_forward_listen_port' not found
(2 active resources)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info:
process_lrmd_rsc_register:  Added 'pgsql_forward_listen_port' to the rsc
list (3 active resources)
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: do_lrm_rsc_op:     
Performing key=6:41:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9
op=pgsql_forward_listen_port_monitor_0
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_forward_listen_port_monitor_0 (call=180, rc=7,
cib-update=227, confirmed=true) not running
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event: 
node1-pgsql_forward_listen_port_monitor_0:180 [ portforward REDIRECT rule
for OUTPUT chain [tcp 5433 5432] is inactive\n ]
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_forward_listen_port_monitor_0 (6) confirmed on node1 (rc=0)
pgsql(pgsql)[62677]:    2014/09/18_13:36:42 INFO: Don't check
/var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/ during probe
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_vip_rep_monitor_0 (call=176, rc=7, cib-update=228,
confirmed=true) not running
Sep 18 13:36:42 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_vip_rep_monitor_0 (5) confirmed on node1 (rc=0)
pgsql(pgsql)[62677]:    2014/09/18_13:36:43 ERROR: PostgreSQL template1
isn't running
pgsql(pgsql)[62677]:    2014/09/18_13:36:43 ERROR: Connection error
(connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive)
occurred while executing the psql command.
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51045] node1       lrmd:   notice: operation_finished:        
pgsql_monitor_0:62677:stderr [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up ]
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_monitor_0 (call=172, rc=1, cib-update=229, confirmed=true)
unknown error
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event: 
node1-pgsql_monitor_0:172 [ psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting
up\n ]
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:  warning: status_from_rc:    
Action 4 (pgsql:0_monitor_0) on node1 failed (target: 7 vs. rc: 1): Error
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
match_graph_event:313 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=lrm_rsc_op, id=pgsql_last_failure_0,
magic=0:1;4:41:7:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9, cib=50.83.6) : Event
failed
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_monitor_0 (4) confirmed on node1 (rc=4)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: process_graph_event:       
Detected action (41.4) pgsql_monitor_0.172=unknown error: failed
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: unpack_rsc_op:     
Processing failed op monitor for pgsql:0 on node1: unknown error (1)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: clone_print:        
Master/Slave Set: pgsql_master_slave [pgsql]
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql      (ocf::heartbeat:pgsql): FAILED node1
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql_vip_rep      (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2):       Stopped
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql_forward_listen_port  (ocf::heartbeat:portforward):   Stopped
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: get_failcount_full:        
pgsql:0 has failed INFINITY times on node1
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: common_apply_stickiness:   
Forcing pgsql_master_slave away from node1 after 1000000 failures (max=1)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: get_failcount_full:        
pgsql_master_slave has failed INFINITY times on node1
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: common_apply_stickiness:   
Forcing pgsql_master_slave away from node1 after 1000000 failures (max=1)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_master_slave: Rolling back scores from pgsql_vip_rep
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql:1 cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql:0 cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_master_slave: Rolling back scores from pgsql_vip_rep
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: master_color:      
pgsql_master_slave: Promoted 0 instances of a possible 1 to master
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_vip_rep: Rolling back scores from pgsql_forward_listen_port
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql_vip_rep cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql_forward_listen_port cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:   notice: LogActions:         Stop   
pgsql:0 (node1)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql:1 (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql_vip_rep   (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql_forward_listen_port       (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: te_rsc_command:    
Initiating action 42: notify pgsql_pre_notify_stop_0 on node1 (local)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: do_lrm_rsc_op:     
Performing key=42:42:0:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9
op=pgsql_notify_0
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_execute:       
executing - rsc:pgsql action:notify call_id:181
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_finished:      
finished - rsc:pgsql action:notify call_id:181 pid:62802 exit-code:0
exec-time:212ms queue-time:0ms
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_notify_0 (42) confirmed on node1 (rc=0)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_notify_0 (call=181, rc=0, cib-update=0, confirmed=true) ok
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: te_rsc_command:    
Initiating action 1: stop pgsql_stop_0 on node1 (local)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: do_lrm_rsc_op:     
Performing key=1:42:0:2b32876f-fe95-470b-b770-9c34a79944e9 op=pgsql_stop_0
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_execute:       
executing - rsc:pgsql action:stop call_id:182
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_trigger_update:      
Sending flush op to all hosts for: master-pgsql (-INFINITY)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_query operation for section
//cib/status//node_state[@id='1']//transient_attributes//nvpair[@name='master-pgsql']:
OK (rc=0, origin=local/attrd/114, version=50.83.6)
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51046] node1      attrd:   notice: attrd_perform_update:      
Sent update 115: master-pgsql=-INFINITY
Sep 18 13:36:43 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: abort_transition_graph:    
te_update_diff:172 - Triggered transition abort (complete=0, node=node1,
tag=nvpair, id=status-1-master-pgsql, name=master-pgsql, value=-INFINITY,
magic=NA, cib=50.83.7) : Transient attribute: update
pgsql(pgsql)[62853]:    2014/09/18_13:36:45 INFO: waiting for server to shut
down..... done server stopped
pgsql(pgsql)[62853]:    2014/09/18_13:36:45 INFO: PostgreSQL is down
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51043] node1        cib:     info: cib_process_request:       
Completed cib_query operation for section
//cib/status//node_state[@id='1']//transient_attributes//nvpair[@name='pgsql-status']:
OK (rc=0, origin=local/crm_attribute/3, version=50.83.7)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51045] node1       lrmd:     info: log_finished:      
finished - rsc:pgsql action:stop call_id:182 pid:62853 exit-code:0
exec-time:2573ms queue-time:0ms
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51048] node1       crmd:   notice: process_lrm_event:  LRM
operation pgsql_stop_0 (call=182, rc=0, cib-update=231, confirmed=true) ok
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51048] node1       crmd:     info: match_graph_event: 
Action pgsql_stop_0 (1) confirmed on node1 (rc=0)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: unpack_rsc_op:     
Processing failed op monitor for pgsql:0 on node1: unknown error (1)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: clone_print:        
Master/Slave Set: pgsql_master_slave [pgsql]
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql_vip_rep      (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2):       Stopped
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_print:           
pgsql_forward_listen_port  (ocf::heartbeat:portforward):   Stopped
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: get_failcount_full:        
pgsql:0 has failed INFINITY times on node1
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: common_apply_stickiness:   
Forcing pgsql_master_slave away from node1 after 1000000 failures (max=1)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: get_failcount_full:        
pgsql_master_slave has failed INFINITY times on node1
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:  warning: common_apply_stickiness:   
Forcing pgsql_master_slave away from node1 after 1000000 failures (max=1)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_master_slave: Rolling back scores from pgsql_vip_rep
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql:0 cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql:1 cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_master_slave: Rolling back scores from pgsql_vip_rep
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: master_color:      
pgsql_master_slave: Promoted 0 instances of a possible 1 to master
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: rsc_merge_weights: 
pgsql_vip_rep: Rolling back scores from pgsql_forward_listen_port
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql_vip_rep cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: native_color:      
Resource pgsql_forward_listen_port cannot run anywhere
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql:0 (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql:1 (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql_vip_rep   (Stopped)
Sep 18 13:36:45 [51047] node1    pengine:     info: LogActions:        
Leave   pgsql_forward_listen_port       (Stopped)




--
View this message in context: http://linux-ha.996297.n3.nabble.com/Unable-to-start-any-node-of-pgsql-Master-Slave-Cluster-tp15816p15818.html
Sent from the Linux-HA mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
_______________________________________________
Linux-HA mailing list
[email protected]
http://lists.linux-ha.org/mailman/listinfo/linux-ha
See also: http://linux-ha.org/ReportingProblems
lmpx.com only provides a reader for public news (NNTP) servers. It is not affiliated with the servers or forums shown here and is not responsible for the content of articles, which is written by their respective authors.