svn commit: r47347 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/virtualization
Warren Block <[email protected]>
| Newsgroups | gmane.os.freebsd.devel.cvs.doc |
|---|---|
| Message-ID | <[email protected]> |
Author: wblock
Date: Wed Sep 2 22:25:41 2015
New Revision: 47347
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/47347
Log:
Whitespace-only fixes, translators please ignore.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/virtualization/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/virtualization/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/virtualization/chapter.xml Wed Sep 2 22:01:42 2015 (r47346)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/virtualization/chapter.xml Wed Sep 2 22:25:41 2015 (r47347)
@@ -96,678 +96,674 @@
</itemizedlist>
</sect1>
- <sect1 xml:id="virtualization-guest-parallels">
- <title>&os; as a Guest on <application>Parallels</application> for &macos; X</title>
+ <sect1 xml:id="virtualization-guest-parallels">
+ <title>&os; as a Guest on <application>Parallels</application> for
+ &macos; X</title>
+
+ <para><application>Parallels Desktop</application> for &mac; is
+ a commercial software product available for &intel; based
+ &apple; &mac; computers running &macos; 10.4.6 or higher. &os;
+ is a fully supported guest operating system. Once
+ <application>Parallels</application> has been installed on
+ &macos; X, the user must configure a virtual machine and then
+ install the desired guest operating system.</para>
+
+ <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-parallels-install">
+ <title>Installing &os; on Parallels/&macos; X</title>
+
+ <para>The first step in installing &os; on
+ <application>Parallels</application> is to create a new
+ virtual machine for installing &os;. Select
+ <guimenuitem>&os;</guimenuitem> as the
+ <guimenu>Guest OS Type</guimenu> when prompted:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd1"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Choose a reasonable amount of disk and memory
+ depending on the plans for this virtual &os; instance.
+ 4GB of disk space and 512MB of RAM work well for most uses
+ of &os; under <application>Parallels</application>:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd2"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd3"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd4"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd5"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Select the type of networking and a network
+ interface:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd6"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd7"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Save and finish the configuration:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd8"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd9"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>After the &os; virtual machine has been created, &os;
+ can be installed on it. This is best done with an official
+ &os; CD/DVD or with an ISO image downloaded from an official
+ FTP site. Copy the appropriate ISO image to the local &mac;
+ filesystem or insert a CD/DVD in the &mac;'s CD drive. Click
+ on the disc icon in the bottom right corner of the &os;
+ <application>Parallels</application> window. This will bring
+ up a window that can be used to associate the CDROM drive in
+ the virtual machine with the ISO file on disk or with the real
+ CDROM drive.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd11"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Once this association with the CDROM source has been
+ made, reboot the &os; virtual machine by clicking the reboot
+ icon. <application>Parallels</application> will reboot with a
+ special BIOS that first checks if there is a CDROM.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd10"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>In this case it will find the &os; installation media and
+ begin a normal &os; installation. Perform the installation,
+ but do not attempt to configure
+ <application>&xorg;</application> at this time.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd12"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>When the installation is finished, reboot into the newly
+ installed &os; virtual machine.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd13"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-parallels-configure">
+ <title>Configuring &os; on
+ <application>Parallels</application> </title>
+
+ <para>After &os; has been successfully installed on &macos; X
+ with <application>Parallels</application>, there are a number
+ of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the
+ system for virtualized operation.</para>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <step>
+ <title>Set Boot Loader Variables</title>
+
+ <para>The most important step is to reduce the
+ <option>kern.hz</option> tunable to reduce the CPU
+ utilization of &os; under the <application>Parallels
+ </application> environment. This is accomplished by
+ adding the following line to <filename>
+ /boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
+
+ <programlisting>kern.hz=100</programlisting>
+
+ <para>Without this setting, an idle &os;
+ <application>Parallels</application> guest will use
+ roughly 15% of the CPU of a single processor &imac;.
+ After this change the usage will be closer to 5%.</para>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <title>Create a New Kernel Configuration File</title>
+
+ <para>All of the SCSI, FireWire, and USB device drivers
+ can be removed from a custom kernel configuration file.
+ <application>Parallels</application> provides a virtual
+ network adapter used by the &man.ed.4; driver, so all
+ network devices except for &man.ed.4; and &man.miibus.4;
+ can be removed from the kernel.</para>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <title>Configure Networking</title>
+
+ <para>The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect
+ the virtual machine to the same local area network as the
+ host &mac;. This can be accomplished by adding
+ <literal>ifconfig_ed0="DHCP"</literal> to
+ <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. More advanced
+ networking setups are described in
+ <xref linkend="advanced-networking"/>.</para>
+ </step>
+ </procedure>
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualpc">
+ <title>&os; as a Guest on <application>Virtual PC</application>
+ for &windows;</title>
+
+ <para><application>Virtual PC</application> for &windows; is a
+ µsoft; software product available for free download. See
+ this website for the <link
+ xlink:href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/downloads/virtualpc/sysreq.mspx">system
+ requirements</link>. Once
+ <application>Virtual PC</application> has been installed on
+ µsoft.windows;, the user can configure a virtual machine
+ and then install the desired guest operating system.</para>
+
+ <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualpc-install">
+ <title>Installing &os; on <application>Virtual
+ PC</application></title>
+
+ <para>The first step in installing &os; on
+ <application>Virtual PC </application> is to create a new
+ virtual machine for installing &os;. Select
+ <guimenuitem>Create a virtual machine</guimenuitem> when
+ prompted:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd1"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd2"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Select <guimenuitem>Other</guimenuitem> as the
+ <guimenuitem>Operating system</guimenuitem> when
+ prompted:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd3"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Then, choose a reasonable amount of disk and memory
+ depending on the plans for this virtual &os; instance.
+ 4GB of disk space and 512MB of RAM work well for most uses
+ of &os; under <application>Virtual PC</application>:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd4"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd5"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Save and finish the configuration:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd6"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Select the &os; virtual machine and click
+ <guimenu>Settings</guimenu>, then set the type of networking
+ and a network interface:</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd7"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd8"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>After the &os; virtual machine has been created, &os; can
+ be installed on it. This is best done with an official &os;
+ CD/DVD or with an ISO image downloaded from an official FTP
+ site. Copy the appropriate ISO image to the local &windows;
+ filesystem or insert a CD/DVD in the CD drive, then double
+ click on the &os; virtual machine to boot. Then, click
+ <guimenu>CD</guimenu> and choose
+ <guimenu>Capture ISO Image...</guimenu> on the
+ <application>Virtual PC</application> window. This will bring
+ up a window where the CDROM drive in the virtual machine can
+ be associated with an ISO file on disk or with the real CDROM
+ drive.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd9"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd10"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>Once this association with the CDROM source has been made,
+ reboot the &os; virtual machine by clicking
+ <guimenu>Action</guimenu> and <guimenu>Reset</guimenu>.
+ <application>Virtual PC</application> will reboot with a
+ special BIOS that first checks for a CDROM.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd11"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>In this case it will find the &os; installation media
+ and begin a normal &os; installation. Continue with the
+ installation, but do not attempt to configure
+ <application>&xorg;</application> at this time.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd12"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+
+ <para>When the installation is finished, remember to eject the
+ CD/DVD or release the ISO image. Finally, reboot into
+ the newly installed &os; virtual machine.</para>
+
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd13"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualpc-configure">
+ <title>Configuring &os; on <application>Virtual
+ PC</application></title>
+
+ <para>After &os; has been successfully installed on
+ µsoft.windows; with <application>Virtual PC
+ </application>, there are a number of configuration
+ steps that can be taken to optimize the system for
+ virtualized operation.</para>
+
+ <procedure>
+ <step>
+ <title>Set Boot Loader Variables</title>
+
+ <para>The most important step is to reduce the
+ <option>kern.hz</option> tunable to reduce the CPU
+ utilization of &os; under the
+ <application>Virtual PC</application> environment. This
+ is accomplished by adding the following line to
+ <filename> /boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
+
+ <programlisting>kern.hz=100</programlisting>
+
+ <para>Without this setting, an idle &os;
+ <application>Virtual PC</application> guest OS will
+ use roughly 40% of the CPU of a single processor
+ computer. After this change, the usage will be
+ closer to 3%.</para>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <title>Create a New Kernel Configuration File</title>
+
+ <para>All of the SCSI, FireWire, and USB device drivers can
+ be removed from a custom kernel configuration file.
+ <application>Virtual PC</application> provides a virtual
+ network adapter used by the &man.de.4; driver, so all
+ network devices except for &man.de.4; and &man.miibus.4;
+ can be removed from the kernel.</para>
+ </step>
+
+ <step>
+ <title>Configure Networking</title>
- <para><application>Parallels Desktop</application> for &mac; is
- a commercial software product available for &intel; based
- &apple; &mac; computers running &macos; 10.4.6 or higher.
- &os; is a fully supported guest operating system. Once
- <application>Parallels</application> has been installed on
- &macos; X, the user must configure a virtual machine and then
- install the desired guest operating system.</para>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-parallels-install">
- <title>Installing &os; on Parallels/&macos; X</title>
-
- <para>The first step in installing &os; on
- <application>Parallels</application> is to create a new
- virtual machine for installing &os;. Select
- <guimenuitem>&os;</guimenuitem> as the <guimenu>Guest OS
- Type</guimenu> when prompted:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd1"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Choose a reasonable amount of disk and memory
- depending on the plans for this virtual &os; instance.
- 4GB of disk space and 512MB of RAM work well for most uses
- of &os; under <application>Parallels</application>:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd2"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd3"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd4"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd5"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Select the type of networking and a network
- interface:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd6"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd7"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Save and finish the configuration:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd8"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd9"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>After the &os; virtual machine has been created, &os;
- can be installed on it. This is best done with an
- official &os; CD/DVD or with an ISO image downloaded from an
- official FTP site. Copy the appropriate ISO image to the
- local &mac; filesystem or insert a CD/DVD in the &mac;'s CD
- drive. Click on the disc icon in the bottom right corner of
- the &os; <application>Parallels</application> window. This
- will bring up a window that can be used to associate the
- CDROM drive in the virtual machine with the ISO file on disk
- or with the real CDROM drive.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd11"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Once this association with the CDROM source has been
- made, reboot the &os; virtual machine by clicking the reboot
- icon. <application>Parallels</application> will reboot with
- a special BIOS that first checks if there is a CDROM.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd10"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>In this case it will find the &os; installation media
- and begin a normal &os; installation. Perform the
- installation, but do not attempt to configure
- <application>&xorg;</application> at this time.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd12"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>When the installation is finished, reboot into the
- newly installed &os; virtual machine.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/parallels-freebsd13"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-parallels-configure">
- <title>Configuring &os; on
- <application>Parallels</application> </title>
-
- <para>After &os; has been successfully installed on &macos;
- X with <application>Parallels</application>, there are a
- number of configuration steps that can be taken to
- optimize the system for virtualized operation.</para>
-
- <procedure>
- <step>
- <title>Set Boot Loader Variables</title>
-
- <para>The most important step is to reduce the
- <option>kern.hz</option> tunable to reduce the CPU
- utilization of &os; under the <application>Parallels
- </application> environment. This is accomplished by
- adding the following line to <filename>
- /boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
-
- <programlisting>kern.hz=100</programlisting>
-
- <para>Without this setting, an idle &os;
- <application>Parallels</application> guest will use
- roughly 15% of the CPU of a single processor &imac;.
- After this change the usage will be closer to 5%.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <title>Create a New Kernel Configuration File</title>
-
- <para>All of the SCSI, FireWire, and USB device drivers
- can be removed from a custom kernel configuration file.
- <application>Parallels</application> provides a virtual
- network adapter used by the &man.ed.4; driver, so all
- network devices except for &man.ed.4; and &man.miibus.4;
- can be removed from the kernel.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <title>Configure Networking</title>
-
- <para>The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect
- the virtual machine to the same local area network as
- the host &mac;. This can be accomplished by adding
- <literal>ifconfig_ed0="DHCP"</literal> to
- <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. More advanced
- networking setups are described in
- <xref linkend="advanced-networking"/>.</para>
- </step>
- </procedure>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualpc">
- <title>&os; as a Guest on <application>Virtual PC</application> for
- &windows;</title>
-
- <para><application>Virtual PC</application> for &windows; is a
- µsoft; software product available for free download. See
- this website for the <link
- xlink:href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/downloads/virtualpc/sysreq.mspx">system
- requirements</link>. Once <application>Virtual
- PC</application> has been installed on µsoft.windows;,
- the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the
- desired guest operating system.</para>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualpc-install">
- <title>Installing &os; on <application>Virtual
- PC</application></title>
-
- <para>The first step in installing &os; on
- <application>Virtual PC </application> is to create a new
- virtual machine for installing &os;. Select
- <guimenuitem>Create a virtual machine</guimenuitem> when
- prompted:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd1"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd2"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Select <guimenuitem>Other</guimenuitem> as the
- <guimenuitem>Operating system</guimenuitem> when
- prompted:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd3"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Then, choose a reasonable amount of disk and memory
- depending on the plans for this virtual &os; instance.
- 4GB of disk space and 512MB of RAM work well for most uses
- of &os; under <application>Virtual PC</application>:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd4"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd5"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Save and finish the configuration:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd6"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Select the &os; virtual machine and click
- <guimenu>Settings</guimenu>, then set the type of networking
- and a network interface:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd7"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd8"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>After the &os; virtual machine has been created, &os;
- can be installed on it. This is best done with an
- official &os; CD/DVD or with an ISO image downloaded from an
- official FTP site. Copy the appropriate ISO image to the
- local &windows; filesystem or insert a CD/DVD in the CD
- drive, then double click on the &os; virtual machine to
- boot. Then, click <guimenu>CD</guimenu> and choose
- <guimenu>Capture ISO Image...</guimenu> on the
- <application>Virtual PC</application> window. This will
- bring up a window where the CDROM drive in the virtual
- machine can be associated with an ISO file on disk or
- with the real CDROM drive.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd9"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd10"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Once this association with the CDROM source has been
- made, reboot the &os; virtual machine by clicking
- <guimenu>Action</guimenu> and <guimenu>Reset</guimenu>.
- <application>Virtual PC</application> will reboot with a
- special BIOS that first checks for a CDROM.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd11"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>In this case it will find the &os; installation media
- and begin a normal &os; installation. Continue with the
- installation, but do not attempt to configure
- <application>&xorg;</application> at this time.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd12"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>When the installation is finished, remember to eject
- the CD/DVD or release the ISO image. Finally, reboot into
- the newly installed &os; virtual machine.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/virtualpc-freebsd13"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualpc-configure">
- <title>Configuring &os; on <application>Virtual
- PC</application></title>
-
- <para>After &os; has been successfully installed on
- µsoft.windows; with <application>Virtual PC
- </application>, there are a number of configuration
- steps that can be taken to optimize the system for
- virtualized operation.</para>
-
- <procedure>
- <step>
- <title>Set Boot Loader Variables</title>
-
- <para>The most important step is to reduce the
- <option>kern.hz</option> tunable to reduce the CPU
- utilization of &os; under the <application>Virtual
- PC</application> environment. This is accomplished
- by adding the following line to
- <filename> /boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
-
- <programlisting>kern.hz=100</programlisting>
-
- <para>Without this setting, an idle &os;
- <application>Virtual PC</application> guest OS will
- use roughly 40% of the CPU of a single processor
- computer. After this change, the usage will be
- closer to 3%.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <title>Create a New Kernel Configuration File</title>
-
- <para>All of the SCSI, FireWire, and USB device drivers
- can be removed from a custom kernel configuration file.
- <application>Virtual PC</application> provides a virtual
- network adapter used by the &man.de.4; driver, so all
- network devices except for &man.de.4; and &man.miibus.4;
- can be removed from the kernel.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <title>Configure Networking</title>
-
- <para>The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect
- the virtual machine to the same local area network as
- the µsoft.windows; host. This can be accomplished
- by adding <literal>ifconfig_de0="DHCP"</literal> to
- <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. More advanced
- networking setups are described in
- <xref linkend="advanced-networking"/>.</para>
- </step>
- </procedure>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 xml:id="virtualization-guest-vmware">
- <title>&os; as a Guest on <application>VMware Fusion</application> for
- &macos;</title>
-
- <para><application>VMware Fusion</application> for &mac; is a
- commercial software product available for &intel; based
- &apple; &mac; computers running &macos; 10.4.9 or higher.
- &os; is a fully supported guest operating system. Once
- <application>VMware Fusion</application> has been
- installed on &macos; X, the user can configure a virtual
- machine and then install the desired guest operating
- system.</para>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-vmware-install">
- <title>Installing &os; on <application>VMware
- Fusion</application></title>
-
- <para>The first step is to start <application>VMware
- Fusion</application> which will load the Virtual
- Machine Library. Click <guimenuitem>New</guimenuitem> to
- create the virtual machine:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd01"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>This will load the New Virtual Machine Assistant. Click
- <guimenuitem>Continue</guimenuitem> to proceed:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd02"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Select <guimenuitem>Other</guimenuitem> as the
- <guimenuitem>Operating System</guimenuitem> and either
- <guimenuitem>&os;</guimenuitem> or
- <guimenuitem>&os; 64-bit</guimenuitem>, as the
- <guimenu>Version</guimenu> when prompted:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd03"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Choose the name of the virtual machine and the directory
- where it should be saved:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd04"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Choose the size of the Virtual Hard Disk for the virtual
- machine:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd05"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Choose the method to install the virtual machine,
- either from an ISO image or from a CD/DVD:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd06"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Click <guimenuitem>Finish</guimenuitem> and the virtual
- machine will boot:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd07"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Install &os; as usual:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd08"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>Once the install is complete, the settings
- of the virtual machine can be modified, such as memory
- usage:</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>The System Hardware settings of the virtual machine
- cannot be modified while the virtual machine is
- running.</para>
- </note>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd09"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>The number of CPUs the virtual machine will have access
- to:</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd10"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>The status of the CDROM device. Normally the
- CD/DVD/ISO is disconnected from the virtual machine when it
- is no longer needed.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd11"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>The last thing to change is how the virtual machine will
- connect to the network. To allow connections to the virtual
- machine from other machines besides the host, choose
- <guimenuitem>Connect directly to the physical network
- (Bridged)</guimenuitem>. Otherwise, <guimenuitem>Share the
- host's internet connection (NAT)</guimenuitem> is
- preferred so that the virtual machine can have access to the
- Internet, but the network cannot access the virtual
- machine.</para>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="virtualization/vmware-freebsd12"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>After modifying the settings, boot the newly installed
- &os; virtual machine.</para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="virtualization-guest-vmware-configure">
- <title>Configuring &os; on <application>VMware
- Fusion</application></title>
-
- <para>After &os; has been successfully installed on &macos; X
- with <application>VMware Fusion</application>, there are a
- number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize
- the system for virtualized operation.</para>
-
- <procedure>
- <step>
- <title>Set Boot Loader Variables</title>
-
- <para>The most important step is to reduce the
- <option>kern.hz</option> tunable to reduce the CPU
- utilization of &os; under the
- <application>VMware Fusion</application> environment.
- This is accomplished by adding the following line to
- <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
-
- <programlisting>kern.hz=100</programlisting>
-
- <para>Without this setting, an idle &os;
- <application>VMware Fusion</application> guest will use
- roughly 15% of the CPU of a single processor &imac;.
- After this change, the usage will be closer to
- 5%.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <title>Create a New Kernel Configuration File</title>
-
- <para>All of the FireWire, and USB device drivers can be
- removed from a custom kernel configuration file.
- <application>VMware Fusion</application> provides a
- virtual network adapter used by the &man.em.4; driver,
- so all network devices except for &man.em.4; can be
- removed from the kernel.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <title>Configure Networking</title>
-
- <para>The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect
- the virtual machine to the same local area network as
- the host &mac;. This can be accomplished by adding
- <literal>ifconfig_em0="DHCP"</literal> to
- <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>. More advanced
- networking setups are described in
- <xref linkend="advanced-networking"/>.</para>
- </step>
- </procedure>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 xml:id="virtualization-guest-virtualbox-guest-additions">
- <title>&virtualbox; Guest Additions on a &os; Guest</title>
-
- <para>&os; works well as a guest in
- <application>&virtualbox;</application>. The virtualization
- software is available for most common operating systems,
- including &os; itself.</para>
-
- <para>The <application>&virtualbox;</application> guest
- additions provide support for:</para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Clipboard sharing.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Mouse pointer integration.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Host time synchronization.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Window scaling.</para>
- </listitem>
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