git: b50decfb86 - main - Update virtualization chapter
Sergio Carlavilla Delgado <[email protected]>
| Newsgroups | gmane.os.freebsd.devel.cvs.doc |
|---|---|
| Message-ID | <[email protected]> |
The branch main has been updated by carlavilla: URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=b50decfb86295ab97227274eae771275af801951 commit b50decfb86295ab97227274eae771275af801951 Author: Minsoo Choo <fel1x.mintchoco.development_gmail.com> AuthorDate: 2021-11-21 11:27:53 +0000 Commit: Sergio Carlavilla Delgado <[email protected]> CommitDate: 2021-11-21 11:27:53 +0000 Update virtualization chapter * Delete Virtual PC. Windows 7 reached EoL in January 14, 2020. And Microsoft removed Virtual PC to download from their webpage. * Update VMware Fusion section. Reviewed by: @ygy, @carlavilla Approved by: @carlavilla Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D30145 --- documentation/.hugo_build.lock | 0 .../en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc | 184 +++++++-------------- .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd01.png | Bin 47523 -> 429432 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd02.png | Bin 106943 -> 385588 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd03.png | Bin 83909 -> 462872 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd04.png | Bin 85009 -> 374030 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd05.png | Bin 90391 -> 402799 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd06.png | Bin 104721 -> 416184 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd07.png | Bin 37324 -> 562446 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd08.png | Bin 34080 -> 530694 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd09.png | Bin 97054 -> 215816 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd10.png | Bin 93968 -> 781356 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd11.png | Bin 95234 -> 498163 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd12.png | Bin 96489 -> 312370 bytes .../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd13.png | Bin 0 -> 400805 bytes 15 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 128 deletions(-) diff --git a/documentation/.hugo_build.lock b/documentation/.hugo_build.lock new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e69de29bb2 diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc index 683b917b02..dd8c97b7ba 100644 --- a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc +++ b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc @@ -54,9 +54,11 @@ Such software systems for PCs often involve a host operating system which runs t After reading this chapter, you will know: * The difference between a host operating system and a guest operating system. -* How to install FreeBSD on an Intel(R)-based Apple(R) Mac(R) computer. -* How to install FreeBSD on Microsoft(R) Windows(R) with Virtual PC. -* How to install FreeBSD as a guest in bhyve. +* How to install FreeBSD on the following virtualization platforms: +** Parallels Desktop(Intel(R)-based Apple(R) macOS(R)) +** VMware Fusion(Intel(R)-based Apple(R) macOS(R)) +** VirtualBox(TM)(Microsoft(R) Windows(R), Intel(R)-based Apple(R) macOS(R), Linux) +** bhyve(FreeBSD) * How to tune a FreeBSD system for best performance under virtualization. Before reading this chapter, you should: @@ -66,15 +68,15 @@ Before reading this chapter, you should: * Know how to crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,set up a network connection]. * Know how to crossref:ports[ports,install additional third-party software]. -[[virtualization-guest-parallels]] -== FreeBSD as a Guest on Parallels for Mac OS(R) X +[[virtualization-guest-parallelsdesktop]] +== FreeBSD as a Guest on Parallels Desktop for macOS(R) -Parallels Desktop for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running Mac OS(R) 10.4.6 or higher. +Parallels Desktop for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running macOS(R) 10.4.6 or higher. FreeBSD is a fully supported guest operating system. -Once Parallels has been installed on Mac OS(R) X, the user must configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system. +Once Parallels has been installed on macOS(R), the user must configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system. -[[virtualization-guest-parallels-install]] -=== Installing FreeBSD on Parallels/Mac OS(R) X +[[virtualization-guest-parallelsdesktop-install]] +=== Installing FreeBSD on Parallels Desktop on Mac(R) The first step in installing FreeBSD on Parallels is to create a new virtual machine for installing FreeBSD. Select [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD# as the menu:Guest OS Type[] when prompted: @@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ image::parallels-freebsd13.png[] [[virtualization-guest-parallels-configure]] === Configuring FreeBSD on Parallels -After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on Mac OS(R) X with Parallels, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation. +After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on macOS(R) X with Parallels, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation. [.procedure] . Set Boot Loader Variables @@ -154,171 +156,88 @@ The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect the virtual machine to the This can be accomplished by adding `ifconfig_ed0="DHCP"` to [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. More advanced networking setups are described in crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,Advanced Networking]. -[[virtualization-guest-virtualpc]] -== FreeBSD as a Guest on Virtual PC for Windows(R) - -Virtual PC for Windows(R) is a Microsoft(R) software product available for free download. -See this website for the http://www.microsoft.com/windows/downloads/virtualpc/sysreq.mspx[system requirements]. -Once Virtual PC has been installed on Microsoft(R) Windows(R), the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system. - -[[virtualization-guest-virtualpc-install]] -=== Installing FreeBSD on Virtual PC - -The first step in installing FreeBSD on Virtual PC is to create a new virtual machine for installing FreeBSD. -Select [.guimenuitem]#Create a virtual machine# when prompted: - -image::virtualpc-freebsd1.png[] - -image::virtualpc-freebsd2.png[] - -Select [.guimenuitem]#Other# as the [.guimenuitem]#Operating system# when prompted: - -image::virtualpc-freebsd3.png[] - -Then, choose a reasonable amount of disk and memory depending on the plans for this virtual FreeBSD instance. -4GB of disk space and 512MB of RAM work well for most uses of FreeBSD under Virtual PC: - -image::virtualpc-freebsd4.png[] - -image::virtualpc-freebsd5.png[] - -Save and finish the configuration: - -image::virtualpc-freebsd6.png[] - -Select the FreeBSD virtual machine and click menu:Settings[], then set the type of networking and a network interface: - -image::virtualpc-freebsd7.png[] - -image::virtualpc-freebsd8.png[] - -After the FreeBSD virtual machine has been created, FreeBSD can be installed on it. -This is best done with an official FreeBSD CD/DVD or with an ISO image downloaded from an official FTP site. -Copy the appropriate ISO image to the local Windows(R) filesystem or insert a CD/DVD in the CD drive, then double click on the FreeBSD virtual machine to boot. -Then, click menu:CD[] and choose menu:Capture ISO Image...[] on the Virtual PC window. -This will bring up a window where the CD-ROM drive in the virtual machine can be associated with an ISO file on disk or with the real CD-ROM drive. - -image::virtualpc-freebsd9.png[] - -image::virtualpc-freebsd10.png[] - -Once this association with the CD-ROM source has been made, reboot the FreeBSD virtual machine by clicking menu:Action[] and menu:Reset[]. -Virtual PC will reboot with a special BIOS that first checks for a CD-ROM. - -image::virtualpc-freebsd11.png[] - -In this case it will find the FreeBSD installation media and begin a normal FreeBSD installation. -Continue with the installation, but do not attempt to configure Xorg at this time. - -image::virtualpc-freebsd12.png[] - -When the installation is finished, remember to eject the CD/DVD or release the ISO image. -Finally, reboot into the newly installed FreeBSD virtual machine. - -image::virtualpc-freebsd13.png[] - -[[virtualization-guest-virtualpc-configure]] -=== Configuring FreeBSD on Virtual PC - -After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on Microsoft(R) Windows(R) with Virtual PC, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation. - -[.procedure] -. Set Boot Loader Variables -+ -The most important step is to reduce the `kern.hz` tunable to reduce the CPU utilization of FreeBSD under the Virtual PC environment. -This is accomplished by adding the following line to [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#: -+ -[.programlisting] -.... -kern.hz=100 -.... -+ -Without this setting, an idle FreeBSD Virtual PC guest OS will use roughly 40% of the CPU of a single processor computer. -After this change, the usage will be closer to 3%. -. Create a New Kernel Configuration File -+ -All of the SCSI, FireWire, and USB device drivers can be removed from a custom kernel configuration file. -Virtual PC provides a virtual network adapter used by the man:de[4] driver, so all network devices except for man:de[4] and man:miibus[4] can be removed from the kernel. -. Configure Networking -+ -The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect the virtual machine to the same local area network as the Microsoft(R) Windows(R) host. -This can be accomplished by adding `ifconfig_de0="DHCP"` to [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. -More advanced networking setups are described in crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,Advanced Networking]. - [[virtualization-guest-vmware]] -== FreeBSD as a Guest on VMware Fusion for Mac OS(R) +== FreeBSD as a Guest on VMware Fusion for macOS(R) -VMware Fusion for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running Mac OS(R) 10.4.9 or higher. +VMware Fusion for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running macOS(R) 10.11 or higher. FreeBSD is a fully supported guest operating system. -Once VMware Fusion has been installed on Mac OS(R) X, the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system. +Once VMware Fusion has been installed on macOS(R), the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system. [[virtualization-guest-vmware-install]] === Installing FreeBSD on VMware Fusion The first step is to start VMware Fusion which will load the Virtual Machine Library. -Click [.guimenuitem]#New# to create the virtual machine: +Click [.guimenuitem]#+->New# to create the virtual machine: -image::vmware-freebsd01.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd01.png[width=35%] This will load the New Virtual Machine Assistant. -Click [.guimenuitem]#Continue# to proceed: +Choose [.guimenuitem]#Create a custom virtual machine# and click [.guimenuitem]#Continue# to proceed: + +image::vmware-freebsd02.png[width=45%] + +Select [.guimenuitem]#Other# as the [.guimenuitem]#Operating System# and either [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD X# or [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD X 64-bit#, as the menu:Version[] when prompted: + +image::vmware-freebsd03.png[width=45%] -image::vmware-freebsd02.png[] +Choose the firmware(UEFI is recommended): -Select [.guimenuitem]#Other# as the [.guimenuitem]#Operating System# and either [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD# or [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD 64-bit#, as the menu:Version[] when prompted: +image::vmware-freebsd04.png[width=45%] -image::vmware-freebsd03.png[] +Choose [.guimenuitem]#Create a new virtual disk# and click [.guimenuitem]#Continue#: + +image::vmware-freebsd05.png[width=45%] + +Check the configuration and click [.guimenuitem]#Finish#: + +image::vmware-freebsd06.png[width=45%] Choose the name of the virtual machine and the directory where it should be saved: -image::vmware-freebsd04.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd07.png[width=45%] -Choose the size of the Virtual Hard Disk for the virtual machine: +Press command+E to open virtual machine settings and click [.guimenuitem]#CD/DVD#: -image::vmware-freebsd05.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd08.png[width=45%] -Choose the method to install the virtual machine, either from an ISO image or from a CD/DVD: +Choose FreeBSD ISO image or from a CD/DVD: -image::vmware-freebsd06.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd09.png[width=45%] -Click [.guimenuitem]#Finish# and the virtual machine will boot: +Start the virtual machine: -image::vmware-freebsd07.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd10.png[width=25%] Install FreeBSD as usual: -image::vmware-freebsd08.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd11.png[width=25%] -Once the install is complete, the settings of the virtual machine can be modified, such as memory usage: +Once the install is complete, the settings of the virtual machine can be modified, such as memory usage and the number of CPUs the virtual machine will have access to: [NOTE] ==== The System Hardware settings of the virtual machine cannot be modified while the virtual machine is running. ==== -image::vmware-freebsd09.png[] - -The number of CPUs the virtual machine will have access to: - -image::vmware-freebsd10.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd12.png[width=45%] The status of the CD-ROM device. Normally the CD/DVD/ISO is disconnected from the virtual machine when it is no longer needed. -image::vmware-freebsd11.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd09.png[width=45%] The last thing to change is how the virtual machine will connect to the network. To allow connections to the virtual machine from other machines besides the host, choose [.guimenuitem]#Connect directly to the physical network (Bridged)#. Otherwise, [.guimenuitem]#Share the host's internet connection (NAT)# is preferred so that the virtual machine can have access to the Internet, but the network cannot access the virtual machine. -image::vmware-freebsd12.png[] +image::vmware-freebsd13.png[width=45%] After modifying the settings, boot the newly installed FreeBSD virtual machine. [[virtualization-guest-vmware-configure]] === Configuring FreeBSD on VMware Fusion -After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on Mac OS(R) X with VMware Fusion, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation. +After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on macOS(R) X with VMware Fusion, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation. [.procedure] . Set Boot Loader Variables @@ -342,6 +261,15 @@ VMware Fusion provides a virtual network adapter used by the man:em[4] driver, s The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect the virtual machine to the same local area network as the host Mac(R). This can be accomplished by adding `ifconfig_em0="DHCP"` to [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. More advanced networking setups are described in crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,Advanced Networking]. ++ +. Install drivers and open-vm-tools ++ +To run FreeBSD smoothly on VMWare, drivers should be installed: ++ +[source,shell] +.... +# pkg install xf86-video-vmware xf86-input-vmmouse open-vm-tools +.... [[virtualization-guest-virtualbox]] == FreeBSD as a Guest on VirtualBox(TM) @@ -466,7 +394,7 @@ Mount the shared folder from within the guest system like this: [[virtualization-host-virtualbox]] == FreeBSD as a Host with VirtualBox(TM) -VirtualBox(TM) is an actively developed, complete virtualization package, that is available for most operating systems including Windows(R), Mac OS(R), Linux(R) and FreeBSD. +VirtualBox(TM) is an actively developed, complete virtualization package, that is available for most operating systems including Windows(R), macOS(R), Linux(R) and FreeBSD. It is equally capable of running Windows(R) or UNIX(R)-like guests. It is released as open source software, but with closed-source components available in a separate extension pack. 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