cvs: phpdoc-he /language operators.xml
[email protected] ("Noam Giladi") Wed, 30 Jul 2003 10:00:02 -0000
| Newsgroups | php.doc.he |
|---|---|
| Message-ID | <cvsnoam1059559202@cvsserver> |
noam Wed Jul 30 06:00:02 2003 EDT
Added files:
/phpdoc-he/language operators.xml
Log:
init operators
noam-20030730060002.txt
(text/plain, 22.5 KB)
Index: phpdoc-he/language/operators.xml
+++ phpdoc-he/language/operators.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="window-1255"?>
<chapter id="language.operators">
<title>àåôøèåøéí</title>
<simpara>
</simpara>
<sect1 id="language.operators.precedence">
<title>÷ãéîåú àåôøèåøéí</title>
<para>ñãø ÷ãéîåú äàåôøèåøéí ÷åáò îä éçåùá ìôðé îä ááéèåé øá àåôøèåøéí, ìîùì ááèåé:
<literal>1 +
5 * 3</literal>äúùåáä úäéä<literal>16</literal>åìà<literal>18</literal> îëéååï ùäàåôøèåø (*) ÷åãí ìàåôøèåø (+), îáçéðä îúîèéú. áî÷øéí ùøåöéí ìëôåú ÷ãéîåú ðéúï ìäùúîù áñåâøééí ìîùì: <literal>(1 + 5) * 3</literal>ðåúï<literal>18</literal>.
</para>
<para>áèáìä äáàä îñåãøéí äàåôøèåøéí ìôé ñãø ä÷ãéîåú ùìäí, îäçìù ìçæ÷.
<table>
<title>÷ãéîåú àåôøèåøéí</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>Associativity</entry>
<entry>Operators</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>,</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>or</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>xor</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>and</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>right</entry>
<entry>print</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>right</entry>
<entry>
= += -= *= /= .= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>=
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>? :</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>||</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>&&</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>|</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>^</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>&</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>non-associative</entry>
<entry>== != === !==</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>non-associative</entry>
<entry>< <= > >=</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry><< >></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>+ - .</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>left</entry>
<entry>* / %</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>right</entry>
<entry>! ~ ++ -- (int) (float) (string) (array) (object) @</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>right</entry>
<entry>[</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>non-associative</entry>
<entry>new</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</para>
<note>
<para>
ìîøåú ùìàåôøèåø<literal>!</literal>éù æëåú ÷ãéîä òì äàåôøèåø<literal>=</literal>, PHP îøùä áéèåééí ëîå<literal>if (!$a = foo())</literal>,ëùäúåöàä ùîçåùáú ááéèåé <literal>foo()</literal> îåùîú ìîùúðä<varname>$a</varname>.
</para>
</note>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.arithmetic">
<title>àåôøèåøéí îúîèééí</title>
<simpara>äúðäâåú äàåôøèåøéí æää ìîä ùìîãú ááéú ñôø éñåãé</simpara>
<table>
<title>àåôøèåøéí îúîèééí</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ãåâîä</entry>
<entry>ùí </entry>
<entry>úåöàä</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>$a + $b</entry>
<entry>çéáåø</entry>
<entry>äñëåí ùì $a å $b</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a - $b</entry>
<entry>çéñåø</entry>
<entry>ääáãì áéï $a å $b.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a * $b</entry>
<entry>ëôì</entry>
<entry>äîëôìä ùì $a å $b.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a / $b</entry>
<entry>çéìå÷</entry>
<entry>äîðä ùì $a å $b.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a % $b</entry>
<entry>îåãåìå</entry>
<entry>äùàøéú ùì $a îçéìå÷ ò"é $b.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<simpara>àåôøèåø äçéìå÷ ("/") îçæéø òøê îñåâ òùøåðé áëì î÷øä, àôéìå äçéìå÷ äåà áéï ùðé îñôøéí ùìîéí )int). </simpara>
<simpara>øàä âí àú äîãøéê òì <link linkend="ref.math">ôåð÷öéåú îúîèéåú</link>.
</simpara>
<!--
<simpara>
The division operator ("/") returns an integer value (the result
of an integer division) if the two operands are integers (or
strings that get converted to integers) and the quotient is an
integer. If either operand is a floating-point value, or the
operation results in a non-integer value, a floating-point value
is returned.
</simpara>
-->
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.assignment">
<title>àåôøèåø äùîä</title>
<simpara>àåôøèåø ääùîä äáñéñé äåà "=". àì úúáìáì áéï àåôøèåø ääùîä, ìàåôøèåø "==" (ùååä ì-). äîùîòåú ùì àåôøèåø ääùîä äéà, ùäàåôøðã îöéãå äùîàìé ùì äàåôøèåø, î÷áì àú äòøê ùéù ìàåôøðã îöéãå äéîðé ùì äàåôøèåø.
</simpara>
<para>äòøê ùì áéèåé äùîä äåà äòøê äîåùí ëìåîø , äòøê ùì äáéèåé "$a = 3" äåà 3.
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
$a = ($b = 4) + 5; // $a ùååä ì 9 òëùéå, å $b ð÷áò ë 4.
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<para>áðåñó ìàåôøèåø ääùîä äáñéñ éùðí ùéìåáé àåøôèåøéí ðåñôéí , ìëì äôòåìåú äîúîèéåú äáéðàøéåú, åôòåìåú áîçøåæåú. ìãåâîà: <informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
$a = 3;
$a += 5; // ÷åáò àú $a ì 8, åî÷áéì ìáéèåé: $a = $a + 5;
$b = "Hello ";
$b .= "There!"; // ÷åáò àú $b ì "Hello There!",åî÷áéì ìáéèåé: $b = $b . "There!";
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<para>ùéí ìá , äùîä îòúé÷ä àú äòøê ùì äîùúðä ìîùúðä äçãù
(assignment by value), ëê ùùéðåé òøëå ùì àçã äîùúðéí ìà îùôéò òì äîùúðä äàçø . PHP 4 úåîëú âí áäùîú òøê ò"ô ää÷ùø ( assignment
by reference(, ò"é ùéîåù á:<computeroutput>$var =
&$othervar;</computeroutput> îä ùìà àôùøé á - PHP 3. äùîä ò"ô ä÷ùø ôøåùä, îöá ùáå ùðé îùúðéí, îöáéòéí òì àåúå ðúåï ,åàéï äòú÷ä ùì äðúåï, øàä âí:<link linkend="language.references">äùîä ò"ô ä÷ùø</link>.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.bitwise">
<title>àåôøèåøéí áéðàøééí</title>
<simpara>àåôøèåøéí áéðàøééí îàôùøéí ìê ìùðåú îöá ùì áéèéí ñôöéôééí áîùúðä ùìí (integer), àí ùðé äàåôøðãéí äí îñåâ îçøåæú äôòåìä úúáöò òì äáéèéí áîçøåæú.
</simpara>
<para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
<?php
echo 12 ^ 9; // Outputs '5'
echo "12" ^ "9"; // Outputs the Backspace character (ascii 8)
// ('1' (ascii 49)) ^ ('9' (ascii 57)) = #8
echo "hallo" ^ "hello"; // Outputs the ascii values #0 #4 #0 #0 #0
// 'a' ^ 'e' = #4
?>
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<table>
<title>Bitwise Operators</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ãåâîà</entry>
<entry>ùí</entry>
<entry>úåöàä</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>$a & $b</entry>
<entry>åâí</entry>
<entry>áéèéí ùãåì÷éí á- $a å âí á- $b ðùàøéí ãåì÷éí.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a | $b</entry>
<entry>àå</entry>
<entry>áéèéí ùãåì÷éí àå á- $a àå á- $b ðãì÷éí.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a ^ $b</entry>
<entry>Xor</entry>
<entry>áéèéí ùãåì÷éí á-$a àå á- $b àáì ìà áùðéäí áéçã, ðùàøéí ãåì÷éí.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>~ $a</entry>
<entry>Not</entry>
<entry>áéèéí ùãåì÷éí á- $a ðëáéí åáéèéí ùäéå ëáåééí, ðãì÷éí.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a << $b</entry>
<entry>äæçä ùîàìä</entry>
<entry>äææä ùì äáéèéí á- $a, $b öòãéí ùîàìä. (ùååä ìäëôìä áùúééí òáåø ëì äæçä).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a >> $b</entry>
<entry>äæçä éîéðä</entry>
<entry>äææä ùì äáéèéí á- $a, $b öòãéí éîéðä. (ùååä ìçìå÷ä áùúééí òáåø ëì äæçä).</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.comparison">
<title>àåôøèåøé äùååàä</title>
<simpara>àåôøèåøé äùåàä îàôùøéí ìê ìäùååú áéï ùðé òøëéí.<link linkend="types.comparisons">èáìú àåôøèåøé äùåàä</link>. ëîä îàåôøèåøé ääùååàä</simpara>
<table>
<title>àåôøèåøé äùååàä</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ãåâîà</entry>
<entry>ùí</entry>
<entry>úåöàä</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>$a == $b</entry>
<entry>ùååä</entry>
<entry>àí $a ùååä ì - $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a === $b</entry>
<entry>æäåú</entry>
<entry>àí $a ùååä ì- $b, åäí îàåúå èéôåñ ðúåðéí. &true; (PHP 4 only)
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a != $b</entry>
<entry>ùåðä</entry>
<entry>àí $a ìà ùååä ì- $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a <> $b</entry>
<entry>ìà ùååä</entry>
<entry> àí $a ìà ùååä ì- $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a !== $b</entry>
<entry>ìà æää</entry>
<entry>
àí $aìà ùååä ì- $b, àå ùäí îèéôåñ ðúåðéí ùåðä &true;. (PHP 4 only)
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a < $b</entry>
<entry>ôçåú î-</entry>
<entry> àí $a áôøåù ÷èï î- $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a > $b</entry>
<entry>âãåì î-</entry>
<entry> àí $a áôøåù âãåì î- $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a <= $b</entry>
<entry>÷èï ùååä</entry>
<entry>àí $a ÷èï àå ùååä ì- $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a >= $b</entry>
<entry>âãåì ùååä </entry>
<entry>àí $a âãåì àå ùååä ì- $b &true;.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>àåôøèåø úðàé ðåñó äåà äàåôøèåø äîùåìù
"?:" .<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
<?php
// ãåâîà ìùéîåù áàåôøèåø äîùåìù
$action = (empty($_POST['action'])) ? 'default' : $_POST['action'];
// æää ìùéîåù áúðàé if-else
if (empty($_POST['action'])) {
$action = 'default';
} else {
$action = $_POST['action'];
}
?>
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>äáéèåé<literal>(áéèåé 1) ? (áéèåé2) : (áéèåé 3)</literal>î÷áéì ì- àå ù (áéèåé 2) áî÷øä å(áéèåé 1) àîú ,àå ù (áéèåé 3) áî÷øä å (áéèåé 1) äéðå ù÷ø. if
</para>
<para>øàä âí<function>strcasecmp</function>,
<function>strcmp</function>åäîãøéê òì<link linkend="language.types">èéôåñéí</link>.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.errorcontrol">
<title>àåôøèåøéí ìèéôåì áùâéàåú</title>
<simpara>
PHP úåîëú áàåôøèåø àçã ìùìéèä òì ùâéàåú, àåôøèåø äùèøåãì, (@). ëàùø îöøôéí ìúçéìú áéèåé àú äàåôøèåø, ëì äåãòú ùâéàä ùäáéèåé ééöø ,äîòøëú úúòìí îîðä.</simpara>
<simpara>àí úëåðú<link linkend="ini.track-errors">track_errors</link>îàåôùøú, ëì äåãòú ùâéàä îäáéèåé úéùîø áîùúðä <link linkend="reserved.variables.phperrormsg">$php_errormsg</link>.
ëì äåãòä ðåñôú îåç÷ú àú ääåãòä ä÷åãîú áîùúðä, ìëï àí àúä øåöä ìùúîù áå , òìéê ìáãå÷ àú úåëðå áä÷ãí.
</simpara>
<para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
<?php
/* èòåú îëååðú áôúéçú ÷åáõ */
$my_file = @file ('non_existent_file') or
die ("Failed opening file: error was '$php_errormsg'");
// äàåôøèåø òåáã òì ëì ñåâé äáéèåééí , åìà ø÷ òì ôåð÷öéåú
$value = @$cache[$key];
//. ìà úéåöø äåãòú ùâéàä , àôéìå àí äàéðã÷ñ àéðå ÷ééí
?>
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<note>
<simpara>äàåôøèåø
@ òåáã ø÷ òì
<link linkend="language.expressions">áéèåééí</link> . ëìì ôùåè : àí àúä éëåì ì÷çú àú äòøê ùì äáéèåé, àúä éëåì ìöøó ìå àú àåôøèåø äùâéàä. ìîùì îùúðéí, áéèåééí, ôåð÷öéåú, åëå' . ìà ðéúï ìäåñéó àú äàåôøèåø ìäâãøú ôåð÷öéåú åîçì÷åú, àå ìîáðéí åúðàéí ëîå <literal>if</literal>å<literal>foreach</literal>åëå'.</simpara>
</note>
<simpara>
øàä âí<function>error_reporting</function>åäîãøéê ì<link linkend="ref.errorfunc">èéôåì áùâéàåú åôåð÷öéåú úéòåã.</link>.
</simpara>
<note>
<para>àåôøèåø äùâéàä -
"@" , ìà îåðò äöâú äåãòú ùâéàú ÷éîôåì.
</para>
</note>
<warning>
<para>ðëåï ìòëùéå àåôøèåø äùâéàä
"@" , îðèøì âí äåãòåú ùâéàä ÷øéèéåú, ùòìåìåú ìäôñé÷ øéöä ùì ñ÷øéôèéí, æä àåîø ùàí úùúîù áàåôøèåø ìðèøì ôåð÷öéåú, ùìà éäéå æîéðåú, àå ùäéúä ùâéàú ä÷ìãä á÷øéàä ìäí, äñ÷øéôè éîåú áìé ìúú ùåí àéðã÷öéä ìîä.
</para>
</warning>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.execution">
<title>àåôøèåøé äôòìä</title>
<para>
PHP úåîëú áàåôøèåø äôòìä àçã -îøëà - (``).
PHP úðñä ìäôòéì àú ä÷åã ùáéï äîøëàåú ëîå ô÷åãú îòèôú ùì îòøëú ääôòìä, . ùéîåù áàåôøèåø æää ìùéîåù áôåð÷öéä
<function>shell_exec</function>.
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
$output = `ls -al`;
echo "<pre>$output</pre>";
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<note>
<para>
äàåôøèåø îðåèøì ëùäîòøëú áîöá &safemode;
àå ëùäôåð÷öéä<function>shell_exec</function>îðåèøìú.</para>
</note>
<para>øàä âí àú äîãøéê òì<link linkend="ref.exec">ôåð÷öéåú îòøëú </link>, <function>popen</function>
<function>proc_open</function>å<link linkend="features.commandline">ùéîåù á - PHP î ùåøú äô÷åãä.</link>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.increment">
<title>àåôøèåøé äåñôä åäôçúä.</title>
<para>
PHP úåîëú áàåôøèåøéí ìäåñôä åìäôçúä ëîå áùôú C .
</para>
<table>
<title>àåôøèåøé äåñôä åäôçúä.</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ãåâîà</entry>
<entry>ùí</entry>
<entry>úåöàä</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>++$a</entry>
<entry>äòìä ìôðé</entry>
<entry>îòìä àú äòøê ùì - $a áàçã, åàæ îçæéø àú - $a.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a++</entry>
<entry>äòìä àçøé</entry>
<entry>îçæéø àú $a,åàæ îòìä àú äòøê ùì $a áàçã.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>--$a</entry>
<entry>äôçú ìôðé</entry>
<entry>îôçéú àú äòøê ùì $a áàçã, åàæ îçæéø àú $a.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a--</entry>
<entry>äôçú àçøé</entry>
<entry>îçæéø àú $a, åàæ îòìä àú äòøê ùì $a áàçã.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>ñ÷øéôè ãåâîà ÷öø<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
<?php
echo "<h3>Postincrement</h3>";
$a = 5;
echo "Should be 5: " . $a++ . "<br />\n";
echo "Should be 6: " . $a . "<br />\n";
echo "<h3>Preincrement</h3>";
$a = 5;
echo "Should be 6: " . ++$a . "<br />\n";
echo "Should be 6: " . $a . "<br />\n";
echo "<h3>Postdecrement</h3>";
$a = 5;
echo "Should be 5: " . $a-- . "<br />\n";
echo "Should be 4: " . $a . "<br />\n";
echo "<h3>Predecrement</h3>";
$a = 5;
echo "Should be 4: " . --$a . "<br />\n";
echo "Should be 4: " . $a . "<br />\n";
?>
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<para>PHP äåìëú áùéèä ùì
Perl's áèéôåì áôòåìåú ùì àåôøèåøéí îúîèééí òì àåúéåú, áðéâåã ìùéèä ùì ùôú C. ìãåâîä: 'Z'+1 éäôåê ì-
'AA', áòåã ùá - C 'Z'+1 éäôåê ì - '[' ( ord('Z') == 90, ord('[') == 91 ). ùéí ìá ùàôùø ìäòìåú òøê ùì àåú àáì ìà ìäôçéú àåúå.
<example>
<title>Arithmetric Operations on Character Variables</title>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
<?php
$i = 'W';
for($n=0; $n<6; $n++)
echo ++$i . "\n";
/*
äúåöàä úéøàä ëëä :
X
Y
Z
AA
AB
AC
*/
?>
]]></programlisting>
</example>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.logical">
<title>àåôøèåøéí ìåâééí</title>
<table>
<title>àåôøèåøéí ìåâééí</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ãåâîä</entry>
<entry>ùí </entry>
<entry>úåöàä</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>$a and $b</entry>
<entry>åâí</entry>
<entry>&true; àí âí $a åâí $b òøëí &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a or $b</entry>
<entry>àå</entry>
<entry>&true; àí àå $a àå $bòøëí &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a xor $b</entry>
<entry>Xor</entry>
<entry>&true; àí àå $a àå $bòøëí &true;, àáì ìà ùðéäí.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>! $a</entry>
<entry>ùìéìä</entry>
<entry>&true; àí $a òøëå ìà &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a && $b</entry>
<entry>åâí</entry>
<entry>&true; àí âí $a åâí $b òøëí &true;.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>$a || $b</entry>
<entry>àå</entry>
<entry>&true; àí àå $a àå $bòøëí &true;.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<simpara>äñéáä ìëê ùéù ùðé öåøåú ùåðåú ìëúåá àú àåúå àåôøèåø äéà, ùéù äáãì áæëåú ä÷ãéîä áéï ùðé öåøåú äëúéáä. (øàä
<link linkend="language.operators.precedence">÷ãéîåú àåôøèåøéí</link>.)
</simpara>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.string">
<title>àåøôèåøéí ùòåáãéí òì îçøåæåú</title>
<simpara>éù ùðé àåôøèåøéí ùòåáãéí òì îçøåæåú. àåôøèåø äùéøùåø ('.'), ùîçæéø ùéøùåø ùì äàøâåîðè îéîéðå òí äàøâåîðè ùîùîàìå, åàåôøèåø äùîú äùéøùåø ('.='), ùîùéí àú äòøê ùì äàøâåîðè ùîéîéðå ìàøâåîðè ùîùîàìå. ÷øà âí<link linkend="language.operators.assignment">àåôøèåøé äùîä</link>ìîéãò ðåñó.</simpara>
<para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
$a = "Hello ";
$b = $a . "World!"; // òëùéå äòøê ùì - $b äåà "Hello World!"
$a = "Hello ";
$a .= "World!"; // òëùéå äòøê ùì $a äåà "Hello World!"
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
<para>øàä âí àú äîãøéê òì <link linkend="language.types.string">ñåâé îçøåæåú</link> and
<link linkend="ref.strings">ôåð÷öéåú ùì îçøåæåú</link>.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.operators.array">
<title>àåôøèåøéí òì îòøëéí</title>
<simpara>÷ééí ø÷ àåôøèåø îòøê àçã á PHP , äàåôøèåø<literal>+</literal>. ùîöøó àú äîòøê ùîùîàìå ìîòøê ùîéîéï ìå. áî÷øä ùéù îôúçåú æäéí, äàåôøèåø éçæéø àú äòøëéí ùì äîôúçåú áîòøê äùîàìé, ëìåîø àéï øîéñú îéãò áîôúçåú æäéí.
</simpara>
<para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
$a = array("a" => "apple", "b" => "banana");
$b = array("a" =>"pear", "b" => "strawberry", "c" => "cherry");
$c = $a + $b;
var_dump($c);
]]></programlisting>
</informalexample>äñ÷øéôè éçæéø àú äúåöàä äáàä <screen role="php"><![CDATA[
array(3) {
["a"]=>
string(5) "apple"
["b"]=>
string(6) "banana"
["c"]=>
string(6) "cherry"
}
]]></screen>
</para>
<para>øàä âí àú äîãøéê òì <link linkend="language.types.array">ñåâé îòøëéí</link>å<link linkend="ref.array">ôåð÷öéåú ùì îòøëéí</link>.
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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