Finally managed to get rsync script working after working on it for more than 7 hours since 1.30 AM on 28 Jan 2026 Wednesday

Subject: Finally managed to get rsync script working after working on it for more than 7 hours since 1.30 AM on 28 Jan 2026 Wednesday

Good day from Singapore,

I have finally managed to get rsync script working after working on it for more than 7 hours since 1.30 AM on 28 Jan 2026 Wednesday.

The old Synology DS713+ NAS was backed up to USB external harddisk using Hyper Backup.

The Hyper Backup on the USB external harddisk was fully restored on the new Synology DS1522+ NAS at 1.30 AM on 28 Jan 2026 Wednesday.

Since 1.30 AM in the morning, I have been working for more than 7 hours to get the rsync script working, all throughout the night.

rsync daemon keeps failing with errors, so I had no choice but to turn to rsync SSH.

Before running rsync SSH, I need to get passwordless SSH login working first.

1️⃣ Generate an SSH key on DS713+ (client)

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096

Press Enter to accept the default path: /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa

Press Enter again for no passphrase (needed for automation)

This creates:

/var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa       ← private key (keep secret!)
/var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub   ← public key

2️⃣ Copy the public key to DS1522+ (server) manually

SSH into DS1522+ as rsyncuser

mkdir -p ~/.ssh

chmod 700 ~/.ssh

On DS713+, print your public key:

cat /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

---public key snipped---

On DS1522+, append it to authorized_keys:

vi ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

3️⃣ Test passwordless login

ssh [email protected]

The authenticity of host '192.168.0.101 (192.168.0.101)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is ---snipped---
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.101' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@         WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE!          @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Permissions 0777 for '/var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa' are too open.
It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others.
This private key will be ignored.
Load key "/var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa": bad permissions
[email protected]'s password:

On DS713+:

chmod 700 /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh

chmod 600 /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa

chmod 644 /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Passwordless ssh login is now successful.

Test rsync for 1 shared folder

1st test:

nohup rsync -aHAX --numeric-ids \
  --partial --info=progress2,stats2,name \
  --outbuf=L \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/1 Sales/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/1 Sales/" \
  >> /volume1/rsync_1_Sales.log 2>&1 &

2nd test:

nohup rsync -aHAX --numeric-ids \
  --partial --progress --verbose \
  --outbuf=L \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/1 Sales/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/1 Sales/" \
  >> /volume1/rsync_1_Sales.log 2>&1 &

No output for above rsync runs.

Test rsync for small folder "web"

rsync -av --progress \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/web/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/web/"

Result:

sending incremental file list
rsync: opendir "/volume1/web/web_images" failed: Permission denied (13)
./
@eaDir/
@eaDir/@tmp/

sent 356 bytes  received 29 bytes  256.67 bytes/sec
total size is 2,310  speedup is 6.00
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1462) [sender=3.1.2]


Test rsync again with exclude eaDir

rsync -av --progress \
  --exclude='@eaDir/' \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/web/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/web/"

Result:

sending incremental file list
rsync: opendir "/volume1/web/web_images" failed: Permission denied (13)

sent 275 bytes  received 14 bytes  192.67 bytes/sec
total size is 2,310  speedup is 7.99
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1462) [sender=3.1.2]

✅ CORRECT FIX (safe, Synology-approved)

You need to re-apply and enforce ACL inheritance on the source NAS (DS713+).

sudo synoacltool -add /volume1/web rsyncuser:allow:rwx

Result:

(synoacltool.c, 253)Unknown error


sudo synoacltool -enforce-inherit /volume1/web

rsyncuser@DiskStation:~/.ssh$ sudo -u rsyncuser ls /volume1/web/web_images
ls: cannot open directory '/volume1/web/web_images': Permission denied

✅ Working approach: run rsync as root via SSH

Since your goal is migration to DS1522+, the easiest solution that actually works on DS713+ is:

Use root on DS713+ as the source

Use SSH rsync with passwordless keys for root

Exclude @eaDir

This avoids all ACL problems because root can read every folder, including legacy ACL-protected subfolders.

On DS713+:

sudo -i
ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
---snipped---
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
---snipped---
+----[SHA256]-----+

cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

---public key snipped---

On DS1522+:

echo "---public key snipped---" >> /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/authorized_keys


chmod 600 /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R rsyncuser:users /var/services/homes/rsyncuser/.ssh

Now root on DS713+ → rsyncuser on DS1522+ is passwordless.

Test rsync again.

rsync -aAX --numeric-ids --partial \
  --exclude='@eaDir/' \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/web/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/web/" \
  >> /volume1/rsync_web.log 

rsync: failed to modify permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: rsync_xal_set: set_xattr_syno_acl(""/volume1/web/."","user.rsync.synoacl") failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1462) [sender=3.1.2]

Test rsync again:

rsync -a --numeric-ids --partial \
  --exclude='@eaDir/' \
  --no-acls --no-xattrs \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/web/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/web/" \
  >> /volume1/rsync_web.log 

rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/.htaccess": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/index.html": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to modify permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet/***_index.php": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet/index.php": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1462) [sender=3.1.2]

Test rsync again:

rsync -av --numeric-ids --partial \
  --exclude='@eaDir/' \
  --chmod=ugo=rwX \
  --no-acls --no-xattrs \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/web/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/web/" \
  >> /volume1/rsync_web.log

rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/.htaccess": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet/***_index.php": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/intranet/index.php": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/web_images": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/web_images/bg.png": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync: failed to set permissions on "/volume1/web/web_images/icon.png": Operation not permitted (1)
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1462) [sender=3.1.2]

Test rsync again:

rsync -rltDv --progress \
  --exclude='@eaDir/' \
  --no-perms --no-owner --no-group --no-acls --no-xattrs \
  -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
  "/volume1/web/" \
  "[email protected]:/volume1/web/" \
  >> /volume1/rsync_web.log

Output:

sending incremental file list

sent 280 bytes  received 14 bytes  196.00 bytes/sec
total size is 233,274  speedup is 793.45

New rsync script:

vi rsync_script.sh

#!/bin/bash
# DS713+ -> DS1522+ migration via rsync over SSH
# All shared folders in a loop, passwordless SSH, background-safe

# Target NAS and user
TARGET_USER="rsyncuser"
TARGET_HOST="192.168.0.101"

# Shared folders to migrate
FOLDERS=(
"1 Sales"
"2 OPERATIONS"
"3 Admin"
"4 ISO 9001"
"5 Finance"
"6 IT"
"7 Volume_1"
"8"
"8 SynologyLog"
"Completed Projects"
"Disk 2"
"docker"
"OSV and LLP"
"Volume_2"
"web"
"web_packages"
)

# Base log folder on source NAS
LOGDIR="/volume1/rsync_logs"
mkdir -p "$LOGDIR"

# Loop over folders
for F in "${FOLDERS[@]}"; do
    # Escape spaces in folder name for rsync destination
    DEST_FOLDER="$F"

    echo "Starting rsync for folder: $F"

    nohup rsync -rltDv --progress \
        --exclude='@eaDir/' \
        --no-perms --no-owner --no-group --no-acls --no-xattrs \
        -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
        "/volume1/$F/" \
        "$TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST:/volume1/$DEST_FOLDER/" \
        >> "$LOGDIR/rsync_$(echo $F | tr ' ' '_').log" 2>&1 &

done

echo "All rsync jobs started in background. Logs are in $LOGDIR"

End of script.



chmod +x rsync_script.sh

/root/rsync_script.sh

Output:

root@DiskStation:/volume1/rsync_logs# tail -f rsync_1_Sales.log
kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
rsync error: unexplained error (code 255) at io.c(254) [sender=3.1.2]

Test another script:

#!/bin/bash
# Sequential background rsync for Synology migration
# Source: DS713+, Target: DS1522+ (rsyncuser)
# One folder at a time to avoid SSH session limits

TARGET_USER="rsyncuser"
TARGET_HOST="192.168.0.101"

FOLDERS=(
"1 Sales"
"2 OPERATIONS"
"3 Admin"
"4 ISO 9001"
"5 Finance"
"6 IT"
"7 Volume_1"
"8"
"8 SynologyLog"
"Completed Projects"
"Disk 2"
"docker"
"OSV and LLP"
"Volume_2"
"web"
"web_packages"
)

LOGDIR="/volume1/rsync_logs"
mkdir -p "$LOGDIR"

for F in "${FOLDERS[@]}"; do
    LOGFILE="$LOGDIR/rsync_$(echo $F | tr ' ' '_').log"
    echo "===== Starting rsync for folder: $F at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"

    # Run rsync sequentially but in background via nohup
    nohup rsync -rltDv --progress \
        --exclude='@eaDir/' \
        --no-perms --no-owner --no-group --no-acls --no-xattrs \
        -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
        "/volume1/$F/" \
        "$TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST:/volume1/$F/" \
        >> "$LOGFILE" 2>&1

    echo "===== Completed rsync for folder: $F at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"
done

echo "All rsync folders queued sequentially in nohup. Logs in $LOGDIR"

End of script

nohup /root/rsync_script.sh &

Output:

===== Starting rsync for folder: 1 Sales at Wed Jan 28 12:31:35 +08 2026 =====
sending incremental file list
rsync: [sender] write error: Broken pipe (32)
rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at io.c(871) [sender=3.1.2]
===== Completed rsync for folder: 1 Sales at Wed Jan 28 12:31:37 +08 2026 =====

Testing another script:

#!/bin/bash
# DS713+ -> DS1522+ migration via SSH rsync
# Sequentially process 16 shared folders, per-folder logging
# Skip ACLs/xattrs to avoid permission errors
# Exclude @eaDir

# Target NAS and user
TARGET_USER="rsyncuser"
TARGET_HOST="192.168.0.101"

# Shared folders to migrate
FOLDERS=(
"1 Sales"
"2 OPERATIONS"
"3 Admin"
"4 ISO 9001"
"5 Finance"
"6 IT"
"7 Volume_1"
"8"
"8 SynologyLog"
"Completed Projects"
"Disk 2"
"docker"
"OSV and LLP"
"Volume_2"
"web"
"web_packages"
)

# Base log folder on source NAS
LOGDIR="/volume1/rsync_logs"
mkdir -p "$LOGDIR"

# Loop through folders sequentially
for F in "${FOLDERS[@]}"; do
    LOGFILE="$LOGDIR/rsync_$(echo "$F" | tr ' ' '_').log"
    echo "===== Starting rsync for folder: $F at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"

    rsync -rltDv --progress \
        --exclude='@eaDir/' \
        --no-perms --no-owner --no-group --no-acls --no-xattrs \
        -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=30 -o ServerAliveCountMax=20" \
        "/volume1/$F/" \
        "$TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST:/volume1/$F/" \
        >> "$LOGFILE" 2>&1

    echo "===== Completed rsync for folder: $F at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"
done

echo "All folders have been processed sequentially. Logs are in $LOGDIR"




nohup /root/rsync_script.sh > /volume1/rsync_master.log 2>&1 &

Output:

===== Starting rsync for folder: 1 Sales at Wed Jan 28 12:37:26 +08 2026 =====
sending incremental file list
rsync: [sender] write error: Broken pipe (32)
rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at io.c(871) [sender=3.1.2]
===== Completed rsync for folder: 1 Sales at Wed Jan 28 12:37:27 +08 2026 =====




GRAND FINAL WORKING RSYNC SCRIPT - CONFIRMED AND TESTED TO BE WORKING! - AS AT 28 JAN 2026 Wednesday 1.36 PM
==============================================================================================================

#!/bin/bash
# Bulletproof Synology migration script: DS713+ -> DS1522+
# Sequential SSH rsync for 16 shared folders
# Handles spaces, retries, logs, #recycle excluded

# ----------------------------
# Configuration
# ----------------------------
TARGET_USER="rsyncuser"
TARGET_HOST="192.168.0.101"
BW_LIMIT=3000          # KB/s, adjust as needed
MAX_RETRIES=3
LOGDIR="/volume1/rsync_logs"
mkdir -p "$LOGDIR"

# List of shared folders to migrate
FOLDERS=(
"1 Sales"
"2 OPERATIONS"
"3 Admin"
"4 ISO 9001"
"5 Finance"
"6 IT"
"7 Volume_1"
"8"
"8 SynologyLog"
"Completed Projects"
"Disk 2"
"docker"
"OSV and LLP"
"Volume_2"
"web"
"web_packages"
)

# ----------------------------
# Pre-create all destination folders on DS1522+
# ----------------------------
echo "Creating all target folders on $TARGET_HOST..."
for F in "${FOLDERS[@]}"; do
    ssh "$TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST" "mkdir -p '/volume1/$F'"
done
echo "All destination folders created."

# ----------------------------
# Migration loop
# ----------------------------
for F in "${FOLDERS[@]}"; do
    LOGFILE="$LOGDIR/rsync_$(echo "$F" | tr ' ' '_').log"
    echo "===== Starting rsync for folder: $F at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"

    RETRY_COUNT=0
    SUCCESS=0

    while [ $RETRY_COUNT -lt $MAX_RETRIES ]; do
        rsync -rltDv --progress \
            --exclude='@eaDir/' \
            --exclude='#recycle/' \
            --no-perms --no-owner --no-group --no-acls --no-xattrs \
            --bwlimit=$BW_LIMIT \
            -e "ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=15 -o ServerAliveCountMax=10 -o TCPKeepAlive=yes" \
            "/volume1/$F/" \
            "$TARGET_USER@$TARGET_HOST:'/volume1/$F/'" \
            >> "$LOGFILE" 2>&1

        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            SUCCESS=1
            echo "===== Completed rsync for folder: $F at $(date) SUCCESS =====" >> "$LOGFILE"
            break
        else
            RETRY_COUNT=$((RETRY_COUNT+1))
            echo "===== rsync FAILED for folder: $F, retry $RETRY_COUNT/$MAX_RETRIES at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"
            sleep 5
        fi
    done

    if [ $SUCCESS -eq 0 ]; then
        echo "===== Folder $F FAILED after $MAX_RETRIES retries at $(date) =====" >> "$LOGFILE"
    fi
done

echo "All folders processed sequentially. Logs are in $LOGDIR"

End of script.


chmod +x rsync_script.sh

nohup /root/rsync_script.sh > /volume1/rsync_master.log 2>&1 &

Thank you.

Regards,

Mr. Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming
Extremely Democratic People's Republic of Singapore
28 Jan 2026 Wednesday 7.24 pm Singapore Time



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