[PATCH bpf-next v5 06/14] bpf: Track verifier reference diagnostic events

Add reference acquire and release events to diagnostic history so Resource
Lifetime Safety reports can show the lifetime of a specific reference id along
the path.

Record acquisitions after the verifier assigns the reference id. Record
releases only after release_reference_nomark() succeeds, including the
kptr_xchg RCU conversion path and owning-to-non-owning conversion path that
consume an owning reference.

Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <[email protected]>
---
 kernel/bpf/diagnostics.c | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/bpf/diagnostics.h |  2 ++
 kernel/bpf/verifier.c    | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 3 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.c b/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.c
index 2e8e75815581..ddeaff1e90b7 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.c
@@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ struct bpf_diag_reg_snapshot {
 enum bpf_diag_history_kind {
 	BPF_DIAG_HISTORY_BRANCH,
 	BPF_DIAG_HISTORY_MOD,
+	BPF_DIAG_HISTORY_REF_ACQUIRE,
+	BPF_DIAG_HISTORY_REF_RELEASE,
 };
 
 struct bpf_diag_history_event {
@@ -119,6 +121,9 @@ struct bpf_diag_history_event {
 			u8 reason;
 			bool origin_valid;
 		} mod;
+		struct {
+			u32 ref_id;
+		} ref;
 	};
 };
 
@@ -1021,3 +1026,26 @@ void bpf_diag_record_scrub_stack(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 			diag_stack_range_target(state->diag_frame_id, state->frameno, min_off, max_off),
 			reason, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 }
+
+static void diag_record_ref(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 insn_idx, u8 kind, u32 ref_id)
+{
+	struct bpf_diag_history_event event = {
+		.insn_idx = insn_idx,
+		.kind = kind,
+		.ref = {
+			.ref_id = ref_id,
+		},
+	};
+
+	diag_append_history(env, &event);
+}
+
+void bpf_diag_record_ref_acquire(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 insn_idx, u32 ref_id)
+{
+	diag_record_ref(env, insn_idx, BPF_DIAG_HISTORY_REF_ACQUIRE, ref_id);
+}
+
+void bpf_diag_record_ref_release(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 insn_idx, u32 ref_id)
+{
+	diag_record_ref(env, insn_idx, BPF_DIAG_HISTORY_REF_RELEASE, ref_id);
+}
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.h b/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.h
index c4e44b86e89d..d17b498a3f66 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.h
+++ b/kernel/bpf/diagnostics.h
@@ -43,5 +43,7 @@ void bpf_diag_record_scrub(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, const struct bpf_reg_st
 void bpf_diag_record_scrub_stack(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 				 const struct bpf_func_state *state, s16 min_off, s16 max_off,
 				 enum bpf_diag_mod_reason reason);
+void bpf_diag_record_ref_acquire(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 insn_idx, u32 ref_id);
+void bpf_diag_record_ref_release(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 insn_idx, u32 ref_id);
 
 #endif /* __BPF_DIAGNOSTICS_H */
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index a5929e40f18d..8e32fa5fa30a 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -205,7 +205,8 @@ struct bpf_verifier_stack_elem {
 #define BPF_PRIV_STACK_MIN_SIZE		64
 
 static int acquire_reference(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, int parent_id);
-static int release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_state *state, int id);
+static int __release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_state *state, int id);
+static int release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int id);
 static int release_reference(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int id);
 static void invalidate_non_owning_refs(struct bpf_verifier_env *env);
 static void invalidate_rcu_protected_refs(struct bpf_verifier_env *env);
@@ -1418,6 +1419,7 @@ static int acquire_reference(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int insn_idx, int par
 	s->type = REF_TYPE_PTR;
 	s->id = ++env->id_gen;
 	s->parent_id = parent_id;
+	bpf_diag_record_ref_acquire(env, insn_idx, s->id);
 	return s->id;
 }
 
@@ -9017,7 +9019,7 @@ static void mark_pkt_end(struct bpf_verifier_state *vstate, int regn, bool range
 		reg->range = AT_PKT_END;
 }
 
-static int release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_state *state, int id)
+static int __release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_state *state, int id)
 {
 	int i;
 
@@ -9032,6 +9034,16 @@ static int release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_state *state, int id)
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
+static int release_reference_nomark(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int id)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = __release_reference_nomark(env->cur_state, id);
+	if (!err)
+		bpf_diag_record_ref_release(env, env->insn_idx, id);
+	return err;
+}
+
 static int idstack_push(struct bpf_idmap *idmap, u32 id)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -9074,8 +9086,10 @@ static int release_reference(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int id)
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	if (find_reference_state(vstate, id))
-		WARN_ON_ONCE(release_reference_nomark(vstate, id));
+	if (find_reference_state(vstate, id)) {
+		err = release_reference_nomark(env, id);
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(err);
+	}
 
 	while ((id = idstack_pop(idstack))) {
 		/*
@@ -9164,7 +9178,9 @@ static int ref_convert_alloc_rcu_protected(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 id)
 	struct bpf_reg_state *reg;
 	int err;
 
-	err = release_reference_nomark(env->cur_state, id);
+	err = release_reference_nomark(env, id);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	bpf_for_each_reg_in_vstate(env->cur_state, state, reg, ({
 		if (reg->id != id)
@@ -11757,8 +11773,10 @@ static void ref_convert_owning_non_owning(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 id)
 {
 	struct bpf_func_state *unused;
 	struct bpf_reg_state *reg;
+	int err;
 
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(release_reference_nomark(env->cur_state, id));
+	err = release_reference_nomark(env, id);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(err);
 
 	bpf_for_each_reg_in_vstate(env->cur_state, unused, reg, ({
 		if (reg->id == id) {
@@ -15890,7 +15908,7 @@ static void mark_ptr_or_null_regs(struct bpf_verifier_state *vstate, u32 regno,
 		 * No one could have freed the reference state before
 		 * doing the NULL check.
 		 */
-		WARN_ON_ONCE(release_reference_nomark(vstate, id));
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(__release_reference_nomark(vstate, id));
 
 	bpf_for_each_reg_in_vstate(vstate, state, reg, ({
 		mark_ptr_or_null_reg(state, reg, id, is_null);
-- 
2.53.0