Re: Core dump with net-snmp-5.8

Anders Wallin <[email protected]>
Newsgroups gmane.network.net-snmp.devel
Message-ID <CAF2baFedJK_sY5kMzXYNFfN3+zGrdCw0tQ+bOCQHxQ0Y18wNgQ@mail.gmail.com>
Hi Sam,

I'm not a maintainer for net-snmp, but it was merged into 5-8-patches
yesterday

Regards
Anders Wallin


On Wed, Apr 10, 2019 at 8:04 PM Sam Tannous <[email protected]>
wrote:

> Hi Anders,
>
> We've been testing the patch for
>
> https://sourceforge.net/p/net-snmp/bugs/2914/
>
> and this works.
>
> Before the patch, we were getting lots of core dumps where the flow in
> master.c hits the default case and memory gets double-freed and a core
> happens.
> We'd love to get this into V5-8-patches soon.
>
> Thanks,
> Sam
>
>
>
> On Tue, Apr 9, 2019 at 9:13 AM Sam Tannous <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
>> Hi Anders,
>>
>> I fixed some snmpv3 (bulkget) coredumps a while ago.
>> https://sourceforge.net/p/net-snmp/patches/1388/
>>
>> While not directly related, the (double-free memory) core dumps
>> were easily triggered by any error condition within a v3 bulkget.
>>
>> I'm hoping my patch will get picked up soon :-(
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Sam
>>
>> On Tue, Apr 9, 2019 at 6:54 AM Anders Wallin <[email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Now it works fine!
>>>
>>> thx
>>> Anders Wallin
>>>
>>>
>>> On Tue, Apr 9, 2019 at 2:26 AM Masayoshi Mizuma <[email protected]>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Hi Anders,
>>>>
>>>> Thank you for your feedback!
>>>> I attach the v2 patch. Could you try it?
>>>>
>>>> On the v1 patch, I missed the check for the request callback. So, the
>>>> request
>>>> gets removed even though the callback doesn't run.
>>>>
>>>> Thanks,
>>>> Masa
>>>>
>>>> On 4/8/19 11:06 AM, Anders Wallin wrote:
>>>> > Hi Masa,
>>>> >
>>>> > looks like it solves the problem reported by Josef, BUT it breaks
>>>> DTLSUDP.
>>>> > I run the tests w/o analyzing why.
>>>> > To reproduce the issue I did the following using net-snmp master
>>>> branch,
>>>> > plus these patches
>>>> > 39485c6f2 - snmplib/snmp_api: Remove the request on the session when
>>>> the
>>>> > sending is failed (10 minutes ago) <Masayoshi Mizuma>
>>>> > 06a4d52d8 - agentx: logging to late responses (5 days ago) <Anders
>>>> Wallin>
>>>> > a420d87d3 - BUG2914: Agent master needs to treat resend as normal (5
>>>> days
>>>> > ago) <Anders Wallin>
>>>> > eaad09d04 - (origin/master, origin/HEAD, master) Merge branch
>>>> > 'V5-8-patches' (9 weeks ago) <Bart Van Assche>
>>>> >
>>>> > $ ./configure --prefix=/usr \
>>>> >                 --with-persistent-directory=/var/lib/net-snmp \
>>>> >                 --with-mib-modules='smux tlstm-mib tsm-mib
>>>> examples/example
>>>> > examples/notification' \
>>>> >                 --with-security-modules="tsm" \
>>>> >                 --with-transports="TLSTCP DTLSUDP" \
>>>> >                 --enable-shared \
>>>> >                 --with-defaults \
>>>> >                 --enable-ipv6 \
>>>> >                 --with-cflags="-g -O2" \
>>>> >                 --without-elf
>>>> >
>>>> > $ make install
>>>> > $ cd testing
>>>> > $ ./RUNFULLTESTS -g tls
>>>> > DTLS-UDP user certificate tests .......................... 41/?
>>>> >  This hangs forever in "41" with snmpd.log saying....
>>>> > ......
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:11
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:11
>>>> > Received 0 byte packet from DTLSUDP: unknown
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:11
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:13
>>>> > Received 0 byte packet from DTLSUDP: unknown
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:13
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15
>>>> > Received 0 byte packet from DTLSUDP: unknown
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15 tls verification failure: ok=0 ctx=0x55ee625b4170
>>>> > depth=0 err=18:self signed certificate
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15 ---- OpenSSL Related Errors: ----
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15  TLS error: SSL_read: rc=-1, sslerror = 1
>>>> > (SSL_ERROR_SSL)
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15  TLS Error: certificate verify failed
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15 ---- End of OpenSSL Errors ----
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15 ---- OpenSSL Related Errors: ----
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15 TLS error: SSL_read: rc=-1, sslerror = 5
>>>> > (SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL): system_error=0 (Success)
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:15 TLS Error: (null)
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:16 ---- OpenSSL Related Errors: ----
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:16 TLS error: SSL_read: rc=-1, sslerror = 5
>>>> > (SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL): system_error=0 (Success)
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:16 TLS Error: (null)
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:16 ---- OpenSSL Related Errors: ----
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:16 TLS error: SSL_read: rc=-1, sslerror = 5
>>>> > (SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL): system_error=0 (Success)
>>>> > 2019-04-08 16:29:16 TLS Error: (null)
>>>> >
>>>> > With the fix suggested på Josef I don't see the DTLSUDP problem, but
>>>> maybe
>>>> > there are other problems.
>>>> >
>>>> > Regards
>>>> > Anders Wallin
>>>> >
>>>> > PS. thx for adding commit info to a420d87d3, I updated the patch with
>>>> your
>>>> > commit comments
>>>> >
>>>> >
>>>> > On Mon, Apr 8, 2019 at 3:27 PM Masayoshi Mizuma <
>>>> [email protected]>
>>>> > wrote:
>>>> >
>>>> >> Hi Josef,
>>>> >>
>>>> >> I attach two patches to fix the memory inconsistency if the request
>>>> is
>>>> >> resend and timed out.
>>>> >> Could you try them?
>>>> >>
>>>> >> - 0001-agentx-master-Return-when-NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_RESEND.patch
>>>> >>
>>>> >>   This patch was posted by Anders, and I tried to add the
>>>> description.
>>>> >>   This patch fixes the missing NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_RESEND callback.
>>>> >>
>>>> >> - 0002-snmplib-snmp_api-Remove-the-request-on-the-session-w.patch
>>>> >>
>>>> >>   This patch fixes the race between NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_SEND_FAILED
>>>> >>   and NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_TIMED_OUT callback. If the request is
>>>> failed,
>>>> >>   then remove the request from the internal session.
>>>> >>
>>>> >> Thanks,
>>>> >> Masa
>>>> >>
>>>> >> On 4/3/19 9:34 AM, Anders Wallin wrote:
>>>> >>> The introduction of that code fixes another issue;
>>>> >>> "commit 56c30b11f3616ea4f0c38a21e08e78f050096020
>>>> >>> Author: Bill Fenner <[email protected]>
>>>> >>> Date:   Wed Dec 20 21:52:10 2017 +0000
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>>     NEWS: snmplib: PATCH: 1349: Fix perl/other crash against bad
>>>> SNMPv3
>>>> >>> agent
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>>     With the patch in 1214, the snmp_api code assumed that if magic
>>>> was
>>>> >>>     set, it was the "struct synch-state" from snmp_client.  Of
>>>> course,
>>>> >>>     magic belongs to the caller, and the perl library uses it
>>>> >> differently,
>>>> >>>     so reaching into it is verboten.  Introduce a new callback (that
>>>> >>>     was already introduced in 5.8) to report this "retries exceeded"
>>>> >>>     state, and use it in snmp_client."
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>> I think the problem is really about shutting down the agentx
>>>> connection
>>>> >>> when one(1) response is to late. I have
>>>> >>> done 2 patches (one that only write a better log message and one
>>>> that
>>>> >>> removes the "bad" code.
>>>> >>> With these patches I don't get any crash. I think that 5.7.3 has
>>>> this
>>>> >> issue
>>>> >>> as well, but it can not be crashed with the agentofdead code
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>> Can you please try this?
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>> Regards
>>>> >>> Anders Wallin
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>> On Wed, Apr 3, 2019 at 12:35 PM Josef Ridky <[email protected]>
>>>> wrote:
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>>> Hi,
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>>> I have compared net-snmp-5.7.3 and net-snmp-5.8 and I have found,
>>>> that
>>>> >>>> following callbacks in snmplib/snmp_api.c causes the core dump
>>>> issue:
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>>> --- old/snmplib/snmp_api.c      2019-04-03 12:13:55.126769866 +0200
>>>> >>>> +++ new/snmplib/snmp_api.c      2019-04-03 12:15:18.353420790 +0200
>>>> >>>> @@ -6731,9 +6731,9 @@ snmp_resend_request(struct session_list
>>>> >>>>          sp->s_snmp_errno = SNMPERR_BAD_SENDTO;
>>>> >>>>          sp->s_errno = errno;
>>>> >>>>          snmp_set_detail(strerror(errno));
>>>> >>>> -        if (rp->callback)
>>>> >>>> +/*        if (rp->callback)
>>>> >>>>              rp->callback(NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_SEND_FAILED, sp,
>>>> >>>> -                         rp->pdu->reqid, rp->pdu, rp->cb_data);
>>>> >>>> +                         rp->pdu->reqid, rp->pdu, rp->cb_data);*/
>>>> >>>>          return -1;
>>>> >>>>      } else {
>>>> >>>>          netsnmp_get_monotonic_clock(&now);
>>>> >>>> @@ -6743,9 +6743,9 @@ snmp_resend_request(struct session_list
>>>> >>>>          tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000L;
>>>> >>>>          tv.tv_usec %= 1000000L;
>>>> >>>>          rp->expireM = tv;
>>>> >>>> -        if (rp->callback)
>>>> >>>> +/*        if (rp->callback)
>>>> >>>>              rp->callback(NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_RESEND, sp,
>>>> >>>> -                         rp->pdu->reqid, rp->pdu, rp->cb_data);
>>>> >>>> +                         rp->pdu->reqid, rp->pdu, rp->cb_data);*/
>>>> >>>>      }
>>>> >>>>      return 0;
>>>> >>>>  }
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>>> Without them, all works as expected.
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>>> Josef Ridky
>>>> >>>> Software Engineer
>>>> >>>> Core Services Team
>>>> >>>> Red Hat Czech, s.r.o.
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>>> ----- Original Message -----
>>>> >>>> | From: "Anders Wallin" <[email protected]>
>>>> >>>> | To: "Josef Ridky" <[email protected]>
>>>> >>>> | Cc: "net-snmp-coders" <[email protected]>
>>>> >>>> | Sent: Tuesday, April 2, 2019 6:27:54 PM
>>>> >>>> | Subject: Re: Core dump with net-snmp-5.8
>>>> >>>> |
>>>> >>>> | Hi Josef,
>>>> >>>> | I can reproduce the issue using the master branch, I will take a
>>>> look
>>>> >> at
>>>> >>>> it
>>>> >>>> | later tonight or tomorrow
>>>> >>>> |
>>>> >>>> | Regards
>>>> >>>> | Anders Wallin
>>>> >>>> |
>>>> >>>> |
>>>> >>>> | On Tue, Apr 2, 2019 at 3:42 PM Josef Ridky <[email protected]>
>>>> wrote:
>>>> >>>> |
>>>> >>>> | > Hi,
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > thanks for your patch. Unfortunately, even when I have applied
>>>> it,
>>>> >> it
>>>> >>>> | > still ends with core dump due of 'double free or corruption
>>>> >> (fasttop)'
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > When I run snmpd with -Dsnmp_agent,agentx/master it ends with:
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: sending pdu (req=0x1d4,trans=0x1d3,sess=0x5)
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: delegate session == 0x56207e165240
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: end of handle_snmp_packet, asp = 0x56207e165240
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: callback resend
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: callback resend
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: timeout on session 0x56207dfd5400 req=0x1c9
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: close 0x56207dfd5400, -1
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: removed 40 delegated request(s) for session
>>>> >> 0x56207dfce490
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e165240
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e165240
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e165240
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e165240 released
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e1041a0
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e1041a0
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e1041a0
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e1041a0 released
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e1656c0
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e1656c0
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e1656c0
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e1656c0 released
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e11af40
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e11af40
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e11af40
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e11af40 released
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e118f00
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e118f00
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e118f00
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e118f00 released
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e11b540
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e11b540
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e11b540
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e11b540 released
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: processing delegated request, asp = 0x56207e11bd00
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: canceling next walk for asp 0x56207e11bd00
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207e11bd00
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: agent_session 0x56207e11bd00 released
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: Continue removing delegated subsession reqests
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: close transport
>>>> >>>> | > snmp_agent: REMOVE session == 0x56207dfd5400
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: response too late on session 0x56207dfd5400
>>>> >>>> | > agentx/master: response too late on session 0x56207dfd5400
>>>> >>>> | > double free or corruption (fasttop)
>>>> >>>> | > Aborted (core dumped)
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > What's interesting, when I run it with -DALL it pass (at least
>>>> for
>>>> >>>> several
>>>> >>>> | > rounds).
>>>> >>>> | > It looks like some strange race condition.
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > Regards
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > Josef Ridky
>>>> >>>> | > Software Engineer
>>>> >>>> | > Core Services Team
>>>> >>>> | > Red Hat Czech, s.r.o.
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> | > ----- Original Message -----
>>>> >>>> | > | From: "Anders Wallin" <[email protected]>
>>>> >>>> | > | To: "Josef Ridky" <[email protected]>
>>>> >>>> | > | Cc: "net-snmp-coders" <[email protected]
>>>> >
>>>> >>>> | > | Sent: Tuesday, April 2, 2019 1:46:40 PM
>>>> >>>> | > | Subject: Re: Core dump with net-snmp-5.8
>>>> >>>> | > |
>>>> >>>> | > | Hi Josef,
>>>> >>>> | > |
>>>> >>>> | > | I think it's the same issue as
>>>> >>>> | > https://sourceforge.net/p/net-snmp/bugs/2914/
>>>> >>>> | > | (where I also posted the solution)
>>>> >>>> | > | Regards
>>>> >>>> | > | Anders Wallin
>>>> >>>> | > |
>>>> >>>> | > |
>>>> >>>> | > | On Tue, Apr 2, 2019 at 12:43 PM Josef Ridky <
>>>> [email protected]>
>>>> >>>> wrote:
>>>> >>>> | > |
>>>> >>>> | > | > Hi,
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > recently, I have hit to an issue in net-snmp-5.8, that is
>>>> >>>> connected to
>>>> >>>> | > the
>>>> >>>> | > | > bug report [1].
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > When I tried to run agentofdeath test from [1], snmpd
>>>> daemon
>>>> >> will
>>>> >>>> crash
>>>> >>>> | > | > with malloc(): smallbin double linked list corrupted or
>>>> double
>>>> >>>> free()
>>>> >>>> | > issue
>>>> >>>> | > | > and dumps core (see bellow).
>>>> >>>> | > | > From log file, I can identified one issue with "Unknown
>>>> >> operation".
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > This issue is in the agentx_got_response function
>>>> >>>> | > | > (agent/mibgroup/agentx/master.c). There isn't implemented
>>>> action
>>>> >>>> for
>>>> >>>> | > | > NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_RESEND (defined in
>>>> >>>> | > | > include/net-snmp/library/snmp_api.h).
>>>> >>>> | > | > As result "Unknown operation 6 in agentx_got_response" is
>>>> shown
>>>> >> in
>>>> >>>> log
>>>> >>>> | > | > file.
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > /var/log/messages
>>>> >>>> | > | > -------------------------------
>>>> >>>> | > | > Mar 28 06:52:42 localhost snmpd[12073]: Unknown operation
>>>> 6 in
>>>> >>>> | > | > agentx_got_response
>>>> >>>> | > | > Mar 28 06:52:43 localhost snmpd[12073]: Unknown operation
>>>> 6 in
>>>> >>>> | > | > agentx_got_response
>>>> >>>> | > | > Mar 28 06:52:43 localhost snmpd[12073]: malloc(): smallbin
>>>> >> double
>>>> >>>> | > linked
>>>> >>>> | > | > list corrupted
>>>> >>>> | > | > Mar 28 06:52:43 localhost systemd[1]: Started Process Core
>>>> Dump
>>>> >>>> (PID
>>>> >>>> | > | > 13652/UID 0).
>>>> >>>> | > | > Mar 28 06:52:48 localhost systemd[1]: snmpd.service: Main
>>>> >> process
>>>> >>>> | > exited,
>>>> >>>> | > | > code=dumped, status=6/ABRT
>>>> >>>> | > | > Mar 28 06:52:48 localhost systemd[1]: snmpd.service:
>>>> Failed with
>>>> >>>> result
>>>> >>>> | > | > 'core-dump'.
>>>> >>>> | > | > -------------------------------
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > The "Unknown operation" callback is caused by newly added
>>>> piece
>>>> >> of
>>>> >>>> | > code in
>>>> >>>> | > | > snmplib/snmp_api.c:
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | >  static int
>>>> >>>> | > | >  snmp_resend_request(struct session_list *slp,
>>>> >> netsnmp_request_list
>>>> >>>> | > *rp,
>>>> >>>> | > | >  int incr_retries)
>>>> >>>> | > | >  {
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > ...
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | >          tv.tv_sec += tv.tv_usec / 1000000L;
>>>> >>>> | > | >          tv.tv_usec %= 1000000L;
>>>> >>>> | > | >          rp->expireM = tv;
>>>> >>>> | > | > +        if (rp->callback)
>>>> >>>> | > | > +            rp->callback(NETSNMP_CALLBACK_OP_RESEND, sp,
>>>> >>>> | > | > +                         rp->pdu->reqid, rp->pdu,
>>>> rp->cb_data);
>>>> >>>> | > | >      }
>>>> >>>> | > | >      return 0;
>>>> >>>> | > | >  }
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > When I tried to remove it, it just stop complaining about
>>>> >>>> operation 6,
>>>> >>>> | > but
>>>> >>>> | > | > the core dump is still present.
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > May I ask you for help with this issue? Do you have any
>>>> idea,
>>>> >> what
>>>> >>>> | > causing
>>>> >>>> | > | > this issue in 5.8 and how to fix it?
>>>> >>>> | > | > I know, that Jan Safranek has fixed this for 5.7 by commit
>>>> [2],
>>>> >>>> but it
>>>> >>>> | > | > looks like something other has changed and this issue is
>>>> current
>>>> >>>> again.
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > [1] https://sourceforge.net/p/net-snmp/bugs/2411/
>>>> >>>> | > | > [2]
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>
>>>> https://github.com/net-snmp/net-snmp/commit/793d596838ff7cb48a73b675d62897c56c9e62df
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > Regards
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > Josef Ridky
>>>> >>>> | > | > Software Engineer
>>>> >>>> | > | > Core Services Team
>>>> >>>> | > | > Red Hat Czech, s.r.o.
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > | > _______________________________________________
>>>> >>>> | > | > Net-snmp-coders mailing list
>>>> >>>> | > | > [email protected]
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/net-snmp-coders
>>>> >>>> | > | >
>>>> >>>> | > |
>>>> >>>> | >
>>>> >>>> |
>>>> >>>>
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>> _______________________________________________
>>>> >>> Net-snmp-coders mailing list
>>>> >>> [email protected]
>>>> >>> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/net-snmp-coders
>>>> >>>
>>>> >>
>>>> >
>>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
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>>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> *Sam Tannous*
>> Engineering
>> Cumulus Networks®
>> +1 650 383 6700 x 1106
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>
>
> --
> *Sam Tannous*
> Engineering
> Cumulus Networks®
> +1 650 383 6700 x 1106
> <http://www.cumulusnetworks,com>www.cumulusnetworks.com
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