Re: [PATCH bpf-next v2 3/6] bpf: Reject a store through a fault prone pointer

On Fri, 2026-08-14 at 23:52 +0200, Daniel Borkmann wrote:
> check_ptr_to_btf_access() allows the program to store before the default
> BTF access path gets to reject a non read access. ac65c710cc64 ("bpf:
> Reject writes through untrusted BTF pointers") closed that for a
> PTR_UNTRUSTED pointer, but a bare PTR_TO_BTF_ID may fault on a dereference
> just the same and is let through.
> 
> A BPF_LDX gets the BPF_PROBE_MEM rewrite in bpf_convert_ctx_accesses()
> and a bad address is handled, but a BPF_STX does not and cannot, there
> is no probed store to rewrite. The store is emitted as a plain one without
> an exception table entry and a bad address panics the kernel.
> 
> A bpf_qdisc program can reach this, bpf_qdisc_btf_struct_access() permits a
> write to Qdisc::limit and Qdisc::next_sched is a plain struct Qdisc pointer
> which the walk turns into the compat type:
> 
>   struct Qdisc *next = sch->next_sched;
> 
>   next->limit = 1000;
> 
>   BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000014
>   RIP: 0010:bpf_prog_c6e14e7f32c8e325_bpf_fifo_enqueue+0x3a/0x12b
>   Code: [...] bf e8 03 00 00 <89> 7e 14 41 8b 7f 14 [...]
>   Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt
> 
> Fix by widen the check to bpf_may_fault_on_deref() so that it covers both.
> 
> Fixes: 27ae7997a661 ("bpf: Introduce BPF_PROG_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS")
> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <[email protected]>
> ---
>  v1 -> v2:
>    - new patch
> 
>  kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
> index 2e6992569187..6610e2437047 100644
> --- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
> +++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
> @@ -5789,7 +5789,7 @@ static int check_ptr_to_btf_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
>  		return -EACCES;
>  	}
>  
> -	if (atype != BPF_READ && (type_flag(reg->type) & PTR_UNTRUSTED)) {
> +	if (atype != BPF_READ && bpf_may_fault_on_deref(reg->type)) {

The change is correct, but it appears that the if condition could be
simplified as just 'atype != BPF_READ'.
The function is named check_ptr_to_btf_access() and it is only called
when reg->type == PTR_TO_BTF_ID.

>  		verbose(env, "only read is supported\n");
>  		return -EACCES;
>  	}