[GIT-PULLS] [php-src] PR #23201: Bound the HEIF meta box allocation by the file size

[email protected] (iliaal)
Newsgroups php.git-pulls
Message-ID <Hw2e1YElU4P3O3pqNp2g5pi19VMdUKlOg2WyOkAxYXc@main.internal.php.net>
Pull Request: https://github.com/php/php-src/pull/23201
Author: iliaal

`exif_scan_HEIF_header()` takes the meta box size straight from the file and allocates it with only a lower bound of 36, so a 37-byte HEIF claiming a 128MB box forces that allocation before a single byte is read. `memory_limit` stops it, so this is hardening rather than a vulnerability, but the same block already bounds its second allocation by `pos.size < ImageInfo->FileSize` and the first one should match.

```php
$ftyp = pack("N", 20) . "ftypheic" . str_repeat("\x00", 8);
$meta = pack("N", 0x08000000) . "meta" . str_repeat("\x00", 8);
file_put_contents("t.heic", $ftyp . $meta . "\x00");
exif_read_data("t.heic");
```

With memory_limit=32M that is "Allowed memory size of 33554432 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 134217720 bytes)" from a 37-byte file. PHP-8.4 has no HEIF parser, so this starts at 8.5.
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