[dinosaur] Permian amphibian tracks in South African Karoo

--000000000000278afd059bd83df1
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-printable

Ben Creisler
[email protected]

A new paper not yet mentioned:


Juan Carlos Cisneros, Michael O. Day, Jaco Groenewald & Bruce S. Rubidge
(2020)
Small footprints expand middle Permian amphibian diversity in the South
African Karoo.
PALAIOS 35(1): 1=E2=80=9311.
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.2110=
_palo.2018.098&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=
=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3D2yWwmVZddOJo8UV_8EZvGy3_=
6MRD2pDEhxw8tvZ0o2o&s=3D_T75hQmTuCc8SFF3o1vgq0JK0yuhAuFFRXwn2WbP4K0&e=3D=20
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__pubs.geoscienceworld=
.org_sepm_palaios_article-2Dabstract_35_1_1_579973_SMALL-2DFOOTPRINTS-2DEXP=
AND-2DMIDDLE-2DPERMIAN-2DAMPHIBIAN&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BO=
UHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3D2yWw=
mVZddOJo8UV_8EZvGy3_6MRD2pDEhxw8tvZ0o2o&s=3DOW80_ZzFpSObKVKxRU1gJHMbrct-Be3=
Ug4DesXREaQI&e=3D=20

Two new tetrapod trackways are described from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage
Zone of the South African Karoo Basin. We interpret both to be traces
attributable to small anamniote tetrapods. The larger footprints are
tentatively referred to aff. Batrachichnus salamandroides. These imprints
are distinguished from other records of Batrachichnus by a pentadactyl pes
that produces only impressions of digits III=E2=80=93V. Digits I and II are
recognized only by their drag marks. This trace occurs in association with
a second set of footprints of uncertain affinities. However, these smaller
imprints are not sufficiently well preserved and could represent
undertracks or partially eroded footprints. None of the footprints can be
attributed to the adult forms of the two temnospondyl taxa known from the
Guadalupian part of the Karoo Basin: Rhinesuchus whaitsi or Rhinesuchoides
tenuiceps. We interpret the aff. Batrachichnus trackway to have been
produced by a small, adult temnospondyl or microsaur (Recumbirostrae),
whereas the smaller set of footprints was likely made by a juvenile
rhinesuchid or an unknown amphibian, either a paedomorphic form or a tiny
adult form. The discovery shows that a more diverse aquatic biota existed
at this time in the Karoo than osteological records currently suggest.

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

--000000000000278afd059bd83df1
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: Quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><br></div>Ben Creisler<div><a href=3D"mailto:bcreisle=
[email protected]">[email protected]</a></div><div><br></div><div>A new paper n=
ot yet mentioned:<br><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Juan Carlos Cisnero=
s, Michael O. Day, Jaco Groenewald &amp; Bruce S. Rubidge (2020)<br>Small f=
ootprints expand middle Permian amphibian diversity in the South African Ka=
roo. <br>PALAIOS 35(1): 1=E2=80=9311.<br>doi: <a href=3D"https://urldefense=
.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.2110_palo.2018.098&amp;d=3D=
DwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IF=
aUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3D2yWwmVZddOJo8UV_8EZvGy3_6MRD2pD=
Ehxw8tvZ0o2o&amp;s=3D_T75hQmTuCc8SFF3o1vgq0JK0yuhAuFFRXwn2WbP4K0&amp;e=3D">=
https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2018.098</a><br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.=
proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__pubs.geoscienceworld.org_sepm_palaios_a=
rticle-2Dabstract_35_1_1_579973_SMALL-2DFOOTPRINTS-2DEXPAND-2DMIDDLE-2DPERM=
IAN-2DAMPHIBIAN&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7C=
Sfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3D2yWwmVZ=
ddOJo8UV_8EZvGy3_6MRD2pDEhxw8tvZ0o2o&amp;s=3DOW80_ZzFpSObKVKxRU1gJHMbrct-Be=
3Ug4DesXREaQI&amp;e=3D">https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/sepm/palaios/artic=
le-abstract/35/1/1/579973/SMALL-FOOTPRINTS-EXPAND-MIDDLE-PERMIAN-AMPHIBIAN<=
/a><br><br>Two new tetrapod trackways are described from the Tapinocephalus=
 Assemblage Zone of the South African Karoo Basin. We interpret both to be =
traces attributable to small anamniote tetrapods. The larger footprints are=
 tentatively referred to aff. Batrachichnus salamandroides. These imprints =
are distinguished from other records of Batrachichnus by a pentadactyl pes =
that produces only impressions of digits III=E2=80=93V. Digits I and II are=
 recognized only by their drag marks. This trace occurs in association with=
 a second set of footprints of uncertain affinities. However, these smaller=
 imprints are not sufficiently well preserved and could represent undertrac=
ks or partially eroded footprints. None of the footprints can be attributed=
 to the adult forms of the two temnospondyl taxa known from the Guadalupian=
 part of the Karoo Basin: Rhinesuchus whaitsi or Rhinesuchoides tenuiceps. =
We interpret the aff. Batrachichnus trackway to have been produced by a sma=
ll, adult temnospondyl or microsaur (Recumbirostrae), whereas the smaller s=
et of footprints was likely made by a juvenile rhinesuchid or an unknown am=
phibian, either a paedomorphic form or a tiny adult form. The discovery sho=
ws that a more diverse aquatic biota existed at this time in the Karoo than=
 osteological records currently suggest.</div><div><br>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D<br></div></div></div>

--000000000000278afd059bd83df1--