Does VNC server on Windows 10 require a functional GPU?

I'm trying to diagnose an intermittent lockup on a Windows 10 Home system.
The display on the system goes black but otherwise the system appears to
still be running.

I installed a VNC server on the system, and the next time it failed I
connected to it from another system, and I see the same black screen.  

Is VNC just showing me what the GPU is displaying?  Or does the VNC server
have it's own framebuffer of some kind?  I'm wondering if this black screen
on the VNC client means the problem is outside the GPU, or could this still
be a GPU issue?

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