Re: Getting UTF-16 encoding on dynamic content regardless of output content type

Cédric,

On 3/29/22 12:06, Cédric Damioli wrote:
> Could you provide more details ?
> How is your XML processed before outputting the wrong UTF-8 sequence ?

It's somewhat straightforward:

<map:match pattern="/foo">
   <map:generate src="https://source/" />

   <map:transform src="stuff-to-cincludes.xsl" />

   <map:transform src="other-stuff-to-cincludes.xsl" />

   <map:transform type="cinclude" />

   <map:transform src="my-big-transformer-to-xhtml.xsl" />

   <map:transform type="cinclude" /><!-- Yes, another one -->

   <map:transform type="i18n" />

   <map:transform src="strip-namespaces.xsl" /><!-- This is mine, not 
Cocoons ->

   <map:serialize type="xhtml" />
</map:match>

The xhtml serializer is the default, with encoding set to UTF-8. The 
HTTP response has "Content-Type: text/html" and the document itself 
contains:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

and

<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type" />

So I think everything is configured correctly; it's just that those 
characters are getting mangled by something. I can try to cut-out some 
of those steps and see where it's happening.

I seem to remember being able to give each pipeline step a "marker" or 
something where you can say "stop after step 3" or whatever instead of 
having to chop-out configuration. Can you remind me or what that is again?

Thanks,
-chris

> Le 29/03/2022 à 17:48, Christopher Schultz a écrit :
>> All,
>>
>> I'm still struggling with this. I have upgraded to 2.1.13 which 
>> includes the fix for https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/COCOON-2352 
>> but I'm still getting that American flag converted into those 4 HTML 
>> entities:
>>
>> &#55356;&#56826;&#55356;&#56824;
>>
>> I would expect there to be a single (multibyte) character in the 
>> output with no HTML entities.
>>
>> I've double-checked, and the source XML contains the flag as a single 
>> multi-byte character, served as UTF-8.
>>
>> Any ideas for how to get this working? I'm sure I could put together a 
>> trivial test-case.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> -chris
>>
>> On 10/30/18 12:18, Christopher Schultz wrote:
>>> All,
>>>
>>> Some additional information at the end.
>>>
>>> On 10/30/18 11:58, Christopher Schultz wrote:
>>>> All,
>>>
>>>> I'm attempting to do everything with UTF-8 in Cocoon 2.1.11. I have
>>>> a servlet generating XML in UTF-8 encoding and I have a pipeline
>>>> with a few transforms in it, ultimately serializing to XHTML.
>>>
>>>> If I have a Unicode character in the XML which is outside of the
>>>> BMP, such as this one: 🇺🇸  (that's an American flag, in case your
>>>> mail reader doesn't render it correctly), then I end up getting a
>>>> series of bytes coming from Cocoon after the transform that look
>>>> like UTF-16.
>>>
>>>> Here's what's in the XML:
>>>
>>>> <first-name>Test🇺🇸</first-name>
>>>
>>>> Just like that. The bytes in the message for the flag character
>>>> are:
>>>
>>>> f0  9f  87  ba  f0  9f  87  b8
>>>
>>>> When rendering that into XHTML, I'm getting this in the output:
>>>
>>>> Test&#55356;&#56826;&#55356;&#56824;
>>>
>>>> The American flag in Unicode reference can be found here:
>>>> https://apps.timwhitlock.info/unicode/inspect?s=%F0%9F%87%BA%F0%9F%87%
>>> B8
>>>
>>>>   You can see it broken down a bit better here for "Regional U":
>>>> http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/1f1fa/index.htm
>>>
>>>> and "Regional S":
>>>> http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/1f1f8/index.htm
>>>
>>>> What's happening is that some component in Cocoon has decided to
>>>> generate HTML entities instead of just emitting the character.
>>>> That's okay IMO. But what it does doesn't make sense for a UTF-8
>>>> output encodin g.
>>>
>>>> The first two entities "&#55356;&#56826;" are the decimal numbers
>>>> that represent the UTF-16 character for that "Regional Indicator
>>>> Symbol Letter U" and they are correct... for UTF-16. If I change
>>>> the output encoding from UTF-8 to UTF0-16, then the browser will
>>>> render these correctly. Using UTF-8, they show as four of those
>>>> ugly [?] characters on the screen.
>>>
>>>> I had originally just decided to throw up my hands and use UTF-16
>>>> encoding even though it's dumb. But it seems that MSIE cannot be
>>>> convinced to use UTF-16 no matter what, and I must continue to
>>>> support MSIE. :(
>>>
>>>> So it's back to UTF-8 for me.
>>>
>>>> How can I get Cocoon to output that character (or "those
>>>> characters") correctly?
>>>
>>>> It needs to be one of the following:
>>>
>>>> &#127482;&#127480; (HTML decimal entities)
>>>> &#x1f1fa;&#x1f1f8;             (HTML hex entities) f0 9f  87  ba
>>>> f0  9f  87  b8 (raw UTF-8 bytes)
>>>
>>>> Does anyone know how/where this conversion is being performed ion
>>>> Cocoon? Probably in a XHTML serializer (I'm using
>>>> org.apache.cocoon.serialization.XMLSerializer). I'm using
>>>> mime-type "text/html" and <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> in my sitemap
>>>> for that serializer (the one named "xhtml"). I believe I've mads
>>>> very few changes from the default, if any.
>>>
>>>> I haven't yet figured out how to get from what Java sees (\uE50C
>>>> for the "S" for example) to &#x1f1f8;, but knowing where the code
>>>> is that is making that decision would be very helpful.
>>>
>>>> Any ideas?
>>>
>>>> -chris
>>>
>>> I created a text file (UTF-8) containing only the flag and read it in
>>> using Java and printed all of the code points. There should be 2
>>> "characters" in the file. It's 4 bytes per UTF-8 character so I
>>> assumed I'd end up with 2 'char' primitives in the file, but I ended
>>> up with more.
>>>
>>> Here's the loop and the output:
>>>
>>>          try(java.io.FileReader in = new java.io.FileReader("file.txt"))
>>> {
>>>              char[] chars = new char[10];
>>>
>>>              int count = in.read(chars);
>>>
>>>              for(int i=0; i<count; ++i)
>>>                  System.out.println("Code point at " + i + " is " +
>>> Integer.toHexString(Character.codePointAt(chars, i)));
>>>
>>>          } catch (Exception e) {
>>>              e.printStackTrace();
>>>          }
>>>
>>> == output ==
>>>
>>> Code point at 0 is 1f1fa
>>> Code point at 1 is ddfa
>>> Code point at 2 is 1f1f8
>>> Code point at 3 is ddf8
>>> Code point at 4 is a
>>>
>>> So Java thinks there are 4 things there, not 2. That could be a part
>>> of the confusion. The code points shown for indexes 0 and 2 are the
>>> "correct" ones. Those at indexes 1 and 3 should actually be *skipped*.
>>>
>>> So, to render this string as an HTML numeric entity, we'd do something
>>> like this:
>>>
>>> String str = // this is the input
>>>
>>> for(int i=0; i<str.length(); ++i) {
>>>    int cp = Character.codePointAt(chars, i);
>>>
>>>    out.print("&#x");
>>>    out.print(Integer.toHexString(cp));
>>>    out.println(';');
>>>
>>>    // Skip any trailing "characters" that are actually a part of this 
>>> one
>>>    if(1 < Character.charCount(cp))
>>>      i += Character.charCount(cp) - 1;
>>> }
>>>
>>> Using the above code is completely encoding-agnostic, because it's
>>> describing the Unicode code point and not some set of bytes in a
>>> particular flavor of UTF-x.
>>>
>>> -chris
>>
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