UTF-8 Japanese goes into MySQL OK, comes out question marks

OK, this is officially driving me nuts.

In phpMyAdmin, I can see the Japanese text in the db. By sending the
query SET NAMES 'utf8' before inserting data, I can get my own PHP
scripts to input correctly.

However, in my PHP scripts the Japanese text is coming out of the DB
as question marks. Static Japanese text on the page is OK, so it's not
a problem with the browser font.

PHP 5.2.2, MySQL 4.13-beta-standard

php.ini:
mbstring.detect_order = auto
mbstring.encoding_translation	= On
mbstring.func_overload	= 0
mbstring.http_input = auto
mbstring.http_output  = UTF-8
mbstring.internal_encoding = UTF-8
mbstring.language = Neutral
mbstring.script_encoding  = none
mbstring.strict_detection   = Off
mbstring.substitute_character = none

/etc/my.cfg
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
init-connect=SET NAMES 'utf8'
collation_server=utf8_unicode_ci
character_set_server=utf8
default-character-set=utf8

Thanks,

Rich