Re: IBM - New SUB-Nanometer STACKED Chip

On Wed, 8 Jul 2026 12:05:56 +0200, Carlos E. R. wrote:

> On 2026-07-08 09:46, Lawrence D’Oliveiro wrote:
>>
>> On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 22:09:52 -0400, Paul wrote:
>>
>>> Historically, we've made good use of quantum mechanical
>>> "tunneling", which is finding a way underneath energy barriers.
>>
>> Transistors wouldn’t work without that.
>>
>> Heck, even vacuum tubes wouldn’t work without tunnelling.
>
> Huh? Not sure I ever heard of that. Maybe my memory is failing.

Both depend on energy barriers which, in classical terms, the
particles can either cross freely if they are below a critical point,
or get completely blocked from crossing if the barrier is even
slightly above that point.

But by regulating that energy barrier, you can modulate the amount of
particle current that crosses it, over a continuous range from off to
low to high, as opposed to completely off versus completely on. This
only works because of quantum theory.