[PATCH 09/19] s390/dasd: Add range-based format-track collision detection

Stefan Haberland <[email protected]> Wed, 5 Aug 2026 13:16:02 +0200
Newsgroups org.kernel.vger.linux-block,org.kernel.vger.linux-s390
Message-ID <[email protected]>
Replace the single per-device format_entry slot with an array of 16
slots so multiple format requests can be in flight at once, and extend
struct dasd_format_entry with a start_trk/end_trk/cqr range (replacing
the single track field).

Rewrite test_and_set_format_track() to scan the array for range overlaps
instead of a trkcount snapshot, honour the early-collision flag, and
return the allocated slot to the caller.

Add dasd_req_conflict() and extend dasd_return_cqr_cb() to mark in-flight
data CQRs that overlap a just-completed format range, so the next
test_and_set_format_track() detects the conflict early.

Remove the now-obsolete trkcount snapshot in dasd_start_IO().

The detection added here only becomes active together with the
WRITE_FULL_TRACK ESE format handler later in the series: that patch routes
the format request through dasd_return_cqr_cb() (so completion runs the
overlap hook with cqr->format set) and records each request's
start_trk/end_trk range. Until then the array and the conflict check are in
place but dormant.

Reviewed-by: Jan Höppner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Haberland <[email protected]>
---
 drivers/s390/block/dasd.c      | 29 ++++++++++++----
 drivers/s390/block/dasd_eckd.c | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 drivers/s390/block/dasd_int.h  | 19 +++++++++--
 3 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/s390/block/dasd.c b/drivers/s390/block/dasd.c
index 761d559101a9..243dec4b4484 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/block/dasd.c
+++ b/drivers/s390/block/dasd.c
@@ -1402,13 +1402,6 @@ int dasd_start_IO(struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr)
 		if (!cqr->lpm)
 			cqr->lpm = dasd_path_get_opm(device);
 	}
-	/*
-	 * remember the amount of formatted tracks to prevent double format on
-	 * ESE devices
-	 */
-	if (cqr->block)
-		cqr->trkcount = atomic_read(&cqr->block->trkcount);
-
 	if (cqr->cpmode == 1) {
 		rc = ccw_device_tm_start(device->cdev, cqr->cpaddr,
 					 (long) cqr, cqr->lpm);
@@ -2880,6 +2873,28 @@ static void __dasd_process_block_ccw_queue(struct dasd_block *block,
 
 static void dasd_return_cqr_cb(struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr, void *data)
 {
+	struct dasd_ccw_req *temp_cqr;
+	struct dasd_block *block;
+
+	/* only format CQRs are candidates */
+	if (!cqr->block || unlikely(!cqr->format))
+		goto out;
+
+	block = cqr->block;
+	/*
+	 * Mark in-flight (IN_IO) CQRs that overlap this just-completed format
+	 * range so they re-check in test_and_set_format on completion; FILLED
+	 * or QUEUED CQRs re-check the format_list on their next round anyway.
+	 */
+	list_for_each_entry(temp_cqr, &block->ccw_queue, blocklist) {
+		if (temp_cqr != cqr &&
+		    temp_cqr->status != DASD_CQR_FILLED &&
+		    temp_cqr->status != DASD_CQR_QUEUED &&
+		    dasd_req_conflict(cqr, temp_cqr)) {
+			WRITE_ONCE(temp_cqr->collision, true);
+		}
+	}
+out:
 	dasd_schedule_block_bh(cqr->block);
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/s390/block/dasd_eckd.c b/drivers/s390/block/dasd_eckd.c
index 8a1eac8aa63e..be54c356dc24 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/block/dasd_eckd.c
+++ b/drivers/s390/block/dasd_eckd.c
@@ -3151,32 +3151,44 @@ static int dasd_eckd_format_device(struct dasd_device *base,
 					     0, NULL);
 }
 
-static bool test_and_set_format_track(struct dasd_format_entry *to_format,
-				      struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr)
+static bool test_and_set_format_track(sector_t start, sector_t end,
+				      struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr,
+				      struct dasd_block *block,
+				      struct dasd_device *device,
+				      struct dasd_format_entry **entry)
 {
-	struct dasd_block *block = cqr->block;
-	struct dasd_format_entry *format;
+	struct dasd_format_entry *to_format, *format;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	bool rc = false;
+	int i = 0;
 
+	/* marked as a collision by dasd_return_cqr_cb last round: retry */
+	if (cqr && READ_ONCE(cqr->collision)) {
+		WRITE_ONCE(cqr->collision, false);
+		return true;
+	}
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&block->format_lock, flags);
-	if (cqr->trkcount != atomic_read(&block->trkcount)) {
-		/*
-		 * The number of formatted tracks has changed after request
-		 * start and we can not tell if the current track was involved.
-		 * To avoid data corruption treat it as if the current track is
-		 * involved
-		 */
+	while (i < DASD_NR_FORMAT_ENTRIES &&
+	       READ_ONCE(device->format_entry[i].cqr))
+		i++;
+
+	if (i >= DASD_NR_FORMAT_ENTRIES) {
 		rc = true;
 		goto out;
 	}
+
 	list_for_each_entry(format, &block->format_list, list) {
-		if (format->track == to_format->track) {
+		if (!(end < format->start_trk || format->end_trk < start)) {
 			rc = true;
 			goto out;
 		}
 	}
+	to_format = &device->format_entry[i];
+	to_format->start_trk = start;
+	to_format->end_trk = end;
+	to_format->cqr = cqr;
 	list_add_tail(&to_format->list, &block->format_list);
+	*entry = to_format;
 
 out:
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&block->format_lock, flags);
@@ -3184,13 +3196,13 @@ static bool test_and_set_format_track(struct dasd_format_entry *to_format,
 }
 
 static void clear_format_track(struct dasd_format_entry *format,
-			      struct dasd_block *block)
+			       struct dasd_block *block)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&block->format_lock, flags);
-	atomic_inc(&block->trkcount);
 	list_del_init(&format->list);
+	format->cqr = NULL;
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&block->format_lock, flags);
 }
 
@@ -3212,8 +3224,8 @@ static struct dasd_ccw_req *
 dasd_eckd_ese_format(struct dasd_device *startdev, struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr,
 		     struct irb *irb)
 {
+	struct dasd_format_entry *format = NULL;
 	struct dasd_eckd_private *private;
-	struct dasd_format_entry *format;
 	struct format_data_t fdata;
 	unsigned int recs_per_trk;
 	struct dasd_ccw_req *fcqr;
@@ -3232,7 +3244,6 @@ dasd_eckd_ese_format(struct dasd_device *startdev, struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr,
 	private = base->private;
 	blksize = block->bp_block;
 	recs_per_trk = recs_per_track(&private->rdc_data, 0, blksize);
-	format = &startdev->format_entry;
 
 	first_trk = blk_rq_pos(req) >> block->s2b_shift;
 	sector_div(first_trk, recs_per_trk);
@@ -3249,9 +3260,9 @@ dasd_eckd_ese_format(struct dasd_device *startdev, struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr,
 			      curr_trk, first_trk, last_trk);
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 	}
-	format->track = curr_trk;
+
 	/* test if track is already in formatting by another thread */
-	if (test_and_set_format_track(format, cqr)) {
+	if (test_and_set_format_track(curr_trk, curr_trk, cqr, block, startdev, &format)) {
 		/* this is no real error so do not count down retries */
 		cqr->retries++;
 		return ERR_PTR(-EEXIST);
@@ -3263,17 +3274,28 @@ dasd_eckd_ese_format(struct dasd_device *startdev, struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr,
 	fdata.intensity = private->uses_cdl ? DASD_FMT_INT_COMPAT : 0;
 
 	rc = dasd_eckd_format_sanity_checks(base, &fdata);
-	if (rc)
+	if (rc) {
+		if (format)
+			clear_format_track(format, block);
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * We're building the request with PAV disabled as we're reusing
 	 * the former startdev.
 	 */
 	fcqr = dasd_eckd_build_format(base, startdev, &fdata, 0);
-	if (IS_ERR(fcqr))
+	if (IS_ERR(fcqr)) {
+		if (format)
+			clear_format_track(format, block);
 		return fcqr;
+	}
 
+	if (format) {
+		/* occupancy marker; the free-slot scan reads it with READ_ONCE */
+		WRITE_ONCE(format->cqr, fcqr);
+		fcqr->format = format;
+	}
 	fcqr->callback = dasd_eckd_ese_format_cb;
 	fcqr->callback_data = (void *) format;
 
diff --git a/drivers/s390/block/dasd_int.h b/drivers/s390/block/dasd_int.h
index cab16907ea5a..b342237b84de 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/block/dasd_int.h
+++ b/drivers/s390/block/dasd_int.h
@@ -545,9 +545,17 @@ struct dasd_profile {
 	spinlock_t lock;
 };
 
+/*
+ * concurrent ESE format ranges in flight; also caps a WRITE_FULL_TRACK's
+ * track count, which the LRE track bitmask limits to 16
+ */
+#define DASD_NR_FORMAT_ENTRIES	16
+
 struct dasd_format_entry {
 	struct list_head list;
-	sector_t track;
+	struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr;
+	sector_t start_trk;
+	sector_t end_trk;
 };
 
 struct dasd_device {
@@ -617,7 +625,7 @@ struct dasd_device {
 	struct dentry *debugfs_dentry;
 	struct dentry *hosts_dentry;
 	struct dasd_profile profile;
-	struct dasd_format_entry format_entry;
+	struct dasd_format_entry format_entry[DASD_NR_FORMAT_ENTRIES];
 	struct kset *paths_info;
 	struct dasd_copy_relation *copy;
 	unsigned long aq_mask;
@@ -834,6 +842,13 @@ static inline void *dasd_get_callback_data(struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr)
 	return cqr->callback_data;
 }
 
+static inline bool dasd_req_conflict(struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr1,
+				     struct dasd_ccw_req *cqr2)
+{
+	return !(cqr1->format->end_trk < cqr2->start_trk ||
+		 cqr2->end_trk < cqr1->format->start_trk);
+}
+
 /* externals in dasd.c */
 #define DASD_PROFILE_OFF	 0
 #define DASD_PROFILE_ON 	 1
-- 
2.53.0