Re: [ox-en] Commons in a taxonomy of goods

> Commons are common pool resources. Commons are common goods. Commons
> are social relationships. You can find all of these descriptions for the
> term. Which is the correct one? All three versions are valid—at the same
> time!
>
> The word „common“ is the best starting point for the analysis. The
> common thing within a commons are the resources, which are used and
> cared for, are the goods resulting from joint activities, and are the
> social relationships emerging from acting together. These three aspects
> are so different for all commons, that no one could describe them in a
> reasonably complete manner.
>
> Usage
>
> The usage has got two sub-dimensions: *excludability* and *rivalry* .
> They grasp aspects of access and concurrent utilization.
>
> _Free goods_ (also: Res nullius, Terra nullius or no man’s land) are
> legally or socially unregulated goods under free access. The often cited
> „Tragedy of Commons“ is a tragedy of no man’s land, which is overly used
> or destroyed due to missing rules of usage. Such no man’s lands do exist
> yet today, e.g. in high-sea or deep-sea.

but not only a legal classification,

you have scarce or economic goods, and free goods

economic goods could be rival/non rival and exclusive/non exclusive

that gives you 4 categories: public, private, common,  and club goods

so you have 5 basic categories: free:  public, private, common,  and club goods

>


commom goods usually are defined in terms of non excludable/rival

this text calls substractable to rival goods
------------------
A good is excludable if people (ordinarily, people who have not paid
for it) can be prevented from using it.
It is rival, or subtractable if one person's consumption of a good
necessarily diminishes another person's consumption of it.

http://www.econport.org/econport/request?page=man_pg_table
free goods: air
economic goods:

Excludable:	        Yes                         	No
Subtractable: Yes 	Private Goods 	Common-Pool Resources
                       No	Club Goods 	        Public Goods

What each category means

   1. Private Goods: An economic good, or a tangible item that can be
purchased and traded within a market. Private goods are excludable.
They are also rival, or subtractable. You can't eat a hamburger that
is being eaten by someone else.
      For example: Most goods that are commonly traded, from
hamburgers to furniture to 747 airplanes.
   2. Club Goods: Goods that are excludable but non-rival, or
non-subtractable. This means that while certain people can be excluded
from the consumption of a good, one person's consumption of it does
not diminish another person's.
      For example: Community services, including those provided by
religious organizations; cable television; computer software.
   3. Common-Pool Resources
      For example: Fisheries, forests, oil fields, groundwater basins,
and so on.
   4. Public Goods
      For example: National defense, public parks, street lighting,
lighthouses, and so on.
-- 
Diego Saravia
[email protected]
NO FUNCIONA->dsa-AySywPH+/[email protected]

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