[PATCH V2 1/8] i3c: master: Fix recursive locking during device registration

Adrian Hunter <[email protected]> Tue, 28 Jul 2026 18:53:01 +0300
Newsgroups org.infradead.lists.linux-i3c,org.kernel.vger.linux-kernel,org.kernel.vger.linux-pci,org.kernel.vger.linux-pm
Organization Intel Finland Oy, Registered Address: c/o Alberga Business Park, 6 krs, Bertel Jungin Aukio 5, 02600 Espoo, Business Identity Code: 0357606 - 4, Domiciled in Helsinki
Message-ID <[email protected]>
i3c_master_register_new_i3c_devs() registers newly discovered devices
while holding i3c_bus_normaluse_lock(), a down_read().  device_register()
can immediately probe the device, and probe callbacks typically invoke
I3C helpers that take i3c_bus_normaluse_lock() again, leading to a
recursive acquisition of the same rwsem.  rwsems do not support recursive
read locking and can deadlock when a writer is waiting.  See the
"Recursive read locks" section of Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.rst.

For example, with Intel LPSS I3C, LOCKDEP generates a WARNING like:
  # echo intel-lpss-i3c.0 > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/mipi-i3c-hci/unbind
  # echo intel-lpss-i3c.0 > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/mipi-i3c-hci/bind
  WARNING: possible recursive locking detected
  kworker/5:1/94 is trying to acquire lock:
  ffff88811c810d78 (&i3cbus->lock){++++}-{4:4}, at: i3c_device_match_id+0x45/0x370
  but task is already holding lock:
  ffff88811c810d78 (&i3cbus->lock){++++}-{4:4}, at: i3c_master_reg_work_fn+0x21/0x5f0

Fix this by separating device creation from device registration.
Populate desc->dev under the maintenance lock, collect the devices that
still need registration into a local list, then release the lock before
calling device_register().  Finally retake the lock and clean up any
devices that failed to register.

Use the maintenance lock rather than the normal-use lock while adding
device objects.  A write-side maintenance lock prevents readers from
observing a partially initialized desc->dev during initial device
population, or desc->dev disappearing if registration fails.

The local list requires a list node, so add a list node member to struct
i3c_device.

Fixes: 3a379bbcea0a ("i3c: Add core I3C infrastructure")
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <[email protected]>
---


Changes in V2:

	New patch


 drivers/i3c/master.c       | 45 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 include/linux/i3c/master.h |  2 ++
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/i3c/master.c b/drivers/i3c/master.c
index fd3e79d10c84..874f6e11b296 100644
--- a/drivers/i3c/master.c
+++ b/drivers/i3c/master.c
@@ -1973,12 +1973,21 @@ static int i3c_master_early_i3c_dev_add(struct i3c_master_controller *master,
 static void
 i3c_master_register_new_i3c_devs(struct i3c_master_controller *master)
 {
+	struct i3c_device *i3cdev, *tmp;
 	struct i3c_dev_desc *desc;
+	LIST_HEAD(i3c_unreg_devs);
 	int ret;
 
 	if (!master->init_done)
 		return;
 
+	i3c_bus_maintenance_lock(&master->bus);
+
+	if (master->shutting_down) {
+		i3c_bus_maintenance_unlock(&master->bus);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	i3c_bus_for_each_i3cdev(&master->bus, desc) {
 		if (desc->dev || !desc->info.dyn_addr || desc == master->this)
 			continue;
@@ -1999,25 +2008,37 @@ i3c_master_register_new_i3c_devs(struct i3c_master_controller *master)
 		if (desc->boardinfo)
 			desc->dev->dev.of_node = desc->boardinfo->of_node;
 
-		ret = device_register(&desc->dev->dev);
-		if (ret) {
-			dev_err(&master->dev,
-				"Failed to add I3C device (err = %d)\n", ret);
-			desc->dev->desc = NULL;
-			put_device(&desc->dev->dev);
-			desc->dev = NULL;
-		}
+		list_add_tail(&desc->dev->node, &i3c_unreg_devs);
+	}
+
+	i3c_bus_maintenance_unlock(&master->bus);
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(i3cdev, tmp, &i3c_unreg_devs, node) {
+		ret = device_register(&i3cdev->dev);
+		if (ret)
+			dev_err(&master->dev, "Failed to add I3C device (err = %d)\n", ret);
+		else
+			list_del_init(&i3cdev->node);
+	}
+
+	i3c_bus_maintenance_lock(&master->bus);
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(i3cdev, tmp, &i3c_unreg_devs, node) {
+		list_del(&i3cdev->node);
+		desc = i3cdev->desc;
+		i3cdev->desc = NULL;
+		put_device(&i3cdev->dev);
+		desc->dev = NULL;
 	}
+
+	i3c_bus_maintenance_unlock(&master->bus);
 }
 
 static void i3c_master_reg_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
 {
 	struct i3c_master_controller *master = container_of(work, typeof(*master), reg_work);
 
-	i3c_bus_normaluse_lock(&master->bus);
-	if (!master->shutting_down)
-		i3c_master_register_new_i3c_devs(master);
-	i3c_bus_normaluse_unlock(&master->bus);
+	i3c_master_register_new_i3c_devs(master);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/include/linux/i3c/master.h b/include/linux/i3c/master.h
index 4d2a68793324..fa1c98f0f5c1 100644
--- a/include/linux/i3c/master.h
+++ b/include/linux/i3c/master.h
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ struct i3c_dev_desc {
  *	  every time the I3C device is rediscovered with a different dynamic
  *	  address assigned
  * @bus: I3C bus this device is attached to
+ * @node: unregistered device list node
  *
  * I3C device object exposed to I3C device drivers. The takes care of linking
  * this object to the relevant &struct_i3c_dev_desc one.
@@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ struct i3c_device {
 	struct device dev;
 	struct i3c_dev_desc *desc;
 	struct i3c_bus *bus;
+	struct list_head node;
 };
 
 /*
-- 
2.53.0


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