Re: Democratic Socialists Further Advance

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*The Test and Its Examiner*

The August primaries and the report card genre

Anthony P. Teso-July 26-2026

*I.*

The dispatch opens with a spectre and closes with an examination. Paul Garv=
er, reporting the advance of the Democratic Socialists of America to a Brit=
ish readership, borrows the opening of the Manifesto for his lede and the i=
diom of the schoolroom for his close. [1] ( #_ftn1 ) Three Democratic prima=
ries in the first half of August will show how deep the socialist challenge=
 runs: Cori Bush against an AIPAC-backed incumbent in St. Louis, Abdul El-S=
ayed for the United States Senate in Michigan, Francesca Hong for governor =
of Wisconsin. Two wins out of three, we are told, and the prospects of the =
democratic socialist party are bright.

I write before the returns are in, and deliberately so. Whatever happens in=
 August, the results will be read as an answer. If Bush, El-Sayed, and Hong=
 win, the mass politics caucuses will read a mandate for deeper entrenchmen=
t in the Democratic Party. If they lose, James Carville and Jaime Harrison =
will read the ceiling of socialist electability, and the expulsion of the l=
eft from the big tent will proceed with the returns as its warrant. Both re=
adings accept the same premise: that a Democratic primary is an instrument =
capable of measuring the strength of socialism in the United States. It is =
the premise, not the prediction, that deserves examination. A test administ=
ered inside the candidate selection machinery of the Democratic Party measu=
res one thing with precision: fitness for that machinery. Everything else i=
t registers as noise.

Garver=E2=80=99s dispatch deserves attention not because it is bad but beca=
use it is exemplary. It belongs to a genre: the sympathetic external progre=
ss report, written for readers abroad, narrating socialist advance in the p=
assive voice of the election calendar. Victories arrive. Alarm bells sound.=
 Races will be watched. Agency belongs to candidates and to panic; the orga=
nization appears chiefly as canvassing capacity attached to campaigns. The =
genre has a method, and the method has a politics.

The dispatch draws the Labour parallel itself, and draws it correctly, at t=
he level of triangulation and its decay. Since the Clinton and Blair era th=
e center left has chased the mythical median voter while its traditional co=
nstituencies stopped voting, and the resulting vacuum is the space into whi=
ch a forthright class politics can now step. All true. But the parallel car=
ries a warning the genre cannot register. The last time a mass social democ=
ratic membership surged into an electoral vehicle it did not control, the v=
ehicle=E2=80=99s permanent apparatus absorbed the shock, waited out the sur=
ge, and expelled it. The report card genre could not see that coming in Bri=
tain because the report card genre measures what the vehicle measures. It i=
s measuring the same things now.

*II.*

Begin with what the apparatus actually produces. Garver reports that Melet =
Kiros=E2=80=99s June victory in Denver rested on some one hundred thousand =
door knocks and half a million phone contacts, much of the operation organi=
zed by a chapter far smaller than New York=E2=80=99s. This is a real organi=
zational feat, and it would be sectarian foolishness to sneer at it. People=
 who have cut turf, run a phonebank, and held a canvass launch in the rain =
have learned something, and what they have learned is not nothing.

But the dispatch goes further. The canvassing operations, Garver writes, ar=
e =E2=80=9Ceducating many participants and enriching DSA cadre ranks.=E2=80=
=9D [2] ( #_ftn2 ) Here the genre performs its characteristic elision. Cadr=
e is a relational term. One is a cadre of something: of an organization wit=
h a program, a discipline, and a strategic horizon that exceeds the current=
 campaign. The canvass educates its participants in the technics of Democra=
tic primary mobilization: the voter file, the turf cut, the script, the get=
-out-the-vote cascade. These are real skills and they are portable. The que=
stion is what they are portable to. An organization that forms its members =
through the Democratic primary calendar, measures its growth in primary mar=
gins, and celebrates its advance in the currency of primary wins is forming=
 cadres of the primary. Whether it is forming cadres of socialism is exactl=
y what cannot be settled by pointing at the door count.

Hal Draper spent two decades insisting on this distinction. The alternative=
 to the micro-sect, he argued, was never the existing reformist apparatus; =
it was a political center organized around a program, whose cadres are form=
ed in struggles the program illuminates, and whose elected representatives,=
 if it has any, answer to the center rather than the reverse. [3] ( #_ftn3 =
) I have argued elsewhere that the 2026 congressional sweep poses the accou=
ntability question in its sharpest form, and I will not repeat the argument=
 here. [4] ( #_ftn4 ) The narrower point is this: the dispatch treats cadre=
 formation as an automatic byproduct of canvass volume. It is not a byprodu=
ct. It is the contested thing itself.

The dispatch concedes the composition problem in a single paragraph and lea=
ves it where it found it. DSA=E2=80=99s membership is young, degreed, and m=
etropolitan, concentrated in health, education, information technology, and=
 public service; recent immigrants are well represented among its elected o=
fficials, African Americans far less so in its ranks. For the genre this is=
 a demographic blemish on an ascending curve. For a materialist it is the s=
ocial base of the electoral turn itself. The milieus DSA organizes are the =
milieus in which the technics of primary mobilization are a native competen=
ce. This is not an accusation. Composition is a starting point and not a ve=
rdict, and the sneer about downwardly mobile graduates explains nothing. Bu=
t a composition is a constraint on a strategy. An organization rooted in th=
ese strata can win primaries where these strata are dense, which is to say =
in exactly the districts it has been winning. Whether it can become the pol=
itical expression of a class whose largest battalions it barely touches is =
a different question, and it is not answered by winning more of the same pr=
imaries. The dispatch=E2=80=99s own list of harder tests, Missouri, Michiga=
n, Wisconsin, concedes the point without stating it.

*III.*

Consider next what the program reveals when the enemy reads it aloud. Garve=
r reports, with justified amusement, that Speaker Mike Johnson staged a hus=
hed reading of a leaked and unfinished draft of the Workers Deserve More 20=
26 program on Instagram, itemizing its horrors: abolition of the Electoral =
College, ranked choice voting, limits on the power of billionaires to buy e=
lections. The comedy is that Johnson=E2=80=99s followers discovered in his =
comment section how much they already agreed, and the organization=E2=80=99=
s communications staff now plans to convert the Speaker=E2=80=99s post into=
 a recruitment funnel.

The comedy deserves a second look. Note what the program=E2=80=99s enemies =
found legible in it. Not the wage floor. Not the strike. Not one demand tha=
t names capital as an antagonist. The planks that surfaced when hostile han=
ds squeezed the document were the planks of procedural republicanism: elect=
ion mechanics, campaign finance, the machinery of representation. These are=
 defensible demands. They are also demands on which a MAGA Instagram commen=
ter can find common ground, and that is the tell. A program whose most publ=
icity-ready content locates consensus has not yet located an antagonism. I =
have made the longer argument elsewhere: the program=E2=80=99s threshold de=
mands float free of any specified class antagonist, and a threshold in sear=
ch of its antagonism will find, in the Democratic primary electorate, only =
a coalition. [5] ( #_ftn5 ) Johnson=E2=80=99s reading confirms the argument=
 from an unexpected quarter. The enemy performed the extraction test, and w=
hat precipitated out was not socialism.

*IV.*

Now the map. The dispatch divides DSA=E2=80=99s internal life into two posi=
tions. On one side the mass politics caucuses, Groundwork and Socialist Maj=
ority, running the canvasses, winning the primaries, exploring a draft camp=
aign to put Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez in the 2028 presidential field. On the=
 other, ultra-left caucuses jeering from the margins, dreaming of a pristin=
e communist party unstained by Democratic ballot lines, whose latest attemp=
t to censure Ocasio-Cortez over Palestine fell flat. Between these two posi=
tions the dispatch recognizes nothing.

The map misdescribes even the terrain it covers. Garver presents the nation=
al organization=E2=80=99s three month consultation on 2028 strategy as a we=
lcome democratic advance. The consultation is in fact the residue of a figh=
t the dispatch does not report. The 2025 convention=E2=80=99s Resolution 33=
 instructed the organization to build a left labor coalition to recruit and=
 run a socialist for president. [6] ( #_ftn6 ) When the machinery it create=
d met this July, the National Political Committee voted fourteen to thirtee=
n to reject an all member poll on the presidential endorsement, parking the=
 decision at the August 2027 convention. [7] ( #_ftn7 ) The co-chair of the=
 New York City chapter, the organization=E2=80=99s largest and its largest =
funder, publicly accused the national leadership of overturning the convent=
ion and stripping members of their vote. [8] ( #_ftn8 ) Red Star published =
conditions under which an endorsement might be reconsidered; New York=E2=80=
=99s leadership moved to withdraw the endorsement request rather than see i=
t conditioned. [9] ( #_ftn9 ) The genteel word consultation launders a knif=
e fight over the only question that matters: whether the organization endor=
ses candidates or candidates annex the organization.

The map also misdescribes its own examples. The dispatch lists Brad Lander =
among the insurgent congressional candidates endorsed by the New York City =
DSA canvass. NYC-DSA did not endorse Lander. [10] ( #_ftn10 ) He was endors=
ed by Mamdani, ran on the Mamdani slate, and had in fact left DSA after thr=
ee decades of membership, denouncing the chapter=E2=80=99s conduct after Oc=
tober 7. [11] ( #_ftn11 ) The error is small and it is not innocent; it is =
the genre=E2=80=99s method in miniature. The dispatch cannot distinguish th=
e DSA from the Mamdani coalition because its criterion of advance, the prim=
ary win, does not distinguish them. Whatever wins a Democratic primary in N=
ew York in 2026 counts, for the genre, as the advance of democratic sociali=
sm. A category that cannot exclude Brad Lander is not a category. It is a m=
ood.

And the map erases a position. There is a critique of the mass politics lin=
e that owes nothing to the dream of the pristine party. It is the position =
Draper actually held: against the micro-sect and its purity, against the re=
formist apparatus and its power of absorption, for a political center organ=
ized around a program, accumulating forces in the movements and the unions,=
 contesting elections when and only when it can do so under its own discipl=
ine and its own name. From this position the failed censure refutes nothing=
, because the question was never Ocasio-Cortez=E2=80=99s fervor and always =
her accountability, and a censure vote is not an accountability structure. =
It is what an organization reaches for when it has none. The fourteen to th=
irteen vote, the two million dollars in annual dues, the endorsement reques=
t withdrawn rather than conditioned: these are the vital signs of an organi=
zation whose elected officials have become its principals rather than its a=
gents. The ultra-left caucuses did not create that condition, and their exp=
ulsion would not cure it.

*V.*

What would an actual test look like? Not a margin. A criterion.

First: does the organization possess the capacity to instruct its elected o=
fficials, to discipline them, and in the limit to break with them publicly,=
 at a cost it can bear and they cannot? The 2026 sweep multiplies the offic=
ials. It does not multiply the capacity. Every primary victory adds weight =
to the elected side of the scale. An organization that could not condition =
an endorsement in July will not condition a presidential campaign in 2028.

Second: does the program name an antagonist? A threshold without an enemy i=
s a petition. The August candidates will run, honorably, on the threshold. =
The test of the program is not whether it polls but whether it divides, and=
 whether the division it draws runs along the line of class or along the li=
ne of the primary electorate.

Third: who writes the exam? A Democratic primary is administered by the Dem=
ocratic Party: its ballot access, its electorate, its calendar, its money, =
its media environment. To enter the examination room is to accept the exami=
ner=E2=80=99s definition of passing. This is no argument for abstention; Dr=
aper was not an abstentionist and neither am I. It is an argument about wha=
t the grade can mean. Fitness for the machinery is a fact about the machine=
ry.

The consultation now underway is where the criterion will or will not be bu=
ilt. Resolution 33 imagined a left labor coalition recruiting a candidate; =
the process as it now runs is a candidate recruiting a coalition. A preside=
ntial endorsement conducted on the candidate=E2=80=99s timetable, under the=
 candidate=E2=80=99s conditions, with the membership polled for enthusiasm =
rather than convened for decision, would complete the inversion: the politi=
cal center as audience. That outcome is not fated. It is being fought over =
now, fourteen to thirteen, which is one reason the August report cards, wha=
tever they say, will be beside the point. The organization=E2=80=99s decisi=
ve election this year is internal, and no one is canvassing for it.

The returns will come in August and they will be loud. Bush may win or lose=
 in St. Louis; El-Sayed holds a narrow polling lead in Michigan; Wisconsin =
is harder ground still. Every outcome will be read aloud as an answer, in G=
arver=E2=80=99s register by the friends of the project and in Carville=E2=
=80=99s by its enemies. The criterion will stay silent, because the criteri=
on was never on the ballot. Whatever the margins, the organization that wak=
es on the morning after will have the same unbuilt accountability structure=
s, the same program in search of its antagonism, the same fourteen to thirt=
een leadership, and the same choice it faced the morning before: become the=
 political center of a class, or remain the canvassing auxiliary of a coali=
tion. The primaries cannot make that choice. They can only postpone it, one=
 election at a time, and call the postponement a test.

Everyone will watch the grade. Nobody is asking who wrote the exam.

[1] ( #_ftnref1 ) Paul Garver, =E2=80=9CDemocratic socialists further advan=
ce,=E2=80=9D 21 July 2026. [Venue to confirm in accuracy pass; the Labour P=
arty framing suggests Labour Hub.]

[2] ( #_ftnref2 ) Garver, =E2=80=9CDemocratic socialists further advance.=
=E2=80=9D

[3] ( #_ftnref3 ) Hal Draper, =E2=80=9CToward a New Beginning: On Another R=
oad. The Alternative to the Micro-Sect=E2=80=9D (1971); Hal Draper, =E2=80=
=9CAnatomy of the Micro-Sect=E2=80=9D (1973). Both available at the Marxist=
s Internet Archive.

[4] ( #_ftnref4 ) Anthony P. Teso, =E2=80=9CThe Apparatus and Its Disciplin=
e.=E2=80=9D [Publication details to supply.]

[5] ( #_ftnref5 ) Anthony P. Teso, =E2=80=9CA Threshold in Search of Its An=
tagonism.=E2=80=9D [Publication details to supply.]

[6] ( #_ftnref6 ) Democratic Socialists of America, 2025 National Conventio=
n, Resolution 33, =E2=80=9CUnite Labor and the Left to Run a Socialist for =
President and Build the Party,=E2=80=9D as described in =E2=80=9CDSA Debate=
s How to Debate AOC Presidential Endorsement,=E2=80=9D City & State New Yor=
k, July 2026.

[7] ( #_ftnref7 ) =E2=80=9CDSA Debates How to Debate AOC Presidential Endor=
sement,=E2=80=9D City & State New York, July 2026. [Confirm meeting date an=
d vote tally against primary sources in accuracy pass.]

[8] ( #_ftnref8 ) Gustavo Gordillo, post on X, July 2026, as quoted in cont=
emporaneous press accounts. [Locate the primary post in accuracy pass.]

[9] ( #_ftnref9 ) Red Star Caucus, =E2=80=9CStatement on the Controversy Su=
rrounding the 2028 Presidential Endorsement Process,=E2=80=9D July 2026, re=
dstarcaucus.org.

[10] ( #_ftnref10 ) =E2=80=9CDSA-Backed Candidates Win Numerous NYC Races o=
n Primary Night,=E2=80=9D NY1, 24 June 2026; =E2=80=9CHere Are the Democrat=
ic Socialist Candidates Facing Off Against Progressives in New York House P=
rimaries,=E2=80=9D The Hill, 23 June 2026.

[11] ( #_ftnref11 ) =E2=80=9CLander Says He=E2=80=99s Not Endorsing Congres=
sional Candidate with Whom He Put Out an Ad,=E2=80=9D Jewish Insider, 10 Ju=
ne 2026.

--
Tony


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<div>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 4.0pt; text-align: c=
enter;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><strong><span style=3D"font-=
size: 16.0pt;">The Test and Its Examiner</span></strong></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 4.0pt; text-align: c=
enter;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><em>The August primaries and=
 the report card genre</em></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: =
center;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;">Anthony P. Teso-July 26-202=
6</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"text-align: center; line-height: 15=
0%; margin: 12.0pt 0in 9.0pt 0in;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><=
strong>I.</strong></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The dispatch opens with a =
spectre and closes with an examination. Paul Garver, reporting the advance =
of the Democratic Socialists of America to a British readership, borrows th=
e opening of the Manifesto for his lede and the idiom of the schoolroom for=
 his close.<a href=3D"#_ftn1" name=3D"_ftnref1" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: f=
tn1;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-sp=
ecial-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"Ms=
oFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Tim=
es New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;=
; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language:=
 AR-SA;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Three Democratic=
 primaries in the first half of August will show how deep the socialist cha=
llenge runs: Cori Bush against an AIPAC-backed incumbent in St. Louis, Abdu=
l El-Sayed for the United States Senate in Michigan, Francesca Hong for gov=
ernor of Wisconsin. Two wins out of three, we are told, and the prospects o=
f the democratic socialist party are bright.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">I write before the returns=
 are in, and deliberately so. Whatever happens in August, the results will =
be read as an answer. If Bush, El-Sayed, and Hong win, the mass politics ca=
ucuses will read a mandate for deeper entrenchment in the Democratic Party.=
 If they lose, James Carville and Jaime Harrison will read the ceiling of s=
ocialist electability, and the expulsion of the left from the big tent will=
 proceed with the returns as its warrant. Both readings accept the same pre=
mise: that a Democratic primary is an instrument capable of measuring the s=
trength of socialism in the United States. It is the premise, not the predi=
ction, that deserves examination. A test administered inside the candidate =
selection machinery of the Democratic Party measures one thing with precisi=
on: fitness for that machinery. Everything else it registers as noise.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Garver=E2=80=99s dispatch =
deserves attention not because it is bad but because it is exemplary. It be=
longs to a genre: the sympathetic external progress report, written for rea=
ders abroad, narrating socialist advance in the passive voice of the electi=
on calendar. Victories arrive. Alarm bells sound. Races will be watched. Ag=
ency belongs to candidates and to panic; the organization appears chiefly a=
s canvassing capacity attached to campaigns. The genre has a method, and th=
e method has a politics.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The dispatch draws the Lab=
our parallel itself, and draws it correctly, at the level of triangulation =
and its decay. Since the Clinton and Blair era the center left has chased t=
he mythical median voter while its traditional constituencies stopped votin=
g, and the resulting vacuum is the space into which a forthright class poli=
tics can now step. All true. But the parallel carries a warning the genre c=
annot register. The last time a mass social democratic membership surged in=
to an electoral vehicle it did not control, the vehicle=E2=80=99s permanent=
 apparatus absorbed the shock, waited out the surge, and expelled it. The r=
eport card genre could not see that coming in Britain because the report ca=
rd genre measures what the vehicle measures. It is measuring the same thing=
s now.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"text-align: center; line-height: 15=
0%; margin: 12.0pt 0in 9.0pt 0in;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><=
strong>II.</strong></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Begin with what the appara=
tus actually produces. Garver reports that Melet Kiros=E2=80=99s June victo=
ry in Denver rested on some one hundred thousand door knocks and half a mil=
lion phone contacts, much of the operation organized by a chapter far small=
er than New York=E2=80=99s. This is a real organizational feat, and it woul=
d be sectarian foolishness to sneer at it. People who have cut turf, run a =
phonebank, and held a canvass launch in the rain have learned something, an=
d what they have learned is not nothing.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">But the dispatch goes furt=
her. The canvassing operations, Garver writes, are =E2=80=9Ceducating many =
participants and enriching DSA cadre ranks.=E2=80=9D<a href=3D"#_ftn2" name=
=3D"_ftnref2" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=3D""><span class=3D"Ms=
oFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- [=
if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D=
"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-farea=
st-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fa=
reast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[2]</span></span><!--[end=
if]--></span></span></a> Here the genre performs its characteristic elision=
. Cadre is a relational term. One is a cadre of something: of an organizati=
on with a program, a discipline, and a strategic horizon that exceeds the c=
urrent campaign. The canvass educates its participants in the technics of D=
emocratic primary mobilization: the voter file, the turf cut, the script, t=
he get-out-the-vote cascade. These are real skills and they are portable. T=
he question is what they are portable to. An organization that forms its me=
mbers through the Democratic primary calendar, measures its growth in prima=
ry margins, and celebrates its advance in the currency of primary wins is f=
orming cadres of the primary. Whether it is forming cadres of socialism is =
exactly what cannot be settled by pointing at the door count.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Hal Draper spent two decad=
es insisting on this distinction. The alternative to the micro-sect, he arg=
ued, was never the existing reformist apparatus; it was a political center =
organized around a program, whose cadres are formed in struggles the progra=
m illuminates, and whose elected representatives, if it has any, answer to =
the center rather than the reverse.<a href=3D"#_ftn3" name=3D"_ftnref3" sty=
le=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReferenc=
e"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootno=
tes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0p=
t; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &=
#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: Z=
H-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></sp=
an></a> I have argued elsewhere that the 2026 congressional sweep poses the=
 accountability question in its sharpest form, and I will not repeat the ar=
gument here.<a href=3D"#_ftn4" name=3D"_ftnref4" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: =
ftn4;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-s=
pecial-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Ti=
mes New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39=
;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language=
: AR-SA;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The narrower po=
int is this: the dispatch treats cadre formation as an automatic byproduct =
of canvass volume. It is not a byproduct. It is the contested thing itself.=
</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The dispatch concedes the =
composition problem in a single paragraph and leaves it where it found it. =
DSA=E2=80=99s membership is young, degreed, and metropolitan, concentrated =
in health, education, information technology, and public service; recent im=
migrants are well represented among its elected officials, African American=
s far less so in its ranks. For the genre this is a demographic blemish on =
an ascending curve. For a materialist it is the social base of the electora=
l turn itself. The milieus DSA organizes are the milieus in which the techn=
ics of primary mobilization are a native competence. This is not an accusat=
ion. Composition is a starting point and not a verdict, and the sneer about=
 downwardly mobile graduates explains nothing. But a composition is a const=
raint on a strategy. An organization rooted in these strata can win primari=
es where these strata are dense, which is to say in exactly the districts i=
t has been winning. Whether it can become the political expression of a cla=
ss whose largest battalions it barely touches is a different question, and =
it is not answered by winning more of the same primaries. The dispatch=E2=
=80=99s own list of harder tests, Missouri, Michigan, Wisconsin, concedes t=
he point without stating it.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"text-align: center; line-height: 15=
0%; margin: 12.0pt 0in 9.0pt 0in;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><=
strong>III.</strong></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Consider next what the pro=
gram reveals when the enemy reads it aloud. Garver reports, with justified =
amusement, that Speaker Mike Johnson staged a hushed reading of a leaked an=
d unfinished draft of the Workers Deserve More 2026 program on Instagram, i=
temizing its horrors: abolition of the Electoral College, ranked choice vot=
ing, limits on the power of billionaires to buy elections. The comedy is th=
at Johnson=E2=80=99s followers discovered in his comment section how much t=
hey already agreed, and the organization=E2=80=99s communications staff now=
 plans to convert the Speaker=E2=80=99s post into a recruitment funnel.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The comedy deserves a seco=
nd look. Note what the program=E2=80=99s enemies found legible in it. Not t=
he wage floor. Not the strike. Not one demand that names capital as an anta=
gonist. The planks that surfaced when hostile hands squeezed the document w=
ere the planks of procedural republicanism: election mechanics, campaign fi=
nance, the machinery of representation. These are defensible demands. They =
are also demands on which a MAGA Instagram commenter can find common ground=
, and that is the tell. A program whose most publicity-ready content locate=
s consensus has not yet located an antagonism. I have made the longer argum=
ent elsewhere: the program=E2=80=99s threshold demands float free of any sp=
ecified class antagonist, and a threshold in search of its antagonism will =
find, in the Democratic primary electorate, only a coalition.<a href=3D"#_f=
tn5" name=3D"_ftnref5" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=3D""><span cl=
ass=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote=
;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span=
 style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; =
mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-U=
S; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[5]</span></span=
><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Johnson=E2=80=99s reading confirms the ar=
gument from an unexpected quarter. The enemy performed the extraction test,=
 and what precipitated out was not socialism.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"text-align: center; line-height: 15=
0%; margin: 12.0pt 0in 9.0pt 0in;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><=
strong>IV.</strong></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Now the map. The dispatch =
divides DSA=E2=80=99s internal life into two positions. On one side the mas=
s politics caucuses, Groundwork and Socialist Majority, running the canvass=
es, winning the primaries, exploring a draft campaign to put Alexandria Oca=
sio-Cortez in the 2028 presidential field. On the other, ultra-left caucuse=
s jeering from the margins, dreaming of a pristine communist party unstaine=
d by Democratic ballot lines, whose latest attempt to censure Ocasio-Cortez=
 over Palestine fell flat. Between these two positions the dispatch recogni=
zes nothing.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The map misdescribes even =
the terrain it covers. Garver presents the national organization=E2=80=99s =
three month consultation on 2028 strategy as a welcome democratic advance. =
The consultation is in fact the residue of a fight the dispatch does not re=
port. The 2025 convention=E2=80=99s Resolution 33 instructed the organizati=
on to build a left labor coalition to recruit and run a socialist for presi=
dent.<a href=3D"#_ftn6" name=3D"_ftnref6" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" =
title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-=
character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootn=
oteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New=
 Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-=
ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA=
;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> When the machinery it =
created met this July, the National Political Committee voted fourteen to t=
hirteen to reject an all member poll on the presidential endorsement, parki=
ng the decision at the August 2027 convention.<a href=3D"#_ftn7" name=3D"_f=
tnref7" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootn=
oteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !su=
pportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-=
size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-fon=
t-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-=
language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]-->=
</span></span></a> The co-chair of the New York City chapter, the organizat=
ion=E2=80=99s largest and its largest funder, publicly accused the national=
 leadership of overturning the convention and stripping members of their vo=
te.<a href=3D"#_ftn8" name=3D"_ftnref8" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" ti=
tle=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-ch=
aracter: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnot=
eReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New R=
oman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-an=
si-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"=
>[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Red Star published condi=
tions under which an endorsement might be reconsidered; New York=E2=80=99s =
leadership moved to withdraw the endorsement request rather than see it con=
ditioned.<a href=3D"#_ftn9" name=3D"_ftnref9" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn=
9;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-spec=
ial-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoF=
ootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times=
 New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; =
mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: A=
R-SA;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The genteel word c=
onsultation launders a knife fight over the only question that matters: whe=
ther the organization endorses candidates or candidates annex the organizat=
ion.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The map also misdescribes =
its own examples. The dispatch lists Brad Lander among the insurgent congre=
ssional candidates endorsed by the New York City DSA canvass. NYC-DSA did n=
ot endorse Lander.<a href=3D"#_ftn10" name=3D"_ftnref10" style=3D"mso-footn=
ote-id: ftn10;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span c=
lass=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family=
: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New =
Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi=
-language: AR-SA;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> He wa=
s endorsed by Mamdani, ran on the Mamdani slate, and had in fact left DSA a=
fter three decades of membership, denouncing the chapter=E2=80=99s conduct =
after October 7.<a href=3D"#_ftn11" name=3D"_ftnref11" style=3D"mso-footnot=
e-id: ftn11;" title=3D""><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span c=
lass=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family=
: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New =
Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi=
-language: AR-SA;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The e=
rror is small and it is not innocent; it is the genre=E2=80=99s method in m=
iniature. The dispatch cannot distinguish the DSA from the Mamdani coalitio=
n because its criterion of advance, the primary win, does not distinguish t=
hem. Whatever wins a Democratic primary in New York in 2026 counts, for the=
 genre, as the advance of democratic socialism. A category that cannot excl=
ude Brad Lander is not a category. It is a mood.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">And the map erases a posit=
ion. There is a critique of the mass politics line that owes nothing to the=
 dream of the pristine party. It is the position Draper actually held: agai=
nst the micro-sect and its purity, against the reformist apparatus and its =
power of absorption, for a political center organized around a program, acc=
umulating forces in the movements and the unions, contesting elections when=
 and only when it can do so under its own discipline and its own name. From=
 this position the failed censure refutes nothing, because the question was=
 never Ocasio-Cortez=E2=80=99s fervor and always her accountability, and a =
censure vote is not an accountability structure. It is what an organization=
 reaches for when it has none. The fourteen to thirteen vote, the two milli=
on dollars in annual dues, the endorsement request withdrawn rather than co=
nditioned: these are the vital signs of an organization whose elected offic=
ials have become its principals rather than its agents. The ultra-left cauc=
uses did not create that condition, and their expulsion would not cure it.<=
/p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"text-align: center; line-height: 15=
0%; margin: 12.0pt 0in 9.0pt 0in;" align=3D"center" style=3D"margin:0px;"><=
strong>V.</strong></p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">What would an actual test =
look like? Not a margin. A criterion.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">First: does the organizati=
on possess the capacity to instruct its elected officials, to discipline th=
em, and in the limit to break with them publicly, at a cost it can bear and=
 they cannot? The 2026 sweep multiplies the officials. It does not multiply=
 the capacity. Every primary victory adds weight to the elected side of the=
 scale. An organization that could not condition an endorsement in July wil=
l not condition a presidential campaign in 2028.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Second: does the program n=
ame an antagonist? A threshold without an enemy is a petition. The August c=
andidates will run, honorably, on the threshold. The test of the program is=
 not whether it polls but whether it divides, and whether the division it d=
raws runs along the line of class or along the line of the primary electora=
te.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Third: who writes the exam=
? A Democratic primary is administered by the Democratic Party: its ballot =
access, its electorate, its calendar, its money, its media environment. To =
enter the examination room is to accept the examiner=E2=80=99s definition o=
f passing. This is no argument for abstention; Draper was not an abstention=
ist and neither am I. It is an argument about what the grade can mean. Fitn=
ess for the machinery is a fact about the machinery.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The consultation now under=
way is where the criterion will or will not be built. Resolution 33 imagine=
d a left labor coalition recruiting a candidate; the process as it now runs=
 is a candidate recruiting a coalition. A presidential endorsement conducte=
d on the candidate=E2=80=99s timetable, under the candidate=E2=80=99s condi=
tions, with the membership polled for enthusiasm rather than convened for d=
ecision, would complete the inversion: the political center as audience. Th=
at outcome is not fated. It is being fought over now, fourteen to thirteen,=
 which is one reason the August report cards, whatever they say, will be be=
side the point. The organization=E2=80=99s decisive election this year is i=
nternal, and no one is canvassing for it.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">The returns will come in A=
ugust and they will be loud. Bush may win or lose in St. Louis; El-Sayed ho=
lds a narrow polling lead in Michigan; Wisconsin is harder ground still. Ev=
ery outcome will be read aloud as an answer, in Garver=E2=80=99s register b=
y the friends of the project and in Carville=E2=80=99s by its enemies. The =
criterion will stay silent, because the criterion was never on the ballot. =
Whatever the margins, the organization that wakes on the morning after will=
 have the same unbuilt accountability structures, the same program in searc=
h of its antagonism, the same fourteen to thirteen leadership, and the same=
 choice it faced the morning before: become the political center of a class=
, or remain the canvassing auxiliary of a coalition. The primaries cannot m=
ake that choice. They can only postpone it, one election at a time, and cal=
l the postponement a test.</p>
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: =
.25in; line-height: 150%;" style=3D"margin:0px;">Everyone will watch the gr=
ade. Nobody is asking who wrote the exam.</p>
<div style=3D"mso-element: footnote-list;"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><b=
r clear=3D"all"/><hr align=3D"left" size=3D"1" width=3D"33%"/><!--[endif]--=
>
<div id=3D"ftn1" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref1" =
name=3D"_ftn1" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[1]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Paul Garver,=
 =E2=80=9CDemocratic socialists further advance,=E2=80=9D 21 July 2026. [Ve=
nue to confirm in accuracy pass; the Labour Party framing suggests Labour H=
ub.]</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn2" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref2" =
name=3D"_ftn2" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[2]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Garver, =E2=
=80=9CDemocratic socialists further advance.=E2=80=9D</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn3" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref3" =
name=3D"_ftn3" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[3]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Hal Draper, =
=E2=80=9CToward a New Beginning: On Another Road. The Alternative to the Mi=
cro-Sect=E2=80=9D (1971); Hal Draper, =E2=80=9CAnatomy of the Micro-Sect=E2=
=80=9D (1973). Both available at the Marxists Internet Archive.</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn4" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref4" =
name=3D"_ftn4" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[4]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Anthony P. T=
eso, =E2=80=9CThe Apparatus and Its Discipline.=E2=80=9D [Publication detai=
ls to supply.]</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn5" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref5" =
name=3D"_ftn5" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[5]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Anthony P. T=
eso, =E2=80=9CA Threshold in Search of Its Antagonism.=E2=80=9D [Publicatio=
n details to supply.]</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn6" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref6" =
name=3D"_ftn6" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[6]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Democratic S=
ocialists of America, 2025 National Convention, Resolution 33, =E2=80=9CUni=
te Labor and the Left to Run a Socialist for President and Build the Party,=
=E2=80=9D as described in =E2=80=9CDSA Debates How to Debate AOC Presidenti=
al Endorsement,=E2=80=9D City &amp; State New York, July 2026.</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn7" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref7" =
name=3D"_ftn7" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[7]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> =E2=80=9CDSA=
 Debates How to Debate AOC Presidential Endorsement,=E2=80=9D City &amp; St=
ate New York, July 2026. [Confirm meeting date and vote tally against prima=
ry sources in accuracy pass.]</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn8" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref8" =
name=3D"_ftn8" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[8]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Gustavo Gord=
illo, post on X, July 2026, as quoted in contemporaneous press accounts. [L=
ocate the primary post in accuracy pass.]</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn9" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref9" =
name=3D"_ftn9" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=3D""><span class=3D"M=
soFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;"><!-- =
[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=
=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso-fa=
reast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso=
-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[9]</span></span><!--[=
endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> Red Star Cau=
cus, =E2=80=9CStatement on the Controversy Surrounding the 2028 Presidentia=
l Endorsement Process,=E2=80=9D July 2026, redstarcaucus.org.</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn10" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref10"=
 name=3D"_ftn10" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=3D""><span class=
=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;">=
<!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span st=
yle=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso=
-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[10]</span></span><=
!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> =E2=80=
=9CDSA-Backed Candidates Win Numerous NYC Races on Primary Night,=E2=80=9D =
NY1, 24 June 2026; =E2=80=9CHere Are the Democratic Socialist Candidates Fa=
cing Off Against Progressives in New York House Primaries,=E2=80=9D The Hil=
l, 23 June 2026.</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"ftn11" style=3D"mso-element: footnote;">
<p class=3D"DefangedMsoNormal" style=3D"margin:0px;"><a href=3D"#_ftnref11"=
 name=3D"_ftn11" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=3D""><span class=
=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote;">=
<!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=3D"MsoFootnoteReference"><span st=
yle=3D"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;,serif; mso=
-fareast-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">[11]</span></span><=
!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt;"> =E2=80=
=9CLander Says He=E2=80=99s Not Endorsing Congressional Candidate with Whom=
 He Put Out an Ad,=E2=80=9D Jewish Insider, 10 June 2026.</span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>--</div>
<div>Tony</div>


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