Re: MPAA draft state super-DMCA amendment
David Turner <[email protected]>
| Newsgroups | gmane.org.dmca-activists |
|---|---|
| Message-ID | <1049414065.8275.10092.camel@banks> |
Original: http://www.freedom-to-tinker.com/doc/2003/mpaa_3apr.rtf HTML: attached On Thu, 2003-04-03 at 18:30, iriXx wrote: > do you have a URL for the draft at Freedom to Tinker?... > thanks > m~ > > David Turner wrote: > > Hi. I'm the new listmaster for dmca-activists. I was at the public > > hearing yesterday for the MA bill 2743, the state super-DMCA. > > > > What do people on-list think of the MPAA's new draft bill which is up on > > Freedom To Tinker? > > > > The primary change is the addition of "with the intent to defraud a > > communication service provider" to the beginning of the section which > > defines offenses. This seems to be an improvement, but I feel that > > there are still risks for Free Software. For instance, there's a > > chilling effect, because there's a private right of action. Taking > > MythTV as an example, skipping commercials could be considered > > "defrauding" a communication service provider. General time and space > > shifting might also, if prohibited by some user agreement (probably, > > future pay TV services will come with such agreements). > > > > Any other comments? > > > > > > > -- > |\ _,,,---,,_ > ZZZzz /,`.-'`' -. ;-;;,_ HTTP 503: Too Busy > |,4- ) )-,_. ,\ ( `'-' > '---''(_/--' `-'\_) fL > > > .::. www.iriXx.org .::. www.copyleftmedia.org.uk .::. > > gnupg key ID: AEB7A31E > > > > > _______________________________________________ > DMCA-Activists mailing list > [email protected] > http://mail.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/dmca-activists -- -Dave Turner GPL Compliance Engineer Support my work: http://svcs.affero.net/rm.php?r=novalis&p=FSF _______________________________________________ DMCA-Activists mailing list [email protected] http://mail.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/dmca-activists
mpaa_3apr.html
(text/html, 27 KB)
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="CONTENT-TYPE" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<TITLE></TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.0 (Linux)">
<META NAME="CREATED" CONTENT="20030403;18042600">
<META NAME="CHANGED" CONTENT="16010101;0">
</HEAD>
<BODY LANG="en-US">
<DIV TYPE=HEADER>
<P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
</DIV>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-after: avoid"></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-after: avoid"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><B>DRAFT
MODEL</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><B>COMMUNICATIONS</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><B>SECURITY</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-after: avoid"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><B>LEGISLATION</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><U><B>____________________________
</B></U></FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-after: avoid"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><B>BROADBAND
& INTERNET</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-after: avoid"><FONT SIZE=6 STYLE="font-size: 22pt"><U><B>
SECURITY TASK FORCE <FONT SIZE=1 STYLE="font-size: 1pt">.</FONT></B></U></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=4 STYLE="font-size: 16pt"><B>(Revised
4/1/03)</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=CENTER STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-left: 10.16cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>GEOFFREY
L. BEAUCHAMP, ESQUIRE</B><B> </B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3><B>WISLER, PEARLSTINE, TALONE,</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3><B>CRAIG, GARRITY & POTASH, LLP</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 10.16cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>Office
Court at Walton Point</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3>484 Norristown Road</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3>Blue Bell, PA 19422</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3>Telephone: (610) 825-8400</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3>Fax: (610) 828-4887</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 8.89cm; text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3>E-Mail: [email protected]</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-after: avoid"><FONT SIZE=3><B>Unlawful
Communication and Access Devices</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-left: 0.19cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(a)
Offense defined</B>. Any person commits an offense if he<B>
</B>knowingly <B>and with the intent to defraud a communication
service provider:</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(1)
possesses, uses, manufactures, develops,<B> </B>assembles,
distributes, transfers, imports into this state,<B> </B>licenses,<B>
</B>leases<B>,</B> sells or offers, promotes or advertises for sale<B>,
</B>use<B> </B>or<B> </B>distribution any communication device:</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(i)
for the<B> </B>commission of a theft of a communication service or to
receive, intercept,<B> </B>disrupt, transmit, re-transmits,<B>
</B>decrypt, acquire or facilitate the receipt, interception,<B>
</B>disruption, transmission, re-transmission,<B> </B>decryption or
acquisition of any communication service without the express<B>
</B>consent or express authorization of the communication service
provider; or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(ii)
to conceal or to assist another to conceal from any communication
service provider, or from any lawful authority, the existence or
place of origin or destination of any communication, <B>provided that
such concealment is for the purpose of committing a violation of
subparagraph (i) above;</B> or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(2)
modifies, alters, programs or reprograms a communication device for
the purposes described in subparagraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) above; or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(3)
possesses, uses, manufactures, develops,<B> </B>assembles,
distributes, imports into this state, licenses,<B> </B>transfers,
leases,<B> </B>sells, offers, promotes or advertises for sale, use or
distribution any unlawful access device<FONT COLOR="#0000ff"> </FONT>or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="text-indent: 0.32cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(4)
possesses, uses, prepares, distributes, sells, gives, transfers or
offers, promotes or advertises for sale, use or distribution any:</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="text-indent: 0.32cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(i)
plans or instructions for making<B>,</B> or assembling<B> </B>or
developing any communication or unlawful<B> </B>access device, under
circumstances evidencing an intent to use or employ such
communication or unlawful access device, or to allow the same to be
used or employed, for a purpose prohibited by this section, or
knowing or having reason to believe that the same is intended to be
so used, or that the aforesaid plans or instructions are intended to
be used for manufacturing or assembling such communication or
unlawful<B> </B>access device<B> </B>for a purpose prohibited by this
section; or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(ii)
material, including hardware, cables, tools, data, computer software
or other information or equipment, knowing that the purchaser or a
third person intends to use the material in the manufacture<B>,</B>
assembly<B> </B>or development of a communication device for a
purpose prohibited by this section, or for use in the manufacture,
assembly or development of an unlawful access device; and</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="text-indent: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(5) Assist
others in committing any of the acts prohibited by this section.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-left: 0.19cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(b)
Criminal Penalties.--</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(1)
Except for violations of this section as provided for in paragraph
(2) or (3), an offense under this section is a misdemeanor. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-left: 4.33cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(2)
An offense under this section is a <U> </U> felony if:</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>
(i) the defendant has been convicted previously under this section or
convicted of any similar crime in this or any Federal or other state
jurisdiction; or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(ii)
the violation of this section involves at least 10, but not more than
50, communication or access devices.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>
(3) An offense under this section is a <U> </U> felony if: </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>
(i) the defendant has been convicted previously on two or more
occasions for offenses under this section or for any similar crime in
this or any Federal or other state jurisdiction; or</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(ii)
the violation of this section involves more than 50 communication or
unlawful<B> </B>access devices. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(4)
For purposes of grading an offense based upon a prior conviction
under this section or for any similar crime pursuant to subparagraphs
(b)(2)(i) and (b)(3)(i), a prior conviction shall consist of
convictions upon separate indictments or criminal complaints for
offenses under this section or any similar crime in this or any
Federal or other state jurisdiction. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(5)
As provided for in subparagraphs (b)(2)(i) and (b)(3)(i), in grading
an offense under this section based upon a prior conviction, the term
"any similar crime" shall include, but not be limited to,
offenses involving theft of service or fraud, including violations of
the Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984 (Public Law 98 549,
98 Stat. 2779).</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(6)<B>
Separate offenses. </B>For<B> </B>purposes of all criminal
penalties or fines established for violations of this section, the
prohibited activity established herein as it applies to each
communication or unlawful access device shall be deemed a separate
offense. Each day a person is in violation of this section also
constitutes a separate offense.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(7)<B>
Fines</B>. For purposes of imposing fines upon conviction
of a defendant for an offense under this section, all fines shall be
imposed as authorized by law for each day a person is in violation of
this section and for each communication or unlawful access device
involved in the violation.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(8)<B>
Restitution. </B> The court shall, in addition to any
other sentence authorized by law, sentence a person convicted of
violating this section to make restitution as authorized by law.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(9)<B>
Forfeiture of communication or unlawful access devices. </B>Upon<B>
</B>conviction of a defendant under this section, the court may, in
addition to any other sentence authorized by law, direct that the
defendant forfeit any communication or unlawful access devices in the
defendant's possession or control which were involved in the
violation for which the defendant was convicted. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(c)
Venue</B>. An offense or violation under subsection (a)
may be deemed to have been committed at either place where the
defendant manufactures<B>, </B>develops or assembles an communication
or unlawful access device or assists others in doing so<B>,</B> or
the places where the communication or unlawful<B> </B>access device
is sold or delivered to a purchaser<B> </B>or recipient. It shall be
no defense to a violation of subsection (a) that some of the acts
constituting the violation occurred outside of this [State or
Commonwealth]. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="text-indent: 0.16cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(d) Civil
actions. </B><FONT FACE="Arial, sans-serif"> </FONT></FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(1)
Any person aggrieved by a violation of this section may bring a civil
action in any court of competent jurisdiction. "Any person
aggrieved" shall include any communication service provider.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(2)
The court may:</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(i)
award declaratory relief and other equitable remedies, including
preliminary and final injunctions to prevent or restrain violations
of this section, without requiring proof that the plaintiff has
suffered, or will suffer, actual damages, irreparable harm or lacks
an adequate remedy at law;</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(ii)
at any time while an action is pending, order the impounding, on such
terms as it deems reasonable, of any communication or unlawful access
device that is in the custody or control of the violator and that the
court has reasonable cause to believe was involved in the alleged
violation of this section; </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(iii)
award damages as described in subsection (3) below; </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(iv)
in its discretion, award reasonable attorney fees and costs,
including, but not limited to, costs for investigation, testing and
expert witness fees, to an aggrieved party who prevails; and</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(v)
as part of a final judgment or decree finding a violation of this
section, order the remedial modification or destruction of any
communication or unlawful<B> </B>access device, or any other devices
or equipment involved in the violation, that is in the custody or
control of the violator, or has been impounded under subparagraph
(ii) above. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(3)
Types of damages recoverable<B>. </B> Damages awarded by a
court under this section shall be computed as either of the
following: </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=2><FONT SIZE=3>
(i) Upon his election of such damages at any time before final
judgment is entered, the complaining party may recover the actual
damages suffered by him as a result of the violation of this section
and any profits of the violator that are attributable to the
violation and are not taken into account in computing the actual
damages. Actual damages include the retail value of any communication
services illegally available to those persons to whom the violator
directly or indirectly provided or distributed any communication or
unlawful access devices. In proving actual damages, the complaining
party shall be required to prove only that the violator manufactured,
distributed or sold any communication or unlawful<B> </B>access
devices, but shall not be required to prove that those devices were
actually used in violation of this section. </FONT> <FONT SIZE=3>In
determining the violator's profits, the complaining party shall be
required to prove only the violator's gross revenue, and the violator
shall be required to prove his deductible expenses and the elements
of profit attributable to factors other than the violation<B>; </B>or</FONT></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(ii)
Upon election by the complaining party at any time before final
judgment is entered, that party may recover in lieu of actual damages
an award of statutory damages of between $1,500 to $10,000 for each
communication or unlawful access device involved in the action, with
the amount of statutory damages to be determined by the court as the
court considers just. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(4)
In any case where the court finds that any of the violations of this
section were committed willfully and for purposes of commercial
advantage or private financial gain, the court in its discretion may
increase the total<B> </B>award of any<B> </B>damages amended under
subparagraphs (i) and (ii) above,<B> </B>by an amount of not more
than $50,000 for each communication or unlawful access device
involved in the action<B> </B>and for each day the defendant was in
violation of this section.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(e)
Definitions.—</B>As used in this section, the following words
and phrases shall have the following meanings:</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(1)
<B>"Manufacture, assembly or development of a communication
device."</B> To make, produce<B>, </B>develop or assemble a
communication device, or to knowingly assist others in those
activities.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(2)
<B>"Communication device."</B> <B> </B></FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 3.81cm; text-indent: -1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3><B>(i) </B>Any type of electronic mechanism,
transmission lines or connections and appurtenances thereto,<B>
</B>instrument, device, machine<B>,</B> equipment, technology or
software which is capable of intercepting,<B> </B>transmitting,
re-transmitting,<B> </B>acquiring, decrypting or receiving any
communication service; and </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 3.81cm; text-indent: -1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 3.81cm; text-indent: -1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<FONT SIZE=3><B>(ii) A</B>ny component thereof, including any
electronic serial number, mobile identification number, personal
identification number,<B> </B>computer circuit, splitter, connectors,
switches, transmission hardware,<B> </B>security module, smart card,
software, computer chip, electronic mechanism or any<B> </B>component,
accessory or part of any communication device which is capable of
facilitating the interception,<B> </B>transmission, re-transmission,<B>
</B>decryption, acquisition or reception of any<B> </B>communication
service<B>; </B> </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 3.81cm; text-indent: -1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
<BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 2.54cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(3)
<B>"Communication service." </B>Any service lawfully<B>
</B>provided for a charge or compensation to facilitate the lawful
origination, transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals,
data, writings, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by
telephone, including cellular or other wireless<B> </B>telephones,
wire, wireless, radio, electromagnetic, photoelectronic or
photo-optical systems, networks or facilities; and any service
lawfully provided <B>for a charge or compensation </B>by any radio,
telephone, fiber optic, photo-optical,<B><U> </U></B>electromagnetic,
photoelectric,<B> </B>cable television, satellite, microwave, data
transmission, wireless or Internet-based distribution system, network
or facility, including, but not limited to, any and all electronic,
data, video, audio, Internet access, telephonic, microwave and radio
communications, transmissions, signals and services, and any such
communications, transmissions, signals and services lawfully provided
directly or indirectly by or through any of the aforementioned
systems, networks or facilities. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="text-indent: 0.16cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>
(4) <B>"Communication service provider." </B>(i) Any person
or entity providing a communication service, whether directly or
indirectly as a reseller, including, but not limited to, a cellular,
paging or other wireless communications company or other person or
entity which, for a fee, supplies the facility , cell site, mobile
telephone switching office or other equipment or communication
service; (ii) any person or entity owning or operating any fiber
optic, photo-optical, electromagnetic, photoelectronic,<B> </B>cable
television, satellite, Internet<B>-</B>based, telephone, wireless,
microwave, data transmission or radio distribution system, network or
facility; and (iii) any person or entity providing any communication
service directly or indirectly by or through any such distribution
systems, networks or facilities. </FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(<B>5</B>)
<B>"Unlawful access device."</B> Any type of instrument,
device, machine<B>,</B> equipment, technology or software which is
primarily designed, developed,<B> </B>assembled, manufactured, sold,
distributed, possessed, used or offered, promoted or advertised, for
the purpose of defeating or circumventing an <B>effective</B>
technology, device or software<B>, </B>or any component or part
thereof<B>,</B> used by the provider, owner or licensee of any
communication service or of any data, audio or video programs or
transmissions, to protect any such communication, data, audio or
video<B> </B>services, programs or transmissions from unauthorized
receipt, acquisition, interception,<B> </B>access, decryption,
disclosure, communication, transmission or re-transmission.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=JUSTIFY STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3>(6)
<B>"Manufacture, assembly or development of an unlawful access
device."</B> To make, develop, produce or assemble an unlawful
access device or modify, alter, program or reprogram any instrument,<B>
</B>device, machine,<B> </B>equipment<B>, </B>technology or software
<B>for the purpose of</B> defeating or circumventing any effective
technology, device or software used by the provider, owner or
licensee of a communication service, or of<B> </B>any data, audio or
video programs or transmissions, to protect any such communication,
data, audio or<B> </B>video services, programs or transmissions from
unauthorized receipt, interception,<B> </B>acquisition, access,<B>
</B>decryption, disclosure, communication, transmission or
re-transmission, or to knowingly assist others in those activities.</FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B> (7)
"Multipurpose Device" means any communication device that
is capable of more than one function, and includes any component
thereof.</B></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(f)
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this section, the
manufacture, production, assembly, design, sale, distribution,
license or development of a multipurpose device shall not constitute
a violation of subsection (a)(3) unless the multipurpose device is
manufactured, developed, assembled, produced, designed, distributed,
sold or licensed for the primary purpose of committing a violation of
subsection (a)(3); or has only a limited commercially significant
purpose or use other than as a unlawful access device; or is marketed
by a person or another acting in concert with that person with that
person’s knowledge for use as an unlawful access device. </B></FONT>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><BR>
</P>
<P ALIGN=LEFT STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><FONT SIZE=3><B>(g) Nothing
in this section shall require that the design of, or design and
selection of parts, software code, and/or components for, a
communication device provide for a response to any particular
technology, device or software, or any component or part thereof,
used by the provider, owner or licensee of any communication service
or of any data, audio or video programs or transmissions, to protect
any such communication, data, audio or video service, programs or
transmissions from unauthorized receipt, acquisition, interception,
access, decryption, disclosure, communication, transmission or
re-transmission.</B></FONT></P>
</BODY>
</HTML>