[dinosaur] Reptiles and Deccan eruptions + feather in Alberta amber + Smilodon hip disease + more

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Ben Creisler
[email protected]

Some recent (mainly) non-dino papers:



The Chinese journal Global Geology 22(4) (2019) (English language version)
has papers posted from the International Symposium on Cretaceous Biota and
K-Pg boundary, held in  Jiayin, China.This journal has free pdfs.

https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttp-3A__sjdz.jlu.edu.cn_Jwk-5=
Fsjdz-5Fen_CN_volumn_current.shtml&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BO=
UHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rd=
t0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3D1-ojqKIPPbmg_gmqB4J7OooCPatOVuv=
QW_uU-WsbOuI&e=3D=20

*****
Of special interest:

Dhananjay Mohabey, Bandana Samant, Anup Dhobale & Deepesh Kumar (2019)
Reptilian vertebrates from Deccan volcanic associated sediments of Malwa
Plateau in context to reptiles across Maastrichtian-Paleogene volcanic
eruptions in Main Deccan Volcanic Province, India.
Global Geology 22(4): 250-257
DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1673-9736.2019.04.03
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttp-3A__sjdz.jlu.edu.cn_Jwk-5=
Fsjdz-5Fen_EN_abstract_abstract8720.shtml&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgv=
i0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=
=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DQ1yyjrjRZ1HUlkfjPFVnQNDu=
hX0hypJSV-UqH8VMSpo&e=3D=20


The enormous eruptive volume of India's Deccan continental flood basalts
has been linked to global mass extinction at Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary
and destablilisation of both marine and terrestrial ecosystems before and
after the Chicxulub bolide impact. Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP) currently
covers around 500 000 km2 of land between latitude 15=C2=B010'-24=C2=B030'N=
 and
longitude 70=C2=B010-82=C2=B010'E over central India towards the west coast=
. The
pre-erosional volume is estimated at around 1.6 million km3 which is one of
the largest volcanic eruptions on the Earth. The Deccan lava flows in
geographically separated areas in DVP are considered to have separate
sources and sites of eruptions and were outpoured in different
magnetochrons viz. C30n to C28n of Maastrichtian to Paleocene. The Deccan
volcanic sequences (DVS) in different provinces are associated with (i)
sediments deposited before the arrival (Ground Zero) of the first lava
flows-designated as infratrappean or Lameta sediments and (ii) sediments
between the lava flows deposited during the period of quiescence at
different stratigraphic levels designated as intertrappean (interflow)
sediments. The Ground Zero Lameta sediments are the major dinosaur bearing
sediments deposited in six inland basins viz. 1. Balasinor-Jhabua; 2.
Sagar; 3. Jabalpur; 4. Ambikapur-Amarkantak; 5. Salburdi; 6.
Nand-Dongargaon. The sediments represent mainly the terrestrial ecosystems
destabilised by the volcanism and they record history of biotic and
environmental changes impacted by the volcanism across the Deccan volcanic
eruptions. The titanosaurs, crocodylimorphs and bothremydid turtles
survived across the first flows in the region in the C30n. The skeletal
remains of the surviving reptiles are preserved in the Deccan volcanic
associated intertrappean lake sediments at different stratigraphic levels
higher-up in the sequence. Locally, in the Malwa region the Scincomorp and
Anguimorph lizards make their first appearance during the earlier phase of
volcanic eruptions in C30n wherein their well preserved bones are found in
the intertrappean/inter lsva lake sediments deposited between the lava
flows. The lizard fauna is indicated to have better flourished after the
initial Deccan eruptions possibly owing to increased humidity.

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Min Huh (2019)
Dinosaurs, birds and pterosaurs of Korea and geological heritage protection.
Global Geology 22(4): 289-292
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9736.2019.04.07
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttp-3A__sjdz.jlu.edu.cn_Jwk-5=
Fsjdz-5Fen_EN_abstract_abstract8724.shtml&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgv=
i0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=
=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3D4T4Vtm0LhHxLr4yG98GpXgh-=
hB1_5Etp9RdDWL81nOc&e=3D=20


Republic of Korea (South Korea) is one of the richest and most exciting
regions on earth for the study of vertebrate ichnology. Very unique
vertebrate fossils include dinosaurs, bird tracks, pterosaurs were
discovered from more important sites. New finds of dinosaur skeletal
remains have increased the number and diversity of known Korean dinosaur
taxa. Other fossils including dinosaur tooth and skin impressions,
pterosaur bonesand tooth, turtle bones and eggs, crocodile skull and tooth,
lizard bone, wood fossils, and trace fossils. Many sites reveal the highest
density of bird and dinosaur track levels anywhere in the world. In South
Korea there is a comprehensive system of national and provincial parks as
well as nearly 500 sites identified under national legislation as
=E2=80=98naturalmonuments=E2=80=99, in which the Cretaceous sites are the m=
ost abundant,
and the Mudeungsan National Geopark newly established was certificated as
the UNESCO Global Geopark.

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Pierre Cockx, Ryan McKellar, Ralf Tappert, Matthew Vavrek & Karlis
Muehlenbachs (2020)
Bonebed amber as a new source of paleontological data: The case of the
Pipestone Creek deposit (Upper Cretaceous), Alberta, Canada.
Gondwana Research (advance online publication)
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1016=
_j.gr.2019.12.005&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_g=
I&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8r=
EyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3D-nPp7eKSI7h7ZaQ9vRfNOXfBaaWEWkJ630Q5vqCpvKc&e=3D=
=20
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.sciencedirect.co=
m_science_article_abs_pii_S1342937X20300198&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVI=
gvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI=
&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3D18XePq4xjkJ6TcokWIqJW2=
ywsI1ZpA9eKZJPgg54BdM&e=3D=20

Highlights

Amber chemistry suggests cupressaceous trees in Late Cretaceous high
latitude.
Stable isotope analyses suggest habitat distant from the Western Interior
Seaway.
Relatively diverse arthropod, botanical, and vertebrate inclusions are
present.

Abstract

Amber deposits and dinosaur bonebeds provide some of the most detailed
sources of information on terrestrial ecosystems, but these sources have
rarely been studied in tandem. The Pipestone Creek bonebed from the
Campanian Wapiti Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides an opportunity to
explore both data sources in the same deposit for the first time. The site
has yielded an exceptional fauna dominated by abundant remains of the
centrosaurine ceratopsian Pachyrhinosaurus. The initial campaigns of
excavation in the 1980s led to the collateral discovery of amber, and the
site became the first published source of insect-bearing amber in a
dinosaur bonebed. Here we describe amber inclusions in detail and analyze
the composition and geochemistry of the amber (FTIR spectroscopy and stable
isotope studies) in order to draw paleoecological and paleoenvironmental
inferences. We describe a feather fragment from an aquatic bird, as well as
new species of Psocodea and Hymenoptera (Mymarommatidae) with ecological
constraints. Indeterminate aphid and spider inclusions were also found, but
preservation was not sufficient for formal description. FTIR spectroscopy
suggests a botanical source among the Cupressaceae, while stable isotope
data indicate that the resin-producing forest did not receive precipitation
directly from the Western Interior Seaway. These initial results show that
amber is a valuable source of additional information about the habitat
surrounding the vertebrates found in bonebed deposits. Given the abundance
and range of inclusions encountered so far, Pipestone Creek amber also
appears to be a promising new source for a relatively diverse Campanian
amber assemblage.

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Katherine L. LONG,  Donald R. PROTHERO & Valerie J.P. SYVERSON (2020)
How do small birds evolve in response to climate change? Data from the
long=E2=80=90term record at La Brea tar pits.
Integrative Zoology (advance online publication)
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1111=
_1749-2D4877.12426&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_=
gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8=
rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DDLMbdxXdxHFffVUNXdAs1BEcUo_fW5h1hrBs_br6kBA&e=
=3D=20
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__onlinelibrary.wiley.=
com_doi_10.1111_1749-2D4877.12426&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOU=
HhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt=
0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DH8DAnzD3bnyRMcKOrFb9VoGIkjqytsiW=
7HOgQ9bL4kE&e=3D=20

Biology textbooks describe the small changes in the beaks of the Gal=C3=A1p=
agos
finches as exemplars of how birds evolve in response to environmental
changes. Yet recent studies of the abundant fossil birds at Rancho La Brea
finds no evidence of evolutionary responses to the dramatic climate changes
of the glacial=E2=80=90interglacial cycle over the last 35,000 years: none =
of the
large birds exhibit any change in body size or limb proportions, even
during the last glacial maximum about 18,000=E2=80=9320,000 years ago, when=
 the
southern California chaparral was replaced by snowy coniferous forests. But
these are all large birds with large ranges and broad habitat preferences,
capable of living in many different environments. Perhaps the smaller birds
at La Brea, which have smaller home ranges and narrower habitats, might
respond to climate more like Gal=C3=A1pagos finches. The only three common =
small
birds at La Brea are the Western Meadowlark, the Yellow=E2=80=90Billed Magp=
ie, and
the Raven. In this study, we demonstrate that these birds also show
complete stasis over the last glacial=E2=80=90interglacial cycle, with no
statistically significant changes between dated pits. Recent research
suggests that the small=E2=80=90scale changes over short time scales seen i=
n the
Gal=C3=A1pagos finches are merely fluctuations around a stable morphology, =
and
rarely lead to long=E2=80=90term accumulation of changes or speciation. Ins=
tead,
the prevalence of stasis supports the view that long=E2=80=90term direction=
al
changes in morphology are quite rare. While directional changes in
morphology occur frequently over short (<1ka) timescales, in the long term
such changes only rarely remain stable for long enough to appear in the
fossil record.

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Free pdf:

Mairin A. Balisi, Abhinav K. Sharma, Carrie M. Howard, Christopher A. Shaw,
Robert Klapper & Emily L. Lindsey (2019)
Computed tomography reveals hip dysplasia in Smilodon: Implications for
social behavior in an extinct Pleistocene predator.
bioRxiv 2020.01.07.897348
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1101=
_2020.01.07.897348&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_=
gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8=
rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DmdmFjmK_OaLU9fUCVABK2sgEHtF--mzU-fymLKhLTI4&e=
=3D=20
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.biorxiv.org_cont=
ent_10.1101_2020.01.07.897348v1&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHh=
pN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt0G=
hTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3D2V6ZQQhK6Z05iwERfSP9Fc9i4irSunMYw6=
-2zvRBcq4&e=3D=20



Reconstructing the behavior of extinct species is challenging, particularly
for those with no living analogues. However, damage preserved as
paleopathologies on bone can record how an animal moved in life,
potentially reflecting patterns of behavior. Here, for the first time, we
use computed tomography (CT) to assess hypothesized etiologies of pathology
in a pelvis and associated right femur of an adult Smilodon fatalis
saber-toothed cat, one of the best-studied mammal species from the
Pleistocene-age Rancho La Brea asphalt seeps, Los Angeles, California. The
pelvis exhibits massive destruction of the right acetabulum that previously
was interpreted, for nearly a century, to have resulted from trauma and
infection. We evaluated this historical interpretation using CT imaging to
supplement gross morphology in identifying symptoms of traumatic,
infective, or degenerative arthritis. We found that the pathologic
distortions are inconsistent with degenerative changes that started only
later in life, as in the case of infective or traumatic arthritis. Rather,
they characterize chronic remodeling that began at birth and led to
degeneration of the joint over time. These findings suggest that this
individual suffered from hip dysplasia, a congenital condition common in
domestic dogs and cats.

The individual examined in this study reached adulthood (at least four to
seven years of age) but never could have hunted properly nor defended
territory on its own. As such, this individual, and other critically
pathologic Smilodon like it, likely survived to adulthood by association
with a social group that assisted it with feeding and protection. The
pathologic specimens examined here in detail are consistent with a spectrum
of social strategies in Smilodon supported by a predominance of previous
studies. This application of a relatively new and interdisciplinary
technique to an old question therefore informs the longstanding debate
between social and solitary hypotheses for the behavior of an extinct
predator.


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Alexandre Ribeiro Cardoso, Guilherme Raffaeli Romero, Gabriel Ladeira Os=C3=
=A9s
& Afonso C=C3=A9sar Rodrigues Nogueira (2020)
Taphonomy of lacustrine fish fossils of the Parna=C3=ADba Basin, northeaste=
rn
Brazil: Spatial and causative relations of Konservat Lagerst=C3=A4tten in W=
est
Gondwana during Jurassic-Cretaceous.
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology: Article 109602 (advance
online publication)
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1016=
_j.palaeo.2020.109602&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSf=
nc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfG=
WL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DwBkR-A0XR4-3v9LrryNiljg6cAXY_XqbeIJf3ZPfA98&=
e=3D=20
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.sciencedirect.co=
m_science_article_abs_pii_S0031018219309009&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVI=
gvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI=
&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3Dpo7Z3zgjCudOuXd2uBVwy4=
pjqDLVxMdVLejYOP0sA8s&e=3D=20


Highlights

Exceptionally preserved fossils are evaluated through petrography and
geochemistry.
Three-dimensional preservation of bone tissue allows proposing a new
Lagerst=C3=A4tte.
CAMP-related magmatism and intensified chemical weathering triggered
eutrophication.
Similar location and geological data suggest clusters of exceptional
preservation.
Despite similar taphonomic pathways, autogenic factors control fossil
diagenesis.

Abstract

Fossil bonanzas called Konservat Lagerst=C3=A4tten provide geological windo=
ws to
the ecology of ancient life communities. These deposits often occur as
cluster of fossil localities with similar geographic locations, geological
ages and facies, as the fossils were generally preserved during special
periods and large-scale events in Earth history within environments with
exceptional taphonomic conditions. This work applied petrological and
geochemical analyses to evaluate the taphonomic pathway of a Konservat
Lagerst=C3=A4tten in the Muzinho Shale, Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous of =
the
Parna=C3=ADba Basin, northeastern Brazil. These lacustrine deposits include
interbedded limestones and fossiliferous black shales deposited in anoxic,
non-euxinic and saline environment. Black shales contain articulated
skeletons of fish fossils, characterised by three-dimensional preservation
of the skeletal tissue. The polytypical assemblage includes diverse
ontogenetic stages and is concentrated in a specific stratigraphic level.
Mass mortality was triggered by anoxia probably established by stratified
water column, high C flux and thermocline demise. The specimens are encased
in kerogen-bearing siliciclastic laminae and cementstone microfacies, both
microbially-induced. The fossils were cemented by eodiagenetic poikilotopic
calcite that filled the skeletal articulation, including bone trabeculae
and voids originally filled by bone marrow. The short distance, similar
fossil assemblages, ages and coincident palaeoenvironments suggest that
Muzinho Shale (Parna=C3=ADba Basin) and Crato Formation (Araripe Basin) com=
pose
a cluster of exceptional preservation in West Gondwana. Lava flows and
outgassing related to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP)
resulted in the subaereal exposure of volcanic plains, acid rains and
subsequent CO2 greenhouse crisis. CAMP-magmatism was especially voluminous
in northern Brazilian basins, enhancing nutrient-rich waters and lacustrine
eutrophication due to intensified chemical weathering in this area.
Probably, other Konservat Lagerst=C3=A4tten remain unreported in West Gondw=
ana.
Despite similar causative events, the individual taphonomic pathways of
Muzinho Shale and Crato Formation are very different, suggesting that in
these cases local phenomena affected authigenesis and diagenesis.

=3D=3D=3D=3D


Kate Andrzejewski & Neil J. Tabor (2020)
and paleoclimatic reconstruction of Cretaceous (Aptian-Cenomanian)
terrestrial formations of Texas and Oklahoma using phyllosilicates.
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology: Article 109491 (advance
online publication)
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1016=
_j.palaeo.2019.109491&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSf=
nc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfG=
WL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DdYlUvzeYPp72EbrWcmYR4k7K47i8u1EsTeXTT2nJFDU&=
e=3D=20
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.sciencedirect.co=
m_science_article_abs_pii_S0031018219305073&d=3DDwIFaQ&c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVI=
gvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI=
&m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&s=3DKAvWbK-albvUIVS9vO4Zgr=
Xz7AKMGzDBsrXaUgC-vwk&e=3D=20


Highlights

Description of paleosols from Cretaceous formations in Oklahoma and Texas
Chemical, mineralogic, and hydrogen-and oxygen isotope data from pedogenic
clays
Mean annual temperature estimates of the Cretaceous using pedogenic clays
Temperature and precipitation estimates show temporal shifts across the
Cretaceous.

Abstract

Clay mineralogy, chemistry, and stable oxygen and hydrogen-isotope
compositions of 11 phyllosilicate samples from Cretaceous paleosol profiles
were determined in order to evaluate Early-to-Late Cretaceous
paleoenvironments and paleoclimates around north-central Texas and southern
Oklahoma. Samples consist of mineralogical mixtures of illite, smectite,
and kaolinite. Samples from the Albian Antlers Formation in southern
Oklahoma and the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation are dominated by kaolinite,
while the remaining samples are dominated by smectite and illite. Major
element compositions of paleosol matrix materials are used to calculate
CALMAG weathering values that range from 31 to 84 and correspond to
Cretaceous paleoprecipitation estimates ranging from 270 to 1490=E2=80=AFmm=
/yr.
Paleosol phyllosilicate hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope values range
from =E2=88=9250=E2=80=B0 to =E2=88=9267=E2=80=B0 to 18.5=E2=80=B0 to 21.7=
=E2=80=B0, respectively, and in conjunction with
their respective mineral and chemical compositions, correspond to in-situ
soil crystallization temperatures ranging from 26=E2=80=AF=C2=B1=E2=80=AF3=
=E2=80=AF=C2=B0C to 31=E2=80=AF=C2=B1=E2=80=AF=C2=B0C.
Paleoprecipitation trends exhibit two marked increases in precipitation
from the Early to Late Cretaceous, in the Albian Antlers Formation and
Cenomanian Woodbine Formation. Stratigraphic intervals with phyllosilicates
that yield cooler temperature estimates coincide with stratigraphic
intervals with markedly higher precipitation estimates based on CALMAG
values. Importantly, cool, high precipitation intervals correlate with
periods of extensive shallow seas upon the North American craton.
Comparison of Cretaceous temperature, precipitation and meteoric water
estimates to modern analogs supports the presence of climates similar to
modern tropical climates during the Cretaceous at subtropical or temperate
paleolatitudes in what is now Texas and Oklahoma, consistent with general
circulation models and energy balance models suggesting a pervading
Cretaceous greenhouse.

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><br></div>Ben Creisler<div><a href=3D"mailto:bcreisle=
[email protected]" target=3D"_blank">[email protected]</a></div><div><br></div>=
<div>Some recent (mainly) non-dino papers:</div><div><br></div><div><br></d=
iv><div><br></div><div>The Chinese journal Global Geology 22(4) (2019) (Eng=
lish language version) has papers posted from the International Symposium o=
n Cretaceous Biota and K-Pg boundary, held in =C2=A0Jiayin, China.This jour=
nal has free pdfs.=C2=A0</div><div><br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofp=
oint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttp-3A__sjdz.jlu.edu.cn_Jwk-5Fsjdz-5Fen_CN_volumn_curr=
ent.shtml&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_g=
I&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1p=
bAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3D1-ojqKIPPbmg_gmqB4J7OooCPatOVuvQW_uU=
-WsbOuI&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">http://sjdz.jlu.edu.cn/Jwk_sjdz_en/CN/v=
olumn/current.shtml</a></div><div><br></div><div>*****</div><div>Of special=
 interest:</div><div><br></div><div>Dhananjay Mohabey, Bandana Samant, Anup=
 Dhobale &amp; Deepesh Kumar (2019)<br>Reptilian vertebrates from Deccan vo=
lcanic associated sediments of Malwa Plateau in context to reptiles across =
Maastrichtian-Paleogene volcanic eruptions in Main Deccan Volcanic Province=
, India.<br>Global Geology 22(4): 250-257 <br>DOI: =C2=A010.3969/j.issn.167=
3-9736.2019.04.03<br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=
=3Dhttp-3A__sjdz.jlu.edu.cn_Jwk-5Fsjdz-5Fen_EN_abstract_abstract8720.shtml&=
amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3D=
Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEy=
TzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3DQ1yyjrjRZ1HUlkfjPFVnQNDuhX0hypJSV-UqH8VMSpo&am=
p;e=3D">http://sjdz.jlu.edu.cn/Jwk_sjdz_en/EN/abstract/abstract8720.shtml</=
a></div><div><br><br>The enormous eruptive volume of India&#39;s Deccan con=
tinental flood basalts has been linked to global mass extinction at Cretace=
ous-Paleogene boundary and destablilisation of both marine and terrestrial =
ecosystems before and after the Chicxulub bolide impact. Deccan Volcanic Pr=
ovince (DVP) currently covers around 500 000 km2 of land between latitude 1=
5=C2=B010&#39;-24=C2=B030&#39;N and longitude 70=C2=B010-82=C2=B010&#39;E o=
ver central India towards the west coast. The pre-erosional volume is estim=
ated at around 1.6 million km3 which is one of the largest volcanic eruptio=
ns on the Earth. The Deccan lava flows in geographically separated areas in=
 DVP are considered to have separate sources and sites of eruptions and wer=
e outpoured in different magnetochrons viz. C30n to C28n of Maastrichtian t=
o Paleocene. The Deccan volcanic sequences (DVS) in different provinces are=
 associated with (i) sediments deposited before the arrival (Ground Zero) o=
f the first lava flows-designated as infratrappean or Lameta sediments and =
(ii) sediments between the lava flows deposited during the period of quiesc=
ence at different stratigraphic levels designated as intertrappean (interfl=
ow) sediments. The Ground Zero Lameta sediments are the major dinosaur bear=
ing sediments deposited in six inland basins viz. 1. Balasinor-Jhabua; 2. S=
agar; 3. Jabalpur; 4. Ambikapur-Amarkantak; 5. Salburdi; 6. Nand-Dongargaon=
. The sediments represent mainly the terrestrial ecosystems destabilised by=
 the volcanism and they record history of biotic and environmental changes =
impacted by the volcanism across the Deccan volcanic eruptions. The titanos=
aurs, crocodylimorphs and bothremydid turtles survived across the first flo=
ws in the region in the C30n. The skeletal remains of the surviving reptile=
s are preserved in the Deccan volcanic associated intertrappean lake sedime=
nts at different stratigraphic levels higher-up in the sequence. Locally, i=
n the Malwa region the Scincomorp and Anguimorph lizards make their first a=
ppearance during the earlier phase of volcanic eruptions in C30n wherein th=
eir well preserved bones are found in the intertrappean/inter lsva lake sed=
iments deposited between the lava flows. The lizard fauna is indicated to h=
ave better flourished after the initial Deccan eruptions possibly owing to =
increased humidity.</div><div><br>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D<br><br>Min Huh (2019)<br>Dinosaurs, birds and pterosaurs of Korea and g=
eological heritage protection.<br>Global Geology 22(4): 289-292 <br>DOI: 10=
.3969/j.issn.1673-9736.2019.04.07 <br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpo=
int.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttp-3A__sjdz.jlu.edu.cn_Jwk-5Fsjdz-5Fen_EN_abstract_abs=
tract8724.shtml&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7C=
Sfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0G=
hTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3D4T4Vtm0LhHxLr4yG98GpXgh-hB1_5E=
tp9RdDWL81nOc&amp;e=3D">http://sjdz.jlu.edu.cn/Jwk_sjdz_en/EN/abstract/abst=
ract8724.shtml</a></div><div><br></div><div><br>Republic of Korea (South Ko=
rea) is one of the richest and most exciting regions on earth for the study=
 of vertebrate ichnology. Very unique vertebrate fossils include dinosaurs,=
 bird tracks, pterosaurs were discovered from more important sites. New fin=
ds of dinosaur skeletal remains have increased the number and diversity of =
known Korean dinosaur taxa. Other fossils including dinosaur tooth and skin=
 impressions, pterosaur bonesand tooth, turtle bones and eggs, crocodile sk=
ull and tooth, lizard bone, wood fossils, and trace fossils. Many sites rev=
eal the highest density of bird and dinosaur track levels anywhere in the w=
orld. In South Korea there is a comprehensive system of national and provin=
cial parks as well as nearly 500 sites identified under national legislatio=
n as =E2=80=98naturalmonuments=E2=80=99, in which the Cretaceous sites are =
the most abundant, and the Mudeungsan National Geopark newly established wa=
s certificated as the UNESCO Global Geopark.<br></div><div><br></div><div>=
=3D=3D=3D=3D<br></div><div>=3D=3D=3D=3D</div><div><div><br></div><div>Pierr=
e Cockx, Ryan McKellar, Ralf Tappert, Matthew Vavrek &amp; Karlis Muehlenba=
chs (2020)<br>Bonebed amber as a new source of paleontological data: The ca=
se of the Pipestone Creek deposit (Upper Cretaceous), Alberta, Canada.<br>G=
ondwana Research (advance online publication)<br>doi: <a href=3D"https://ur=
ldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1016_j.gr.2019.12.0=
05&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=
=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8=
rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3D-nPp7eKSI7h7ZaQ9vRfNOXfBaaWEWkJ630Q5vqCpvKc=
&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2019.12.005</a> <=
br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.sc=
iencedirect.com_science_article_abs_pii_S1342937X20300198&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&am=
p;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl=
9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQH=
qDI&amp;s=3D18XePq4xjkJ6TcokWIqJW2ywsI1ZpA9eKZJPgg54BdM&amp;e=3D" target=3D=
"_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1342937X203=
00198</a><br><br>Highlights</div><div><br>Amber chemistry suggests cupressa=
ceous trees in Late Cretaceous high latitude.<br>Stable isotope analyses su=
ggest habitat distant from the Western Interior Seaway.<br>Relatively diver=
se arthropod, botanical, and vertebrate inclusions are present.<br><br>Abst=
ract</div><div><br>Amber deposits and dinosaur bonebeds provide some of the=
 most detailed sources of information on terrestrial ecosystems, but these =
sources have rarely been studied in tandem. The Pipestone Creek bonebed fro=
m the Campanian Wapiti Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides an opportunit=
y to explore both data sources in the same deposit for the first time. The =
site has yielded an exceptional fauna dominated by abundant remains of the =
centrosaurine ceratopsian Pachyrhinosaurus. The initial campaigns of excava=
tion in the 1980s led to the collateral discovery of amber, and the site be=
came the first published source of insect-bearing amber in a dinosaur boneb=
ed. Here we describe amber inclusions in detail and analyze the composition=
 and geochemistry of the amber (FTIR spectroscopy and stable isotope studie=
s) in order to draw paleoecological and paleoenvironmental inferences. We d=
escribe a feather fragment from an aquatic bird, as well as new species of =
Psocodea and Hymenoptera (Mymarommatidae) with ecological constraints. Inde=
terminate aphid and spider inclusions were also found, but preservation was=
 not sufficient for formal description. FTIR spectroscopy suggests a botani=
cal source among the Cupressaceae, while stable isotope data indicate that =
the resin-producing forest did not receive precipitation directly from the =
Western Interior Seaway. These initial results show that amber is a valuabl=
e source of additional information about the habitat surrounding the verteb=
rates found in bonebed deposits. Given the abundance and range of inclusion=
s encountered so far, Pipestone Creek amber also appears to be a promising =
new source for a relatively diverse Campanian amber assemblage.</div><div><=
br></div><div>=3D=3D=3D=3D</div><div><br></div><div>Katherine L. LONG, =C2=
=A0Donald R. PROTHERO &amp; Valerie J.P. SYVERSON (2020)<br>How do small bi=
rds evolve in response to climate change? Data from the long=E2=80=90term r=
ecord at La Brea tar pits.<br>Integrative Zoology (advance online publicati=
on)<br>doi: <a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3=
A__doi.org_10.1111_1749-2D4877.12426&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOV=
Igvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJg=
FW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3DDLMbdxXdx=
HFffVUNXdAs1BEcUo_fW5h1hrBs_br6kBA&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://doi.=
org/10.1111/1749-4877.12426</a><br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint=
.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__onlinelibrary.wiley.com_doi_10.1111_1749-2D4877.1=
2426&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp=
;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGW=
L8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3DH8DAnzD3bnyRMcKOrFb9VoGIkjqytsiW7HOgQ9bL4=
kE&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/=
1749-4877.12426</a><br><br>Biology textbooks describe the small changes in =
the beaks of the Gal=C3=A1pagos finches as exemplars of how birds evolve in=
 response to environmental changes. Yet recent studies of the abundant foss=
il birds at Rancho La Brea finds no evidence of evolutionary responses to t=
he dramatic climate changes of the glacial=E2=80=90interglacial cycle over =
the last 35,000 years: none of the large birds exhibit any change in body s=
ize or limb proportions, even during the last glacial maximum about 18,000=
=E2=80=9320,000 years ago, when the southern California chaparral was repla=
ced by snowy coniferous forests. But these are all large birds with large r=
anges and broad habitat preferences, capable of living in many different en=
vironments. Perhaps the smaller birds at La Brea, which have smaller home r=
anges and narrower habitats, might respond to climate more like Gal=C3=A1pa=
gos finches. The only three common small birds at La Brea are the Western M=
eadowlark, the Yellow=E2=80=90Billed Magpie, and the Raven. In this study, =
we demonstrate that these birds also show complete stasis over the last gla=
cial=E2=80=90interglacial cycle, with no statistically significant changes =
between dated pits. Recent research suggests that the small=E2=80=90scale c=
hanges over short time scales seen in the Gal=C3=A1pagos finches are merely=
 fluctuations around a stable morphology, and rarely lead to long=E2=80=90t=
erm accumulation of changes or speciation. Instead, the prevalence of stasi=
s supports the view that long=E2=80=90term directional changes in morpholog=
y are quite rare. While directional changes in morphology occur frequently =
over short (&lt;1ka) timescales, in the long term such changes only rarely =
remain stable for long enough to appear in the fossil record.<br></div><div=
><br></div><div>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D</div><div><br></div><div>Free pdf:</div><di=
v><br></div><div>Mairin A. Balisi, Abhinav K. Sharma, Carrie M. Howard, Chr=
istopher A. Shaw, Robert Klapper &amp; Emily L. Lindsey (2019)<br>Computed =
tomography reveals hip dysplasia in Smilodon: Implications for social behav=
ior in an extinct Pleistocene predator.<br>bioRxiv 2020.01.07.897348 <br>do=
i: <a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.or=
g_10.1101_2020.01.07.897348&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5B=
OUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp=
;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3DmdmFjmK_OaLU9fUCVA=
BK2sgEHtF--mzU-fymLKhLTI4&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://doi.org/10.11=
01/2020.01.07.897348</a><br><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2=
/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.biorxiv.org_content_10.1101_2020.01.07.897348v1&amp;=
d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_m=
O4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNq=
Je-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3D2V6ZQQhK6Z05iwERfSP9Fc9i4irSunMYw6-2zvRBcq4&amp;e=
=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.07.8=
97348v1</a></div><div><br></div><div><br><br>Reconstructing the behavior of=
 extinct species is challenging, particularly for those with no living anal=
ogues. However, damage preserved as paleopathologies on bone can record how=
 an animal moved in life, potentially reflecting patterns of behavior. Here=
, for the first time, we use computed tomography (CT) to assess hypothesize=
d etiologies of pathology in a pelvis and associated right femur of an adul=
t Smilodon fatalis saber-toothed cat, one of the best-studied mammal specie=
s from the Pleistocene-age Rancho La Brea asphalt seeps, Los Angeles, Calif=
ornia. The pelvis exhibits massive destruction of the right acetabulum that=
 previously was interpreted, for nearly a century, to have resulted from tr=
auma and infection. We evaluated this historical interpretation using CT im=
aging to supplement gross morphology in identifying symptoms of traumatic, =
infective, or degenerative arthritis. We found that the pathologic distorti=
ons are inconsistent with degenerative changes that started only later in l=
ife, as in the case of infective or traumatic arthritis. Rather, they chara=
cterize chronic remodeling that began at birth and led to degeneration of t=
he joint over time. These findings suggest that this individual suffered fr=
om hip dysplasia, a congenital condition common in domestic dogs and cats.<=
br><br>The individual examined in this study reached adulthood (at least fo=
ur to seven years of age) but never could have hunted properly nor defended=
 territory on its own. As such, this individual, and other critically patho=
logic Smilodon like it, likely survived to adulthood by association with a =
social group that assisted it with feeding and protection. The pathologic s=
pecimens examined here in detail are consistent with a spectrum of social s=
trategies in Smilodon supported by a predominance of previous studies. This=
 application of a relatively new and interdisciplinary technique to an old =
question therefore informs the longstanding debate between social and solit=
ary hypotheses for the behavior of an extinct predator.<br><br><br>=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D</div><div><br></div><div><br>Alexandre Ri=
beiro Cardoso, Guilherme Raffaeli Romero, Gabriel Ladeira Os=C3=A9s &amp; A=
fonso C=C3=A9sar Rodrigues Nogueira (2020)<br>Taphonomy of lacustrine fish =
fossils of the Parna=C3=ADba Basin, northeastern Brazil: Spatial and causat=
ive relations of Konservat Lagerst=C3=A4tten in West Gondwana during Jurass=
ic-Cretaceous.<br>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology: Articl=
e 109602 (advance online publication)<br>doi: <a href=3D"https://urldefense=
.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1016_j.palaeo.2020.109602&a=
mp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DR=
y_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyT=
zNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3DwBkR-A0XR4-3v9LrryNiljg6cAXY_XqbeIJf3ZPfA98&amp=
;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109602</a><b=
r><a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.sci=
encedirect.com_science_article_abs_pii_S0031018219309009&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp=
;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9=
MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHq=
DI&amp;s=3Dpo7Z3zgjCudOuXd2uBVwy4pjqDLVxMdVLejYOP0sA8s&amp;e=3D" target=3D"=
_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S003101821930=
9009</a></div><div><br></div><div><br>Highlights</div><div><br>Exceptionall=
y preserved fossils are evaluated through petrography and geochemistry.<br>=
Three-dimensional preservation of bone tissue allows proposing a new Lagers=
t=C3=A4tte.<br>CAMP-related magmatism and intensified chemical weathering t=
riggered eutrophication.<br>Similar location and geological data suggest cl=
usters of exceptional preservation.<br>Despite similar taphonomic pathways,=
 autogenic factors control fossil diagenesis.<br><br>Abstract</div><div><br=
>Fossil bonanzas called Konservat Lagerst=C3=A4tten provide geological wind=
ows to the ecology of ancient life communities. These deposits often occur =
as cluster of fossil localities with similar geographic locations, geologic=
al ages and facies, as the fossils were generally preserved during special =
periods and large-scale events in Earth history within environments with ex=
ceptional taphonomic conditions. This work applied petrological and geochem=
ical analyses to evaluate the taphonomic pathway of a Konservat Lagerst=C3=
=A4tten in the Muzinho Shale, Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous of the Parna=
=C3=ADba Basin, northeastern Brazil. These lacustrine deposits include inte=
rbedded limestones and fossiliferous black shales deposited in anoxic, non-=
euxinic and saline environment. Black shales contain articulated skeletons =
of fish fossils, characterised by three-dimensional preservation of the ske=
letal tissue. The polytypical assemblage includes diverse ontogenetic stage=
s and is concentrated in a specific stratigraphic level. Mass mortality was=
 triggered by anoxia probably established by stratified water column, high =
C flux and thermocline demise. The specimens are encased in kerogen-bearing=
 siliciclastic laminae and cementstone microfacies, both microbially-induce=
d. The fossils were cemented by eodiagenetic poikilotopic calcite that fill=
ed the skeletal articulation, including bone trabeculae and voids originall=
y filled by bone marrow. The short distance, similar fossil assemblages, ag=
es and coincident palaeoenvironments suggest that Muzinho Shale (Parna=C3=
=ADba Basin) and Crato Formation (Araripe Basin) compose a cluster of excep=
tional preservation in West Gondwana. Lava flows and outgassing related to =
the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) resulted in the subaereal exp=
osure of volcanic plains, acid rains and subsequent CO2 greenhouse crisis. =
CAMP-magmatism was especially voluminous in northern Brazilian basins, enha=
ncing nutrient-rich waters and lacustrine eutrophication due to intensified=
 chemical weathering in this area. Probably, other Konservat Lagerst=C3=A4t=
ten remain unreported in West Gondwana. Despite similar causative events, t=
he individual taphonomic pathways of Muzinho Shale and Crato Formation are =
very different, suggesting that in these cases local phenomena affected aut=
higenesis and diagenesis.<br></div><div><br></div><div>=3D=3D=3D=3D</div><d=
iv><br></div><div><br></div><div>Kate Andrzejewski &amp; Neil J. Tabor (202=
0)<br>and paleoclimatic reconstruction of Cretaceous (Aptian-Cenomanian) te=
rrestrial formations of Texas and Oklahoma using phyllosilicates.<br>Palaeo=
geography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology: Article 109491 (advance online=
 publication)<br>doi: <a href=3D"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=
=3Dhttps-3A__doi.org_10.1016_j.palaeo.2019.109491&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3Dcl=
K7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecR=
CKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;=
s=3DdYlUvzeYPp72EbrWcmYR4k7K47i8u1EsTeXTT2nJFDU&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank"=
>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109491</a><br><a href=3D"https://url=
defense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=3Dhttps-3A__www.sciencedirect.com_science_a=
rticle_abs_pii_S0031018219305073&amp;d=3DDwMFaQ&amp;c=3DclK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi=
0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=3DRy_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9S=
I&amp;m=3DW0rdt0GhTBv1pbAfGWL8rEyTzNqJe-H0I2tOxGQHqDI&amp;s=3DKAvWbK-albvUI=
VS9vO4ZgrXz7AKMGzDBsrXaUgC-vwk&amp;e=3D" target=3D"_blank">https://www.scie=
ncedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031018219305073</a></div><div><br><=
br>Highlights</div><div><br>Description of paleosols from Cretaceous format=
ions in Oklahoma and Texas<br>Chemical, mineralogic, and hydrogen-and oxyge=
n isotope data from pedogenic clays<br>Mean annual temperature estimates of=
 the Cretaceous using pedogenic clays<br>Temperature and precipitation esti=
mates show temporal shifts across the Cretaceous.<br><br>Abstract</div><div=
><br>Clay mineralogy, chemistry, and stable oxygen and hydrogen-isotope com=
positions of 11 phyllosilicate samples from Cretaceous paleosol profiles we=
re determined in order to evaluate Early-to-Late Cretaceous paleoenvironmen=
ts and paleoclimates around north-central Texas and southern Oklahoma. Samp=
les consist of mineralogical mixtures of illite, smectite, and kaolinite. S=
amples from the Albian Antlers Formation in southern Oklahoma and the Cenom=
anian Woodbine Formation are dominated by kaolinite, while the remaining sa=
mples are dominated by smectite and illite. Major element compositions of p=
aleosol matrix materials are used to calculate CALMAG weathering values tha=
t range from 31 to 84 and correspond to Cretaceous paleoprecipitation estim=
ates ranging from 270 to 1490=E2=80=AFmm/yr. Paleosol phyllosilicate hydrog=
en and oxygen stable isotope values range from =E2=88=9250=E2=80=B0 to =E2=
=88=9267=E2=80=B0 to 18.5=E2=80=B0 to 21.7=E2=80=B0, respectively, and in c=
onjunction with their respective mineral and chemical compositions, corresp=
ond to in-situ soil crystallization temperatures ranging from 26=E2=80=AF=
=C2=B1=E2=80=AF3=E2=80=AF=C2=B0C to 31=E2=80=AF=C2=B1=E2=80=AF=C2=B0C. Pale=
oprecipitation trends exhibit two marked increases in precipitation from th=
e Early to Late Cretaceous, in the Albian Antlers Formation and Cenomanian =
Woodbine Formation. Stratigraphic intervals with phyllosilicates that yield=
 cooler temperature estimates coincide with stratigraphic intervals with ma=
rkedly higher precipitation estimates based on CALMAG values. Importantly, =
cool, high precipitation intervals correlate with periods of extensive shal=
low seas upon the North American craton. Comparison of Cretaceous temperatu=
re, precipitation and meteoric water estimates to modern analogs supports t=
he presence of climates similar to modern tropical climates during the Cret=
aceous at subtropical or temperate paleolatitudes in what is now Texas and =
Oklahoma, consistent with general circulation models and energy balance mod=
els suggesting a pervading Cretaceous greenhouse.<br></div></div></div>

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