[dinosaur] Endothiodon (anomodont) from Permian of Mozambique

Ben Creisler
[email protected]


A recent paper not yet mentioned:


Z. Macungo, I. Loide, S. Zunguza, N. Nhamutole, I.E.M. Maharaj, J. Mugabe,
K.D. Angielczyk & R. Araújo (2019)
Endothiodon (Therapsida, Anomodontia) specimens from the middle/late
Permian of the Metangula Graben (Niassa Province, Mozambique) increase
complexity to the taxonomy of the genus.
Journal of African Earth Sciences (advance online publication)
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__doi.org_10.1016_j.jafrearsci.2019.103647&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=eaXLJrVg9DdlgioUGNZ6TFxHnBm5cJ_j9Edk7e1LAoQ&s=0Z3HlVCPAekq3djZmXMuHmmhbneXwZIzZnKi0HBBbKY&e= 
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.sciencedirect.com_science_article_pii_S1464343X19303024&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=eaXLJrVg9DdlgioUGNZ6TFxHnBm5cJ_j9Edk7e1LAoQ&s=27aCZA-KyjmLaKZeQ4W6c9_fvsyiDS89iZTlQ--CKWo&e= 

Highlights

Endothiodon tolani is identified for the first time for the Metangula
Graben, Mozambique.
Endothiodon tolani and Endothiodon bathystoma seem to have coexisted.
The specimens of Endothiodon from Mozambique are compared extensively with
those of the Main Karoo Basin in South Africa as well as from other African
Karoo basins.
The diagnosing features of Endothiodon are critically reassessed.
Additional knowledge on the postcranium of Endothiodon is provide by the
wealth of specimens from the Metangula Graben.

Abstract

Endothiodon is amongst the most cosmopolitan, easily identified and bizarre
genera from the middle/late Permian. Its complex and unique feeding system
with continuous replacement waves of teeth and its cranial morphology make
it stand out among dicynodonts. Our increased sample of Endothiodon
specimens from the K5 Formation (Middle/Late Permian) of the Metangula
Graben (Niassa, Mozambique) raises new interest in the evolutionary history
and taxonomy of the genus. Here we describe the anatomy of 111 new
Endothiodon specimens from Mozambique and identify the presence of multiple
specimens of E. tolani in possible co-occurrence with E. bathystoma,
pending a more refined stratigraphic placement of E. bathystoma morph
specimens. The overwhelming majority of specimens collected in the
Metangula Graben are ascribable to Endothiodon. This scenario raises
multiple evolutionary hypotheses for the genus with significant taxonomic
implications. Importantly, the Mozambican specimens shed new light into the
patterns of variation, ontogeny and dimorphism of endothiodont characters
and Endothiodon autapomorphies.

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