31.105, Calls: Sociolinguistics, Typology/Italy

The LINGUIST List via LINGUIST <linguist-JX7+OpRa80Qn2jlRhUkTdHtEO5hm4Jgk2LY78lusg7I@public.gmane.org> Wed, 8 Jan 2020 08:42:17 -0500 (EST)
Newsgroups gmane.science.linguistics.linguist-list
Message-ID <[email protected]>
TElOR1VJU1QgTGlzdDogVm9sLTMxLTEwNS4gV2VkIEphbiAwOCAyMDIwLiBJU1NOOiAxMDY5IC0g
NDg3NS4KClN1YmplY3Q6IDMxLjEwNSwgQ2FsbHM6IFNvY2lvbGluZ3Vpc3RpY3MsIFR5cG9sb2d5
L0l0YWx5CgpNb2RlcmF0b3I6IE1hbGdvcnphdGEgRS4gQ2F2YXIgKGxpbmd1aXN0QGxpbmd1aXN0
bGlzdC5vcmcpClN0dWRlbnQgTW9kZXJhdG9yOiBKZXJlbXkgQ29idXJuCk1hbmFnaW5nIEVkaXRv
cjogQmVjY2EgTW9ycmlzClRlYW06IEhlbGVuIEFyaXN0YXItRHJ5LCBFdmVyZXR0IEdyZWVuLCBT
YXJhaCBSb2JpbnNvbiwgUGVhY2UgSGFuLCBOaWxzIEhqb3J0bmFlcywgWWl3ZW4gWmhhbmcsIEp1
bGlhbiBEaWV0cmljaApKb2JzOiBqb2JzQGxpbmd1aXN0bGlzdC5vcmcgfCBDb25mZXJlbmNlczog
Y2FsbGNvbmZAbGluZ3Vpc3RsaXN0Lm9yZyB8IFB1YnM6IHB1YnNAbGluZ3Vpc3RsaXN0Lm9yZwoK
SG9tZXBhZ2U6IGh0dHA6Ly9saW5ndWlzdGxpc3Qub3JnCgpQbGVhc2Ugc3VwcG9ydCB0aGUgTEwg
ZWRpdG9ycyBhbmQgb3BlcmF0aW9uIHdpdGggYSBkb25hdGlvbiBhdDoKICAgICAgICAgICBodHRw
czovL2Z1bmRkcml2ZS5saW5ndWlzdGxpc3Qub3JnL2RvbmF0ZS8KCkVkaXRvciBmb3IgdGhpcyBp
c3N1ZTogRXZlcmV0dCBHcmVlbiA8ZXZlcmV0dEBsaW5ndWlzdGxpc3Qub3JnPgo9PT09PT09PT09
PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09PT09CgoK
RGF0ZTogV2VkLCAwOCBKYW4gMjAyMCAwODo0MToxOQpGcm9tOiBHdWdsaWVsbW8gSW5nbGVzZSBb
Z3VnbGllbG1vLmluZ2xlc2UwMUBhdGVuZW9wdi5pdF0KU3ViamVjdDogU29jaW9saW5ndWlzdGlj
cyBhbmQgTGluZ3Vpc3RpYyBUeXBvbG9neTogVG93YXJkcyBhbiBJbnRlZ3JhdGVkIEFwcHJvYWNo
IHRvIHRoZSBTdHVkeSBvZiBMaW5ndWlzdGljIFZhcmlhdGlvbiAoU0xJIDIwMjAgV29ya3Nob3Ap
CgogCkZ1bGwgVGl0bGU6IFNvY2lvbGluZ3Vpc3RpY3MgYW5kIExpbmd1aXN0aWMgVHlwb2xvZ3k6
IFRvd2FyZHMgYW4gSW50ZWdyYXRlZCBBcHByb2FjaCB0byB0aGUgU3R1ZHkgb2YgTGluZ3Vpc3Rp
YyBWYXJpYXRpb24gKFNMSSAyMDIwIFdvcmtzaG9wKSAKU2hvcnQgVGl0bGU6IFNMSSAyMDIwIAoK
RGF0ZTogMDktU2VwLTIwMjAgLSAxMS1TZXAtMjAyMApMb2NhdGlvbjogRmlyZW56ZSwgSXRhbHkg
CkNvbnRhY3QgUGVyc29uOiBHdWdsaWVsbW8gSW5nbGVzZQpNZWV0aW5nIEVtYWlsOiBndWdsaWVs
bW8uaW5nbGVzZTAxQGF0ZW5lb3B2Lml0CldlYiBTaXRlOiBodHRwczovL3d3dy5zbGkyMDIwLnVu
aWZpLml0LyAKCkxpbmd1aXN0aWMgRmllbGQocyk6IFNvY2lvbGluZ3Vpc3RpY3M7IFR5cG9sb2d5
IAoKQ2FsbCBEZWFkbGluZTogMjAtRmViLTIwMjAgCgpNZWV0aW5nIERlc2NyaXB0aW9uOgoKVGhl
IHdvcmtzaG9wIGlzIG9yZ2FuaXplZCB3aXRoaW4gdGhlIGFubnVhbCBjb25mZXJlbmNlIG9mIHRo
ZSBTb2NpZXTDoCBkaQpMaW5ndWlzdGljYSBJdGFsaWFuYSAoU0xJIDIwMjApIGFuZCBhaW1zIGF0
IGJyaW5naW5nIHRvZ2hldGhlciBzY2hvbGFycwp3b3JraW5nIG9uIGxpbmd1aXN0aWMgdmFyaWF0
aW9uIGZyb20gYSBzb2Npb2xpbmd1aXN0aWMgYW5kIGEgdHlwb2xvZ2ljYWwKcGVyc3BlY3RpdmUu
CgoKQ2FsbCBmb3IgUGFwZXJzOgoKQ29udmVub3JzOiBTaWx2aWEgQmFsbGFyw6ggKFVuaXZlcnNp
dMOgIGRpIFRvcmlubyksIEd1Z2xpZWxtbyBJbmdsZXNlIChLVQpMZXV2ZW4pLgoKVGhlIHdvcmtz
aG9wIHdpbGwgZXhwbG9yZSB0aGUgcmVsYXRpb24gYmV0d2VlbiBsYW5ndWFnZSBpbnRlcm5hbCBh
bmQKY3Jvc3MtbGluZ3Vpc3RpYyB2YXJpYXRpb24sIHdoaWNoIGhhdmUgdHJhZGl0aW9uYWxseSBi
ZWVuIHRoZSBtYWluIGNvbmNlcm4gb2YKdHdvIGJyYW5jaGVzIG9mIGxpbmd1aXN0aWNzOiB2YXJp
YXRpb25pc3Qgc29jaW9saW5ndWlzdGljcyBhbmQgbGluZ3Vpc3RpYwp0eXBvbG9neS4gSW4gc3Bp
dGUgb2YgdGhlaXIgc2ltaWxhciByZXNlYXJjaCBhZ2VuZGEsIHRoZSB0d28gYXBwcm9hY2hlcyBo
YXZlCm9ubHkgcmFyZWx5IGNvbnZlcmdlZCBpbiB0aGUgZGVzY3JpcHRpb24gYW5kIGludGVycHJl
dGF0aW9uIG9mIHZhcmlhdGlvbi4gCk92ZXIgdGhlIGxhc3QgZGVjYWRlcywgc2Nob2xhcnMgaGF2
ZSBvZnRlbiBkaXNjdXNzZWQgdGhlIHBvc3NpYmxlIG11dHVhbApiZW5lZml0cyBiZXR3ZWVuIHR5
cG9sb2d5IGFuZCBzb2Npb2xpbmd1aXN0aWNzIChlLmcuIEtvcnRtYW5uIDIwMDQsIFRydWRnaWxs
CjIwMTEpLiBXaGF0IHR5cG9sb2dpc3RzIG1heSBsZWFybiBmcm9tIHNvY2lvbGluZ3Vpc3RpY3Mg
aXMgdGhlIG9wcG9ydHVuaXR5IHRvCnRha2UgaW50byBhY2NvdW50IG5vbi1zdGFuZGFyZCB2YXJp
ZXRpZXMsIGFzIGl0IGhhcyBiZWVuIHNob3duIHRoYXQgY29tcGFyaXNvbgpiZXR3ZWVuIG5vbi1z
dGFuZGFyZCAob3JhbCkgdmFyaWV0aWVzIG1heSByZXZlYWwgdGhlIGV4aXN0ZW5jZSBvZiBzaW1p
bGFyaXRpZXMKZXZlbiBhY3Jvc3MgdHlwb2xvZ2ljYWxseSBkaXN0YW50IGxhbmd1YWdlcyAoZS5n
LiBBdWVyIDE5OTAsIEF1ZXIgJiBNYXNjaGxlcgoyMDEzLCBCYWxsYXLDqCAmIEluZ2xlc2UgMjAx
OSkuIEl0IGlzIGFsc28gaW1wb3J0YW50IHRvIG1lbnRpb24gdGhlIGluY3JlYXNpbmcKaW50ZXJl
c3QgaW4gdHlwb2xvZ3kgZm9yIGVtcGlyaWNhbCBkYXRhIChCb3Nzb25nIDE5ODUsIE11cmVsbGkg
JiBLb3J0bWFubgoyMDExLCBTZWlsZXIgMjAxOSkuIEEga2V5IHJvbGUgaGFzIGJlZW4gcGxheWVk
IGJ5IHRoZSBkb2N1bWVudGF0aW9uIG9mCmxhbmd1YWdlcyB3aXRob3V0IGEgd3JpdHRlbiB0cmFk
aXRpb24gKGNmLiBFcHBzIDIwMTApLCBhcyB3ZWxsIGJ5IHRoZQppbmNyZWFzaW5nIGF2YWlsYWJp
bGl0eSBvZiByaWNoIGFubm90YXRlZCBjcm9zcy1saW5ndWlzdGljIGNvcnBvcmEgKGNmLgpMZXZz
aGluYSAyMDE3KS4KCk9uIHRoZSBvdGhlciBoYW5kLCBzb2Npb2xpbmd1aXN0aWNzIGhhcyB3aXRu
ZXNzZWQgYSBmcnVpdGZ1bCBvcGVuaW5nIHRvCnR5cG9sb2dpY2FsIGNvbnNpZGVyYXRpb25zLiBB
cyBwZXIgQm9zc29uZyAoMTk5MTogMTQzKSDigJxicm9hZCB0eXBvbG9naWNhbApjb21wYXJpc29u
IFvigKZdIGlzIG5lY2Vzc2FyeSBpbiBvcmRlciB0byBiZSBhYmxlIHRvIGRlc2NyaWJlIHBoZW5v
bWVuYSBvZgpzaW5nbGUgbGFuZ3VhZ2Vz4oCdLiBJbiB0aGlzIHJlc3BlY3QsIG5vdGFibGUgYXJl
IHdvcmtzIGJ5IENoYW1iZXJzICgyMDA0LCAyMDA5KQpvbiB2ZXJuYWN1bGFyIHVuaXZlcnNhbHMg
YW5kIHRoZSBFbGVjdHJvbmljIFdvcmxkIEF0bGFzIG9mIFZhcmlldGllcyBvZgpFbmdsaXNoIDIu
MCAoS29ydG1hbm4gJiBMdW5rZW5oZWltZXIgMjAxMykuCgpDb25jZXJuaW5nIEl0YWxpYW4sIHNp
bmNlIHRoZSDigJg4MHMgdGhlIHRvb2xzIG9mIHR5cG9sb2d5IGhhdmUgYWxzbyBiZWVuCmFkb3B0
ZWQgdG8gYWNjb3VudCBmb3IgcGhlbm9tZW5hIG9mIGxhbmd1YWdlIGludGVybmFsIHZhcmlhdGlv
bi4KTW9ycGhvc3ludGFjdGljIGNvbnN0cnVjdGlvbnMgaGF2ZSBiZWVuIGFuYWx5emVkIHdpdGhp
biBhIHR5cG9sb2dpY2FsCmZyYW1ld29yayAoZS5nLiBCZXJyZXR0YSAxOTg5LCBCZXJydXRvIDE5
OTAsIEJlcm5pbmkgMTk5MiwgQ2VycnV0aSAyMDE3LApHcmFuZGkgMjAxOSksIGFuZCB0aGUgY29t
cGFyaXNvbiB3aXRoIHR5cG9sb2dpY2FsIG1vZGVscyBvZiBsYW5ndWFnZSBjaGFuZ2UKaGFzIGFs
bG93ZWQgdGhlIGFzc2Vzc21lbnQgb2YgdGhlIGRlZ3JlZSBvZiBncmFtbWF0aWNhbGl6YXRpb24g
b2YKY29uc3RydWN0aW9ucyBhY3Jvc3MgdmFyaWV0aWVzIG9mIEl0YWxpYW4gKGUuZy4gTW9yZXR0
aSAyMDA0LCBDZXJydXRpIDIwMDcsCkJhbGxhcsOoIGZvcnRoYy4pLgpJbiBzcGl0ZSBvZiB0aGUg
bnVtZXJvdXMgYmVuZWZpdHMgdGhhdCBtYXkgc3RlbSBmcm9tIGEgbW9yZSBpbnRlbnNlIGNvbnRh
Y3QKYmV0d2VlbiB0eXBvbG9neSBhbmQgc29jaW9saW5ndWlzdGljcywgYSBwcmluY2lwbGVkIGRp
c2N1c3Npb24gb24gaG93IHRoZSB0d28KZGlzY2lwbGluZXMgbWF5IGludGVyYWN0IGhhcyBub3Qg
eWV0IGJlZW4gY2FycmllZCBvdXQgaW4gYSBwcm9ncmFtbWF0aWMgd2F5LgpUaGUgZ29hbCBvZiB0
aGlzIHdvcmtzaG9wIGlzIHRvIGZ1cnRoZXIgc3RpbXVsYXRlIHN1Y2ggYSBkZWJhdGUuCgpUb3Bp
Y3MgdG8gYmUgYWRkcmVzc2VkIGluY2x1ZGUgKGJ1dCBhcmUgbm90IGxpbWl0ZWQgdG8pOgoKLSBU
aGUgbmF0dXJlIG9mIHZhcmlhdGlvbiBhbmQgdGhlIHJlbGF0aW9uc2hpcCBiZXR3ZWVuIGxhbmd1
YWdlIGludGVybmFsIGFuZApjcm9zcy1saW5ndWlzdGljIHZhcmlhdGlvbjsKLSBNZXRob2RzIGFu
ZCB0b29scyBmb3IgdGhlIHN0dWR5IG9mIHZhcmlhdGlvbjsKLSBBbmFseXNpcyBvZiBsYW5ndWFn
ZSBpbnRlcm5hbCB2YXJpYXRpb24gcGhlbm9tZW5hIGluIGxpZ2h0IG9mIHR5cG9sb2dpY2FsCmlu
c2lnaHRzOwotIFR5cG9sb2dpY2FsIHN0dWR5IHRoYXQgdGFrZSBpbnRvIGFjY291bnQgZW1waXJp
Y2FsIGRhdGEsIHdpdGggYSBmb2N1cyBvbgpzcG9rZW4gYW5kIHdyaXR0ZW4gY29ycG9yYS4gCgpT
dWJtaXNzaW9uIG9mIEFic3RyYWN0czoKCldlIHdlbGNvbWUgYWJzdHJhY3RzIGluIEl0YWxpYW4g
YW5kIEVuZ2xpc2ggdXAgdG8gNTAwIHdvcmRzIChyZWYuIGFuZCBleGFtcGxlcwpleGNsdWRlZCku
IEFic3RyYWN0cyBzaG91bGQgYmUgc2VudCBpbiAuZG9jLy5kb2N4IGZvcm1hdCB0byBTaWx2aWEg
QmFsbGFyw6gKKHNpbHZpYS5iYWxsYXJlQHVuaXRvLml0KSBhbmQgR3VnbGllbG1vIEluZ2xlc2UK
KGd1Z2xpZWxtby5pbmdsZXNlMDFAYXRlbmVvLnB2KSBieSAyMCBGZWJydWFyeSAyMDIwLiBQbGVh
c2UgaW5kaWNhdGUgdGhlIG5hbWUKb2YgdGhlIGF1dGhvcnMsIHRoZWlyIGFmZmlsaWF0aW9uLCBh
bmQgdGhlIGNvbnRhY3Qgb2YgdGhlIGNvcnJlc3BvbmRpbmcKYXV0aG9yKHMpLiAKQWJzdHJhY3Rz
IHdpbGwgYmUgZXZhbHVhdGVkIGJ5IHRoZSB3b3Jrc2hvcOKAmXMgc2NpZW50aWZpYyBjb21taXR0
ZWUuCk5vdGlmaWNhdGlvbiBvZiBhY2NlcHRhbmNlIHdpbGwgYmUgYnkgMzEgTWFyY2ggMjAyMC4g
SW4gb3JkZXIgdG8gdGFrZSBwYXJ0IGluCnRoZSB3b3Jrc2hvcCwgcHJlc2VudGVycyBtdXN0IGFs
c28gYmUgbWVtYmVycyBvZiBTTEkuCgpGb3IgaW5mb3JtYXRpb24gYW5kIGZvciB0aGUgQ2ZQcyBp
biBJdGFsaWFuIHBsZWFzZSByZWZlciB0bwpodHRwczovL3d3dy5zb2NpZXRhZGlsaW5ndWlzdGlj
YWl0YWxpYW5hLm5ldC93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAxOS8xMi9ib2xsZXQKdGlub18zXzIw
MTlfZGVmLnBkZgoKCgoKLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0t
LS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tCgoqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioq
KioqKioqKiogICAgTElOR1VJU1QgTGlzdCBTdXBwb3J0ICAgICoqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioqKioq
KioqKioqKgogVGhlIDIwMTkgRnVuZCBEcml2ZSBpcyB1bmRlciB3YXkhIFBsZWFzZSB2aXNpdCBo
dHRwczovL2Z1bmRkcml2ZS5saW5ndWlzdGxpc3Qub3JnCiAgdG8gZmluZCBvdXQgaG93IHRvIGRv
bmF0ZSBhbmQgY2hlY2sgaG93IHlvdXIgdW5pdmVyc2l0eSwgY291bnRyeSBvciBkaXNjaXBsaW5l
CiAgICAgcmFua3MgaW4gdGhlIGZ1bmQgZHJpdmUgY2hhbGxlbmdlcy4gT3IgZ28gZGlyZWN0bHkg
dG8gdGhlIGRvbmF0aW9uIHNpdGU6CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIGh0dHBzOi8vaXVmb3VuZGF0aW9u
LmZ1bmRseS5jb20vdGhlLWxpbmd1aXN0LWxpc3QtMjAxOQoKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAg
ICAgTGV0J3MgbWFrZSB0aGlzIGEgc2hvcnQgZnVuZCBkcml2ZSEKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIFBs
ZWFzZSBmZWVsIGZyZWUgdG8gc2hhcmUgdGhlIGxpbmsgdG8gb3VyIGNhbXBhaWduOgogICAgICAg
ICAgICAgICAgICAgIGh0dHBzOi8vZnVuZGRyaXZlLmxpbmd1aXN0bGlzdC5vcmcvZG9uYXRlLwog
CgoKLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0t
LS0tLQpMSU5HVUlTVCBMaXN0OiBWb2wtMzEtMTA1CQotLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0t
LS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tCgoKCl9fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19f
X19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fCkxJTkdVSVNUIG1haWxpbmcgbGlzdCwgIFNldHRp
bmdzIGFuZCBVbnN1YnNjcmliZSBhdDoKaHR0cDovL2xpc3RzZXJ2Lmxpbmd1aXN0bGlzdC5vcmcv
bWFpbG1hbi9saXN0aW5mby9saW5ndWlzdAo=