PERFORCE change 11779 for review

[email protected] (Chris Nandor) Tue, 28 Aug 2001 23:41:19 -0400
Newsgroups perl.perl5.changes.mac
Message-ID <p05100312b7b214bc4f8e@[10.0.1.177]>
Change 11779 by pudge@pudge-mobile on 2001/08/29 02:23:11

	Add Mac version of xsubpp as separate file

Affected files ...

... //depot/maint-5.6/macperl/macos/Makefile.mk#5 edit
... //depot/maint-5.6/macperl/macos/xsubpp#1 add

Differences ...

==== //depot/maint-5.6/macperl/macos/Makefile.mk#5 (text) ====
Index: perl/macos/Makefile.mk
--- perl/macos/Makefile.mk.~1~	Tue Aug 28 20:30:06 2001
+++ perl/macos/Makefile.mk	Tue Aug 28 20:30:06 2001
@@ -201,12 +201,15 @@
 
 .PHONY : translators sitelib_install
 
-all: PLib Obj miniperl $(private) $(plextract) $(public) dynlibrary runperl extrlibrary
+all: PLib Obj xsubppdup miniperl $(private) $(plextract) $(public) dynlibrary runperl extrlibrary
 	@echo " "; echo "	Everything is up to date."
 
 PLib: 
 	NewFolder PLib
-	
+
+xsubppdup:
+	Duplicate -y xsubpp ::lib:ExtUtils:xsubpp
+
 translators:	miniperl :lib:Config.pm
 .IF "68K" == "$(MACPERL_INST_TOOL_68K)"
 	@echo "	Making x2p stuff"; 
@@ -239,7 +242,7 @@
 # build problems but that's not obvious to the novice.
 # The Module used here must not depend on Config or any extensions.
 
-.INIT : Obj PLib 
+.INIT : Obj PLib xsubppdup
 
 miniperl:  miniperl.{$(MACPERL_BUILD_TOOL)}
 	FatBuild miniperl $(MACPERL_INST_TOOL_PPC) $(MACPERL_INST_TOOL_68K)

==== //depot/maint-5.6/macperl/macos/xsubpp#1 (text) ====
Index: perl/macos/xsubpp
--- perl/macos/xsubpp.~1~	Tue Aug 28 20:30:06 2001
+++ perl/macos/xsubpp	Tue Aug 28 20:30:06 2001
@@ -0,0 +1,2054 @@
+#!./miniperl
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+xsubpp - compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+B<xsubpp> [B<-v>] [B<-C++>] [B<-except>] [B<-s pattern>] [B<-prototypes>] [B<-noversioncheck>] [B<-nolinenumbers>] [B<-nooptimize>] [B<-typemap typemap>] ... file.xs
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This compiler is typically run by the makefiles created by L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>.
+
+I<xsubpp> will compile XS code into C code by embedding the constructs
+necessary to let C functions manipulate Perl values and creates the glue
+necessary to let Perl access those functions.  The compiler uses typemaps to
+determine how to map C function parameters and variables to Perl values.
+
+The compiler will search for typemap files called I<typemap>.  It will use
+the following search path to find default typemaps, with the rightmost
+typemap taking precedence.
+
+	../../../typemap:../../typemap:../typemap:typemap
+
+=head1 OPTIONS
+
+Note that the C<XSOPT> MakeMaker option may be used to add these options to
+any makefiles generated by MakeMaker.
+
+=over 5
+
+=item B<-C++>
+
+Adds ``extern "C"'' to the C code.
+
+=item B<-except>
+
+Adds exception handling stubs to the C code.
+
+=item B<-typemap typemap>
+
+Indicates that a user-supplied typemap should take precedence over the
+default typemaps.  This option may be used multiple times, with the last
+typemap having the highest precedence.
+
+=item B<-v>
+
+Prints the I<xsubpp> version number to standard output, then exits.
+
+=item B<-prototypes>
+
+By default I<xsubpp> will not automatically generate prototype code for
+all xsubs. This flag will enable prototypes.
+
+=item B<-noversioncheck>
+
+Disables the run time test that determines if the object file (derived
+from the C<.xs> file) and the C<.pm> files have the same version
+number.
+
+=item B<-nolinenumbers>
+
+Prevents the inclusion of `#line' directives in the output.
+
+=item B<-nooptimize>
+
+Disables certain optimizations.  The only optimization that is currently
+affected is the use of I<target>s by the output C code (see L<perlguts>).
+This may significantly slow down the generated code, but this is the way
+B<xsubpp> of 5.005 and earlier operated.
+
+=item B<-noinout>
+
+Disable recognition of C<IN>, C<OUT_LIST> and C<INOUT_LIST> declarations.
+
+=item B<-noargtypes>
+
+Disable recognition of ANSI-like descriptions of function signature.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 ENVIRONMENT
+
+No environment variables are used.
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Larry Wall
+
+=head1 MODIFICATION HISTORY
+
+See the file F<changes.pod>.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+perl(1), perlxs(1), perlxstut(1)
+
+=cut
+
+require 5.002;
+use Cwd;
+use vars '$cplusplus';
+use vars '%v';
+
+use Config;
+
+sub Q ;
+
+# Global Constants
+
+$XSUBPP_version = "1.9508";
+
+my ($Is_VMS, $SymSet);
+if ($^O eq 'VMS') {
+    $Is_VMS = 1;
+    # Establish set of global symbols with max length 28, since xsubpp
+    # will later add the 'XS_' prefix.
+    require ExtUtils::XSSymSet;
+    $SymSet = new ExtUtils::XSSymSet 28;
+}
+
+$FH = 'File0000' ;
+
+$usage = "Usage: xsubpp [-v] [-C++] [-except] [-prototypes] [-noversioncheck] [-nolinenumbers] [-nooptimize] [-noinout] [-noargtypes] [-s pattern] [-typemap typemap]... file.xs\n";
+
+$proto_re = "[" . quotemeta('\$%&*@;') . "]" ;
+# mjn
+$OBJ   = 1 if $Config{'ccflags'} =~ /PERL_OBJECT/i;
+
+$except = "";
+$WantPrototypes = -1 ;
+$WantVersionChk = 1 ;
+$ProtoUsed = 0 ;
+$WantLineNumbers = 1 ;
+$WantOptimize = 1 ;
+
+my $process_inout = 1;
+my $process_argtypes = 1;
+
+SWITCH: while (@ARGV and $ARGV[0] =~ /^-./) {
+    $flag = shift @ARGV;
+    $flag =~ s/^-// ;
+    $spat = quotemeta shift,	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 's';
+    $cplusplus = 1,	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'C++';
+    $WantPrototypes = 0, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'noprototypes';
+    $WantPrototypes = 1, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'prototypes';
+    $WantVersionChk = 0, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'noversioncheck';
+    $WantVersionChk = 1, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'versioncheck';
+    # XXX left this in for compat
+    $WantCAPI = 1, next SWITCH    if $flag eq 'object_capi';
+    $except = " TRY",	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'except';
+    push(@tm,shift),	next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'typemap';
+    $WantLineNumbers = 0, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'nolinenumbers';
+    $WantLineNumbers = 1, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'linenumbers';
+    $WantOptimize = 0, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'nooptimize';
+    $WantOptimize = 1, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'optimize';
+    $process_inout = 0, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'noinout';
+    $process_inout = 1, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'inout';
+    $process_argtypes = 0, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'noargtypes';
+    $process_argtypes = 1, next SWITCH	if $flag eq 'argtypes';
+    (print "xsubpp version $XSUBPP_version\n"), exit
+	if $flag eq 'v';
+    die $usage;
+}
+if ($WantPrototypes == -1)
+  { $WantPrototypes = 0}
+else
+  { $ProtoUsed = 1 }
+
+
+@ARGV == 1 or die $usage;
+($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*)/(.*)#
+	or ($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*)\\(.*)#
+	or ($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*[>\]])(.*)#
+	or ($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*):(.*)#
+	or ($dir, $filename) = ('.', $ARGV[0]);
+	
+$Is_MacOS = $^O eq 'MacOS';
+if ($Is_MacOS && $dir eq '.') {
+     $dir = ":";
+}
+chdir($dir);
+$pwd = cwd();
+
+++ $IncludedFiles{$ARGV[0]} ;
+
+my(@XSStack) = ({type => 'none'});	# Stack of conditionals and INCLUDEs
+my($XSS_work_idx, $cpp_next_tmp) = (0, "XSubPPtmpAAAA");
+
+
+sub TrimWhitespace
+{
+    $_[0] =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//go ;
+}
+
+sub TidyType
+{
+    local ($_) = @_ ;
+
+    # rationalise any '*' by joining them into bunches and removing whitespace
+    s#\s*(\*+)\s*#$1#g;
+    s#(\*+)# $1 #g ;
+
+    # change multiple whitespace into a single space
+    s/\s+/ /g ;
+    
+    # trim leading & trailing whitespace
+    TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+
+    $_ ;
+}
+
+$typemap = shift @ARGV;
+foreach $typemap (@tm) {
+    die "Can't find $typemap in $pwd\n" unless -r $typemap;
+}
+if ($Is_MacOS) {
+    my @tmp;
+    foreach (qw(::::: :::: ::: :: :)) {
+    	push @tmp, "$_:lib:ExtUtils:typemap";
+    	push @tmp, "$_:macos:lib:ExtUtils:typemap";
+    	push @tmp, "$_:Mac:typemap";
+    	push @tmp, "$_:macos:ext:Mac:typemap";
+    	push @tmp, "$_:typemap";
+    }
+    unshift @tm, @tmp, "typemap";
+} else {
+    unshift @tm, qw(../../../../lib/ExtUtils/typemap ../../../lib/ExtUtils/typemap
+                ../../lib/ExtUtils/typemap ../../../typemap ../../typemap
+                ../typemap typemap);
+}
+
+foreach $typemap (@tm) {
+    next unless -e $typemap ;
+    # skip directories, binary files etc.
+    warn("Warning: ignoring non-text typemap file '$typemap'\n"), next 
+	unless -T $typemap ;
+    open(TYPEMAP, $typemap) 
+	or warn ("Warning: could not open typemap file '$typemap': $!\n"), next;
+    $mode = 'Typemap';
+    $junk = "" ;
+    $current = \$junk;
+    while (<TYPEMAP>) {
+	next if /^\s*#/;
+        my $line_no = $. + 1; 
+	if (/^INPUT\s*$/)   { $mode = 'Input';   $current = \$junk;  next; }
+	if (/^OUTPUT\s*$/)  { $mode = 'Output';  $current = \$junk;  next; }
+	if (/^TYPEMAP\s*$/) { $mode = 'Typemap'; $current = \$junk;  next; }
+	if ($mode eq 'Typemap') {
+	    chomp;
+	    my $line = $_ ;
+            TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+	    # skip blank lines and comment lines
+	    next if /^$/ or /^#/ ;
+	    my($type,$kind, $proto) = /^\s*(.*?\S)\s+(\S+)\s*($proto_re*)\s*$/ or
+		warn("Warning: File '$typemap' Line $. '$line' TYPEMAP entry needs 2 or 3 columns\n"), next;
+            $type = TidyType($type) ;
+	    $type_kind{$type} = $kind ;
+            # prototype defaults to '$'
+            $proto = "\$" unless $proto ;
+            warn("Warning: File '$typemap' Line $. '$line' Invalid prototype '$proto'\n") 
+                unless ValidProtoString($proto) ;
+            $proto_letter{$type} = C_string($proto) ;
+	}
+	elsif (/^\s/) {
+	    $$current .= $_;
+	}
+	elsif ($mode eq 'Input') {
+	    s/\s+$//;
+	    $input_expr{$_} = '';
+	    $current = \$input_expr{$_};
+	}
+	else {
+	    s/\s+$//;
+	    $output_expr{$_} = '';
+	    $current = \$output_expr{$_};
+	}
+    }
+    close(TYPEMAP);
+}
+
+foreach $key (keys %input_expr) {
+    $input_expr{$key} =~ s/\n+$//;
+}
+
+$bal = qr[(?:(?>[^()]+)|\((??{ $bal })\))*];	# ()-balanced
+$cast = qr[(?:\(\s*SV\s*\*\s*\)\s*)?];		# Optional (SV*) cast
+$size = qr[,\s* (??{ $bal }) ]x;		# Third arg (to setpvn)
+
+foreach $key (keys %output_expr) {
+    use re 'eval';
+
+    my ($t, $with_size, $arg, $sarg) =
+      ($output_expr{$key} =~
+	 m[^ \s+ sv_set ( [iunp] ) v (n)? 	# Type, is_setpvn
+	     \s* \( \s* $cast \$arg \s* ,
+	     \s* ( (??{ $bal }) )		# Set from
+	     ( (??{ $size }) )?			# Possible sizeof set-from
+	     \) \s* ; \s* $
+	  ]x);
+    $targetable{$key} = [$t, $with_size, $arg, $sarg] if $t;
+}
+
+$END = "!End!\n\n";		# "impossible" keyword (multiple newline)
+
+# Match an XS keyword
+$BLOCK_re= '\s*(' . join('|', qw(
+	REQUIRE BOOT CASE PREINIT INPUT INIT CODE PPCODE OUTPUT 
+	CLEANUP ALIAS ATTRS PROTOTYPES PROTOTYPE VERSIONCHECK INCLUDE
+	SCOPE INTERFACE INTERFACE_MACRO C_ARGS POSTCALL
+	)) . "|$END)\\s*:";
+
+# Input:  ($_, @line) == unparsed input.
+# Output: ($_, @line) == (rest of line, following lines).
+# Return: the matched keyword if found, otherwise 0
+sub check_keyword {
+	$_ = shift(@line) while !/\S/ && @line;
+	s/^(\s*)($_[0])\s*:\s*(?:#.*)?/$1/s && $2;
+}
+
+my ($C_group_rex, $C_arg);
+# Group in C (no support for comments or literals)
+$C_group_rex = qr/ [({\[]
+		   (?: (?> [^()\[\]{}]+ ) | (??{ $C_group_rex }) )*
+		   [)}\]] /x ;
+# Chunk in C without comma at toplevel (no comments):
+$C_arg = qr/ (?: (?> [^()\[\]{},"']+ )
+	     |   (??{ $C_group_rex })
+	     |   " (?: (?> [^\\"]+ )
+		   |   \\.
+		   )* "		# String literal
+	     |   ' (?: (?> [^\\']+ ) | \\. )* ' # Char literal
+	     )* /xs;
+
+if ($WantLineNumbers) {
+    {
+	package xsubpp::counter;
+	sub TIEHANDLE {
+	    my ($class, $cfile) = @_;
+	    my $buf = "";
+	    $SECTION_END_MARKER = "#line --- \"$cfile\"";
+	    $line_no = 1;
+	    bless \$buf;
+	}
+
+	sub PRINT {
+	    my $self = shift;
+	    for (@_) {
+		$$self .= $_;
+		while ($$self =~ s/^([^\n]*\n)//) {
+		    my $line = $1;
+		    ++ $line_no;
+		    $line =~ s|^\#line\s+---(?=\s)|#line $line_no|;
+		    print STDOUT $line;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+
+	sub PRINTF {
+	    my $self = shift;
+	    my $fmt = shift;
+	    $self->PRINT(sprintf($fmt, @_));
+	}
+
+	sub DESTROY {
+	    # Not necessary if we're careful to end with a "\n"
+	    my $self = shift;
+	    print STDOUT $$self;
+	}
+    }
+
+    my $cfile = $filename;
+    $cfile =~ s/\.xs$/.c/i or $cfile .= ".c";
+    tie(*PSEUDO_STDOUT, 'xsubpp::counter', $cfile);
+    select PSEUDO_STDOUT;
+}
+
+sub print_section {
+    # the "do" is required for right semantics
+    do { $_ = shift(@line) } while !/\S/ && @line;
+    
+    print("#line ", $line_no[@line_no - @line -1], " \"$filename\"\n")
+	if $WantLineNumbers && !/^\s*#\s*line\b/ && !/^#if XSubPPtmp/;
+    for (;  defined($_) && !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	XS_process("$_\n");
+    }
+    print "$xsubpp::counter::SECTION_END_MARKER\n" if $WantLineNumbers;
+}
+
+sub merge_section {
+    my $in = '';
+  
+    while (!/\S/ && @line) {
+        $_ = shift(@line);
+    }
+    
+    for (;  defined($_) && !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	$in .= "$_\n";
+    }
+    chomp $in;
+    return $in;
+}
+
+sub process_keyword($)
+{
+    my($pattern) = @_ ;
+    my $kwd ;
+
+    &{"${kwd}_handler"}() 
+        while $kwd = check_keyword($pattern) ;
+}
+
+sub CASE_handler {
+    blurt ("Error: `CASE:' after unconditional `CASE:'")
+	if $condnum && $cond eq '';
+    $cond = $_;
+    TrimWhitespace($cond);
+    print "   ", ($condnum++ ? " else" : ""), ($cond ? " if ($cond)\n" : "\n");
+    $_ = '' ;
+}
+
+sub INPUT_handler {
+    for (;  !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	last if /^\s*NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET/;
+	next unless /\S/;	# skip blank lines 
+
+	TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+	my $line = $_ ;
+
+	# remove trailing semicolon if no initialisation
+	s/\s*;$//g unless /[=;+].*\S/ ;
+
+	# check for optional initialisation code
+	my $var_init = '' ;
+	$var_init = $1 if s/\s*([=;+].*)$//s ;
+	$var_init =~ s/"/\\"/g;
+
+	s/\s+/ /g;
+	my ($var_type, $var_addr, $var_name) = /^(.*?[^&\s])\s*(\&?)\s*\b(\w+)$/s
+	    or blurt("Error: invalid argument declaration '$line'"), next;
+
+	# Check for duplicate definitions
+	blurt ("Error: duplicate definition of argument '$var_name' ignored"), next
+	    if $arg_list{$var_name}++ 
+	      or defined $arg_types{$var_name} and not $processing_arg_with_types;
+
+	$thisdone |= $var_name eq "THIS";
+	$retvaldone |= $var_name eq "RETVAL";
+	$var_types{$var_name} = $var_type;
+	# XXXX This check is a safeguard against the unfinished conversion of
+	# generate_init().  When generate_init() is fixed,
+	# one can use 2-args map_type() unconditionally.
+	if ($var_type =~ / \( \s* \* \s* \) /x) {
+	  # Function pointers are not yet supported with &output_init!
+	  print "\t" . &map_type($var_type, $var_name);
+	  $name_printed = 1;
+	} else {
+	  print "\t" . &map_type($var_type);
+	  $name_printed = 0;
+	}
+	$var_num = $args_match{$var_name};
+
+        $proto_arg[$var_num] = ProtoString($var_type) 
+	    if $var_num ;
+	$func_args =~ s/\b($var_name)\b/&$1/ if $var_addr;
+	if ($var_init =~ /^[=;]\s*NO_INIT\s*;?\s*$/
+	    or $in_out{$var_name} and $in_out{$var_name} =~ /^OUT/
+	    and $var_init !~ /\S/) {
+	  if ($name_printed) {
+	    print ";\n";
+	  } else {
+	    print "\t$var_name;\n";
+	  }
+	} elsif ($var_init =~ /\S/) {
+	    &output_init($var_type, $var_num, $var_name, $var_init, $name_printed);
+	} elsif ($var_num) {
+	    # generate initialization code
+	    &generate_init($var_type, $var_num, $var_name, $name_printed);
+	} else {
+	    print ";\n";
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+sub OUTPUT_handler {
+    for (;  !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	next unless /\S/;
+	if (/^\s*SETMAGIC\s*:\s*(ENABLE|DISABLE)\s*/) {
+	    $DoSetMagic = ($1 eq "ENABLE" ? 1 : 0);
+	    next;
+	}
+	my ($outarg, $outcode) = /^\s*(\S+)\s*(.*?)\s*$/s ;
+	blurt ("Error: duplicate OUTPUT argument '$outarg' ignored"), next
+	    if $outargs{$outarg} ++ ;
+	if (!$gotRETVAL and $outarg eq 'RETVAL') {
+	    # deal with RETVAL last
+	    $RETVAL_code = $outcode ;
+	    $gotRETVAL = 1 ;
+	    next ;
+	}
+	blurt ("Error: OUTPUT $outarg not an argument"), next
+	    unless defined($args_match{$outarg});
+	blurt("Error: No input definition for OUTPUT argument '$outarg' - ignored"), next
+	    unless defined $var_types{$outarg} ;
+	$var_num = $args_match{$outarg};
+	if ($outcode) {
+	    print "\t$outcode\n";
+	    print "\tSvSETMAGIC(ST(" , $var_num-1 , "));\n" if $DoSetMagic;
+	} else {
+	    &generate_output($var_types{$outarg}, $var_num, $outarg, $DoSetMagic);
+	}
+	delete $in_out{$outarg} 	# No need to auto-OUTPUT 
+	  if exists $in_out{$outarg} and $in_out{$outarg} =~ /OUT$/;
+    }
+}
+
+sub C_ARGS_handler() {
+    my $in = merge_section();
+  
+    TrimWhitespace($in);
+    $func_args = $in;
+} 
+
+sub INTERFACE_MACRO_handler() {
+    my $in = merge_section();
+  
+    TrimWhitespace($in);
+    if ($in =~ /\s/) {		# two
+        ($interface_macro, $interface_macro_set) = split ' ', $in;
+    } else {
+        $interface_macro = $in;
+	$interface_macro_set = 'UNKNOWN_CVT'; # catch later
+    }
+    $interface = 1;		# local
+    $Interfaces = 1;		# global
+}
+
+sub INTERFACE_handler() {
+    my $in = merge_section();
+  
+    TrimWhitespace($in);
+    
+    foreach (split /[\s,]+/, $in) {
+        $Interfaces{$_} = $_;
+    }
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#	XSFUNCTION = $interface_macro($ret_type,cv,XSANY.any_dptr);
+EOF
+    $interface = 1;		# local
+    $Interfaces = 1;		# global
+}
+
+sub CLEANUP_handler() { print_section() } 
+sub PREINIT_handler() { print_section() } 
+sub POSTCALL_handler() { print_section() } 
+sub INIT_handler()    { print_section() } 
+
+sub GetAliases
+{
+    my ($line) = @_ ;
+    my ($orig) = $line ;
+    my ($alias) ;
+    my ($value) ;
+
+    # Parse alias definitions
+    # format is
+    #    alias = value alias = value ...
+
+    while ($line =~ s/^\s*([\w:]+)\s*=\s*(\w+)\s*//) {
+        $alias = $1 ;
+        $orig_alias = $alias ;
+        $value = $2 ;
+
+        # check for optional package definition in the alias
+	$alias = $Packprefix . $alias if $alias !~ /::/ ;
+        
+        # check for duplicate alias name & duplicate value
+	Warn("Warning: Ignoring duplicate alias '$orig_alias'")
+	    if defined $XsubAliases{$alias} ;
+
+	Warn("Warning: Aliases '$orig_alias' and '$XsubAliasValues{$value}' have identical values")
+	    if $XsubAliasValues{$value} ;
+
+	$XsubAliases = 1;
+	$XsubAliases{$alias} = $value ;
+	$XsubAliasValues{$value} = $orig_alias ;
+    }
+
+    blurt("Error: Cannot parse ALIAS definitions from '$orig'")
+        if $line ;
+}
+
+sub ATTRS_handler ()
+{
+    for (;  !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	next unless /\S/;
+	TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+        push @Attributes, $_;
+    }
+}
+
+sub ALIAS_handler ()
+{
+    for (;  !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	next unless /\S/;
+	TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+        GetAliases($_) if $_ ;
+    }
+}
+
+sub REQUIRE_handler ()
+{
+    # the rest of the current line should contain a version number
+    my ($Ver) = $_ ;
+
+    TrimWhitespace($Ver) ;
+
+    death ("Error: REQUIRE expects a version number")
+	unless $Ver ;
+
+    # check that the version number is of the form n.n
+    death ("Error: REQUIRE: expected a number, got '$Ver'")
+	unless $Ver =~ /^\d+(\.\d*)?/ ;
+
+    death ("Error: xsubpp $Ver (or better) required--this is only $XSUBPP_version.")
+        unless $XSUBPP_version >= $Ver ; 
+}
+
+sub VERSIONCHECK_handler ()
+{
+    # the rest of the current line should contain either ENABLE or
+    # DISABLE
+ 
+    TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+ 
+    # check for ENABLE/DISABLE
+    death ("Error: VERSIONCHECK: ENABLE/DISABLE")
+        unless /^(ENABLE|DISABLE)/i ;
+ 
+    $WantVersionChk = 1 if $1 eq 'ENABLE' ;
+    $WantVersionChk = 0 if $1 eq 'DISABLE' ;
+ 
+}
+
+sub PROTOTYPE_handler ()
+{
+    my $specified ;
+
+    death("Error: Only 1 PROTOTYPE definition allowed per xsub") 
+        if $proto_in_this_xsub ++ ;
+
+    for (;  !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+	next unless /\S/;
+	$specified = 1 ;
+	TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+        if ($_ eq 'DISABLE') {
+	   $ProtoThisXSUB = 0 
+        }
+        elsif ($_ eq 'ENABLE') {
+	   $ProtoThisXSUB = 1 
+        }
+        else {
+            # remove any whitespace
+            s/\s+//g ;
+            death("Error: Invalid prototype '$_'")
+                unless ValidProtoString($_) ;
+            $ProtoThisXSUB = C_string($_) ;
+        }
+    }
+
+    # If no prototype specified, then assume empty prototype ""
+    $ProtoThisXSUB = 2 unless $specified ;
+
+    $ProtoUsed = 1 ;
+
+}
+
+sub SCOPE_handler ()
+{
+    death("Error: Only 1 SCOPE declaration allowed per xsub") 
+        if $scope_in_this_xsub ++ ;
+
+    for (;  !/^$BLOCK_re/o;  $_ = shift(@line)) {
+		next unless /\S/;
+		TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+        if ($_ =~ /^DISABLE/i) {
+		   $ScopeThisXSUB = 0 
+        }
+        elsif ($_ =~ /^ENABLE/i) {
+		   $ScopeThisXSUB = 1 
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+sub PROTOTYPES_handler ()
+{
+    # the rest of the current line should contain either ENABLE or
+    # DISABLE 
+
+    TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+
+    # check for ENABLE/DISABLE
+    death ("Error: PROTOTYPES: ENABLE/DISABLE")
+        unless /^(ENABLE|DISABLE)/i ;
+
+    $WantPrototypes = 1 if $1 eq 'ENABLE' ;
+    $WantPrototypes = 0 if $1 eq 'DISABLE' ;
+    $ProtoUsed = 1 ;
+
+}
+
+sub INCLUDE_handler ()
+{
+    # the rest of the current line should contain a valid filename
+ 
+    TrimWhitespace($_) ;
+ 
+    death("INCLUDE: filename missing")
+        unless $_ ;
+
+    death("INCLUDE: output pipe is illegal")
+        if /^\s*\|/ ;
+
+    # simple minded recursion detector
+    death("INCLUDE loop detected")
+        if $IncludedFiles{$_} ;
+
+    ++ $IncludedFiles{$_} unless /\|\s*$/ ;
+
+    # Save the current file context.
+    push(@XSStack, {
+	type		=> 'file',
+        LastLine        => $lastline,
+        LastLineNo      => $lastline_no,
+        Line            => \@line,
+        LineNo          => \@line_no,
+        Filename        => $filename,
+        Handle          => $FH,
+        }) ;
+ 
+    ++ $FH ;
+
+    # open the new file
+    open ($FH, "$_") or death("Cannot open '$_': $!") ;
+ 
+    print Q<<"EOF" ;
+#
+#/* INCLUDE:  Including '$_' from '$filename' */
+#
+EOF
+
+    $filename = $_ ;
+
+    # Prime the pump by reading the first 
+    # non-blank line
+
+    # skip leading blank lines
+    while (<$FH>) {
+        last unless /^\s*$/ ;
+    }
+
+    $lastline = $_ ;
+    $lastline_no = $. ;
+ 
+}
+
+sub XS_PUSH_handler
+{
+    my($type, $value, $xpush) = @_;
+    if ($xpush) {
+    	print "\tEXTEND(sp, 1);\n";
+    } 
+    print "\t++sp;\n";
+    &generate_output($type, 0, "($value)", 0, 1, "*sp", 1);
+    "";
+}
+
+sub XS_OUTPUT_handler
+{
+    my($type, $value, $arg) = @_;
+    
+    &generate_output($type, 0, "($value)", 0, 0, $arg);
+    "";
+}
+
+sub XS_INPUT_handler
+{
+    my($type, $var, $arg) = @_;
+    local($deferred) = "";
+    &generate_init($type, 0, $var, $arg, 1);
+    XS_process($deferred);
+    "";
+}
+
+
+sub XS_POP_handler
+{
+    my($type, $var, $pop) = @_;
+    &generate_init($type, 0, $var, "TOPs", 1);
+    print "\tPOPs;\n" if $pop;
+    "";
+}
+
+sub SplitArgs 
+{
+    my(@bits,@pieces,$item);
+    @bits = split /,/, $_[0];
+    while (@bits) {
+    	$item .= "," if $item;
+	$item .= shift @bits;
+	if (tr/(// == tr/)// 
+	 && tr/{// == tr/}// 
+	 && tr/[// == tr/]// 
+	 && !(tr/"// & 1) 
+	 && !(tr/'// & 1)
+	) {
+	    push @pieces, $item;
+	    $item = "";
+	}
+    }
+    @pieces;
+}
+
+sub XS_process 
+{
+    my($text) = @_;
+    
+    while (length($text)) {
+	if ($text =~ s/^.*\bXS_PUSH\(([^,]+),\s*(.*)\)\s*;?.*\n?//) {
+ 	    XS_PUSH_handler($1, $2, 0);
+	} elsif ($text =~ s/^.*\bXS_XPUSH\(([^,]+),\s*(.*)\)\s*;?.*\n?//) {
+	    XS_PUSH_handler($1, $2, 1);
+	} elsif ($text =~ s/^.*\bXS_OUTPUT\((.*)\)\s*;?.*\n?//) {
+	    XS_OUTPUT_handler(SplitArgs($1));
+	} elsif ($text =~ s/^.*\bXS_INPUT\((.*)\)\s*;?.*\n?//) {
+	    XS_INPUT_handler(SplitArgs($1));
+	} elsif ($text =~ s/^.*\bXS_POP\(([^,]+),\s*(.*)\)\s*;?.*\n?//) {
+	    XS_POP_handler($1, $2, 1);
+	} elsif ($text =~ s/^.*\bXS_TOP\(([^,]+),\s*(.*)\)\s*;?.*\n?//) {
+	    XS_POP_handler($1, $2, 0);
+	} elsif ($text =~ s/^(.*\n?)//) {
+	    print $1;
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+sub PopFile()
+{
+    return 0 unless $XSStack[-1]{type} eq 'file' ;
+
+    my $data     = pop @XSStack ;
+    my $ThisFile = $filename ;
+    my $isPipe   = ($filename =~ /\|\s*$/) ;
+ 
+    -- $IncludedFiles{$filename}
+        unless $isPipe ;
+
+    close $FH ;
+
+    $FH         = $data->{Handle} ;
+    $filename   = $data->{Filename} ;
+    $lastline   = $data->{LastLine} ;
+    $lastline_no = $data->{LastLineNo} ;
+    @line       = @{ $data->{Line} } ;
+    @line_no    = @{ $data->{LineNo} } ;
+
+    if ($isPipe and $? ) {
+        -- $lastline_no ;
+        print STDERR "Error reading from pipe '$ThisFile': $! in $filename, line $lastline_no\n"  ;
+        exit 1 ;
+    }
+
+    print Q<<"EOF" ;
+#
+#/* INCLUDE: Returning to '$filename' from '$ThisFile' */
+#
+EOF
+
+    return 1 ;
+}
+
+sub ValidProtoString ($)
+{
+    my($string) = @_ ;
+
+    if ( $string =~ /^$proto_re+$/ ) {
+        return $string ;
+    }
+
+    return 0 ;
+}
+
+sub C_string ($)
+{
+    my($string) = @_ ;
+
+    $string =~ s[\\][\\\\]g ;
+    $string ;
+}
+
+sub ProtoString ($)
+{
+    my ($type) = @_ ;
+
+    $proto_letter{$type} or "\$" ;
+}
+
+sub check_cpp {
+    my @cpp = grep(/^\#\s*(?:if|e\w+)/, @line);
+    if (@cpp) {
+	my ($cpp, $cpplevel);
+	for $cpp (@cpp) {
+	    if ($cpp =~ /^\#\s*if/) {
+		$cpplevel++;
+	    } elsif (!$cpplevel) {
+		Warn("Warning: #else/elif/endif without #if in this function");
+		print STDERR "    (precede it with a blank line if the matching #if is outside the function)\n"
+		    if $XSStack[-1]{type} eq 'if';
+		return;
+	    } elsif ($cpp =~ /^\#\s*endif/) {
+		$cpplevel--;
+	    }
+	}
+	Warn("Warning: #if without #endif in this function") if $cpplevel;
+    }
+}
+
+
+sub Q {
+    my($text) = @_;
+    $text =~ s/^#//gm;
+    $text =~ s/\[\[/{/g;
+    $text =~ s/\]\]/}/g;
+    $text;
+}
+
+open($FH, $filename) or die "cannot open $filename: $!\n";
+
+# Identify the version of xsubpp used
+print <<EOM ;
+/*
+ * This file was generated automatically by xsubpp version $XSUBPP_version from the 
+ * contents of $filename. Do not edit this file, edit $filename instead.
+ *
+ *	ANY CHANGES MADE HERE WILL BE LOST! 
+ *
+ */
+
+EOM
+ 
+
+print("#line 1 \"$filename\"\n")
+    if $WantLineNumbers;
+
+firstmodule:
+while (<$FH>) {
+    if (/^=/) {
+        my $podstartline = $.;
+    	do {
+	    if (/^=cut\s*$/) {
+		XS_process("/* Skipped embedded POD. */\n");
+		XS_process(sprintf("#line %d \"$filename\"\n", $. + 1))
+		  if $WantLineNumbers;
+		next firstmodule
+	    }
+
+	} while (<$FH>);
+	# At this point $. is at end of file so die won't state the start
+	# of the problem, and as we haven't yet read any lines &death won't
+	# show the correct line in the message either.
+	die ("Error: Unterminated pod in $filename, line $podstartline\n")
+	  unless $lastline;
+    }
+    last if ($Module, $Package, $Prefix) =
+	/^MODULE\s*=\s*([\w:]+)(?:\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(?:\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?\s*$/;
+
+    if ($OBJ) {
+        s/#if(?:def\s|\s+defined)\s*(\(__cplusplus\)|__cplusplus)/#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(PERL_OBJECT)/;
+    }
+    XS_process($_);
+}
+&Exit unless defined $_;
+
+print "$xsubpp::counter::SECTION_END_MARKER\n" if $WantLineNumbers;
+
+$lastline    = $_;
+$lastline_no = $.;
+
+# Read next xsub into @line from ($lastline, <$FH>).
+sub fetch_para {
+    # parse paragraph
+    death ("Error: Unterminated `#if/#ifdef/#ifndef'")
+	if !defined $lastline && $XSStack[-1]{type} eq 'if';
+    @line = ();
+    @line_no = () ;
+    return PopFile() if !defined $lastline;
+
+    if ($lastline =~
+	/^MODULE\s*=\s*([\w:]+)(?:\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(?:\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?\s*$/) {
+	$Module = $1;
+	$Package = defined($2) ? $2 : '';	# keep -w happy
+	$Prefix  = defined($3) ? $3 : '';	# keep -w happy
+	$Prefix = quotemeta $Prefix ;
+	($Module_cname = $Module) =~ s/\W/_/g;
+	($Packid = $Package) =~ tr/:/_/;
+	$Packprefix = $Package;
+	$Packprefix .= "::" if $Packprefix ne "";
+	$lastline = "";
+    }
+
+    for(;;) {
+	# Skip embedded PODs 
+	while ($lastline =~ /^=/) {
+    	    while ($lastline = <$FH>) {
+	    	last if ($lastline =~ /^=cut\s*$/);
+	    }
+	    death ("Error: Unterminated pod") unless $lastline;
+	    $lastline = <$FH>;
+	    chomp $lastline;
+	    $lastline =~ s/^\s+$//;
+	}
+	if ($lastline !~ /^\s*#/ ||
+	    # CPP directives:
+	    #	ANSI:	if ifdef ifndef elif else endif define undef
+	    #		line error pragma
+	    #	gcc:	warning include_next
+	    #   obj-c:	import
+	    #   others:	ident (gcc notes that some cpps have this one)
+	    $lastline =~ /^#[ \t]*(?:(?:if|ifn?def|elif|else|endif|define|undef|pragma|error|warning|line\s+\d+|ident)\b|(?:include(?:_next)?|import)\s*["<].*[>"])/) {
+	    last if $lastline =~ /^\S/ && @line && $line[-1] eq "";
+	    push(@line, $lastline);
+	    push(@line_no, $lastline_no) ;
+	}
+
+	# Read next line and continuation lines
+	last unless defined($lastline = <$FH>);
+	$lastline_no = $.;
+	my $tmp_line;
+	$lastline .= $tmp_line
+	    while ($lastline =~ /\\$/ && defined($tmp_line = <$FH>));
+
+	chomp $lastline;
+	$lastline =~ s/^\s+$//;
+    }
+    pop(@line), pop(@line_no) while @line && $line[-1] eq "";
+    1;
+}
+
+sub indent {
+     my($line) = @_;
+     my($indent) = 0;
+     
+     for (;;) {
+     	if ($line =~ s/^( +)//) { $indent += length $1;         next; }
+     	if ($line =~ s/^\t//)   { $indent += 8 - ($indent & 7); next; }
+	last;
+     }
+     $indent;
+}
+
+sub handle_struct 
+{   
+    # extract return type, function name and arguments
+    my($deref, $structpack) = /(\**)\s*(\S+)/;
+    my($handle) = ($^O eq "MacOS") && ($deref eq "**");
+    $deref =~ s/\*$/->/;
+    $deref =~ s/\*/\[0\]/g;
+    $deref ||= ".";
+    my($structtype) = $structpack;
+
+    # a struct definition needs at least 2 lines
+    blurt ("Error: Struct definition too short '$structpack'"), next PARAGRAPH
+	unless @line ;
+
+    ($clean_struct_name = $structpack) =~ s/^$Prefix//;
+    $Full_struct_name = "${Packid}_$clean_struct_name";
+    if ($Is_VMS) { $Full_struct_name = $SymSet->addsym($Full_struct_name); }
+
+    # Check for duplicate function definition
+    for $tmp (@XSStack) {
+	next unless defined $tmp->{functions}{$Full_struct_name};
+	Warn("Warning: duplicate struct definition '$clean_struct_name' detected");
+	last;
+    }
+
+    # print struct function header
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#XS(XS_${Full_struct_name})
+#[[
+#    dXSARGS;
+#    dXSI32;
+#    if (items < 1 || items > 2)
+#       croak("Usage: %s(STRUCT [, VALUE])", GvNAME(CvGV(cv)));
+#    SP -= items;
+EOF
+
+    # Now do a block of some sort.
+
+    &check_cpp;
+    my($structinput, $structoutput, $structindir, $structoutdir);
+    my(@field, @fieldindir, @fieldoutdir, @input, @output);
+    $structindir = $structoutdir = line_directive();
+    $_ = "";
+    while (defined $_) {
+    	$_ = shift @line while /^\s*$/;
+	my($fieldindir) = line_directive();
+	my($fieldoutdir)= $fieldindir;
+    	my($indent,$fieldtype,$fieldname) = 
+		m|^(\s*)(\S.*\S)\s*\b(\w+)\s*;?\s*(?:/\*.*\*/)?$|;
+	$indent = indent $indent;
+	$fieldtype = TidyType $fieldtype;
+	my($input, $output);
+	my $var = "STRUCT$deref$fieldname";
+	$_ = shift @line;
+	while (/ALIAS|READ_ONLY|INPUT:|OUTPUT:/) {
+	    if (/ALIAS\s*(.*)/) {
+	    	$var = $1;
+		$_ = shift @line;
+	    } elsif (/READ_ONLY/) {
+		$fieldindir = line_directive();
+		$input = "$_";
+		$_ = shift @line;
+	    } elsif (/INPUT/) {
+	    	last unless ($_ = shift @line);
+		$fieldindir = line_directive();
+		while (indent($_) > $indent && !/ALIAS|READ_ONLY|INPUT:|OUTPUT:/) {
+		    $input .= "$_\n";
+		    $_ = shift @line;
+		}
+	    } else {
+	    	last unless ($_ = shift @line);
+		$fieldoutdir = line_directive();
+		while (indent($_) > $indent && !/ALIAS|READ_ONLY|INPUT:|OUTPUT:/) {
+		    $output .= "$_\n";
+		    $_ = shift @line;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if ($fieldname eq "STRUCT") {
+	    $structindir = $fieldindir;
+	    $structoutdir= $fieldoutdir;
+	    $structtype  = $fieldtype;
+	    $arg         = "ST(0)";
+	    $structinput = eval "qq\a$input\a";
+	    $structoutput= eval "qq\a$output\a";
+	} else {
+	    if ($input =~ /READ_ONLY/) {
+	    	$input = "\tcroak(\"$var is read-only\");\n";
+	    } elsif ($input) {
+	    	$arg = "ST(1)";
+		$input = eval "qq\a$input\a";
+	    } else {
+	    	$input = "\tXS_INPUT($fieldtype, $var, ST(1));";
+	    }
+	    if ($output) {
+	    	$arg = "*sp";
+		$output = "\tPUSHs(sv_newmortal());\n" . eval "qq\a$output\a";
+	    } else {
+	    	$output = "\tXS_PUSH($fieldtype, $var);";
+	    }
+	    push @field, $fieldname;
+	    push @fieldindir, $fieldindir;
+	    push @fieldoutdir, $fieldoutdir;
+	    push @input, $input; 
+	    push @output, $output;
+	}
+    }
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#    [[
+#	$structtype STRUCT;
+EOF
+    print "\tchar STRUCT_state;\n" if $handle;
+    print "\n$structindir";
+    XS_process($structinput || "\tXS_INPUT($structtype, STRUCT, ST(0));");
+    print "\n\tSTRUCT_state = HGetState((Handle)STRUCT); HLock((Handle)STRUCT);\n" if ($handle);
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#	if (items == 1) [[ /* Get field */
+#	    switch (ix) [[
+EOF
+    for (0..$#field) {
+  	print Q<<"EOF";
+#	    case $_:	  /* $field[$_] */
+EOF
+ 	print $fieldoutdir[$_];
+	XS_process($output[$_]);
+	print Q<<"EOF";
+#		break;
+EOF
+    }
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#	    ]]
+#	]] else [[ 	   /* Set field */
+#	    switch (ix) [[
+EOF
+    for (0..$#field) {
+  	print Q<<"EOF";
+#	    case $_:	  /* $field[$_] */
+EOF
+ 	print $fieldindir[$_];
+	XS_process($input[$_]);
+	print Q<<"EOF";
+#		break;
+EOF
+    }
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#	    ]]
+EOF
+    print $structoutdir;
+    XS_process($structoutput || "\tXS_OUTPUT($structtype, STRUCT, ST(0))\n");
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#	]]
+EOF
+    print "\tHSetState((Handle)STRUCT, STRUCT_state);\n" if $handle;
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#    ]]
+#    XSRETURN(1);
+#]]
+#
+EOF
+    for (0..$#field) {
+	push(@InitFileCode, Q<<"EOF");
+#        cv = newXS(\"${structpack}::$field[$_]\", XS_$Full_struct_name, file);
+#        XSANY.any_i32 = $_ ; 
+EOF
+    }
+}
+
+PARAGRAPH:
+while (fetch_para()) {
+    # Print initial preprocessor statements and blank lines
+    while (@line && $line[0] !~ /^[^\#]/) {
+	my $line = shift(@line);
+	print $line, "\n";
+	next unless $line =~ /^\#\s*((if)(?:n?def)?|elsif|else|endif)\b/;
+	my $statement = $+;
+	if ($statement eq 'if') {
+	    $XSS_work_idx = @XSStack;
+	    push(@XSStack, {type => 'if'});
+	} else {
+	    death ("Error: `$statement' with no matching `if'")
+		if $XSStack[-1]{type} ne 'if';
+	    if ($XSStack[-1]{varname}) {
+		push(@InitFileCode, "#endif\n");
+		push(@BootCode,     "#endif");
+	    }
+
+	    my(@fns) = keys %{$XSStack[-1]{functions}};
+	    if ($statement ne 'endif') {
+		# Hide the functions defined in other #if branches, and reset.
+		@{$XSStack[-1]{other_functions}}{@fns} = (1) x @fns;
+		@{$XSStack[-1]}{qw(varname functions)} = ('', {});
+	    } else {
+		my($tmp) = pop(@XSStack);
+		0 while (--$XSS_work_idx
+			 && $XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{type} ne 'if');
+		# Keep all new defined functions
+		push(@fns, keys %{$tmp->{other_functions}});
+		@{$XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{functions}}{@fns} = (1) x @fns;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    next PARAGRAPH unless @line;
+
+    if ($XSS_work_idx && !$XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{varname}) {
+	# We are inside an #if, but have not yet #defined its xsubpp variable.
+	print "#define $cpp_next_tmp 1\n\n";
+	push(@InitFileCode, "#if $cpp_next_tmp\n");
+	push(@BootCode,     "#if $cpp_next_tmp");
+	$XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{varname} = $cpp_next_tmp++;
+    }
+
+    death ("Code is not inside a function"
+	   ." (maybe last function was ended by a blank line "
+	   ." followed by a a statement on column one?)")
+	if $line[0] =~ /^\s/;
+
+    # initialize info arrays
+    undef(%args_match);
+    undef(%var_types);
+    undef(%defaults);
+    undef($class);
+    undef($static);
+    undef($elipsis);
+    undef($wantRETVAL) ;
+    undef($RETVAL_no_return) ;
+    undef(%arg_list) ;
+    undef(@proto_arg) ;
+    undef(@arg_with_types) ;
+    undef($processing_arg_with_types) ;
+    undef(%arg_types) ;
+    undef(@outlist) ;
+    undef(%in_out) ;
+    undef($proto_in_this_xsub) ;
+    undef($scope_in_this_xsub) ;
+    undef($interface);
+    undef($prepush_done);
+    $interface_macro = 'XSINTERFACE_FUNC' ;
+    $interface_macro_set = 'XSINTERFACE_FUNC_SET' ;
+    $ProtoThisXSUB = $WantPrototypes ;
+    $ScopeThisXSUB = 0;
+    $xsreturn = 0;
+
+    $_ = shift(@line);
+    while ($kwd = check_keyword("REQUIRE|PROTOTYPES|VERSIONCHECK|INCLUDE")) {
+        &{"${kwd}_handler"}() ;
+        next PARAGRAPH unless @line ;
+        $_ = shift(@line);
+    }
+
+    if (check_keyword("BOOT")) {
+	&check_cpp;
+	push (@BootCode, "#line $line_no[@line_no - @line] \"$filename\"")
+	  if $WantLineNumbers && $line[0] !~ /^\s*#\s*line\b/;
+        push (@BootCode, @line, "") ;
+        next PARAGRAPH ;
+    }
+
+    if (s/^STRUCT\s*//) {
+    	handle_struct();
+	next PARAGRAPH;
+    }
+    
+    # extract return type, function name and arguments
+    ($ret_type) = TidyType($_);
+    $RETVAL_no_return = 1 if $ret_type =~ s/^NO_OUTPUT\s+//;
+
+    # Allow one-line ANSI-like declaration
+    unshift @line, $2
+      if $process_argtypes
+	and $ret_type =~ s/^(.*?\w.*?)\s*\b(\w+\s*\(.*)/$1/s;
+
+    # a function definition needs at least 2 lines
+    blurt ("Error: Function definition too short '$ret_type'"), next PARAGRAPH
+	unless @line ;
+
+    $static = 1 if $ret_type =~ s/^static\s+//;
+
+    $func_header = shift(@line);
+    blurt ("Error: Cannot parse function definition from '$func_header'"), next PARAGRAPH
+	unless $func_header =~ /^(?:([\w:]*)::)?(\w+)\s*\(\s*(.*?)\s*\)\s*(const)?\s*(;\s*)?$/s;
+
+    ($class, $func_name, $orig_args) =  ($1, $2, $3) ;
+    $class = "$4 $class" if $4;
+    ($pname = $func_name) =~ s/^($Prefix)?/$Packprefix/;
+    ($clean_func_name = $func_name) =~ s/^$Prefix//;
+    $Full_func_name = "${Packid}_$clean_func_name";
+    if ($Is_VMS) { $Full_func_name = $SymSet->addsym($Full_func_name); }
+
+    # Check for duplicate function definition
+    for $tmp (@XSStack) {
+	next unless defined $tmp->{functions}{$Full_func_name};
+	Warn("Warning: duplicate function definition '$clean_func_name' detected");
+	last;
+    }
+    $XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{functions}{$Full_func_name} ++ ;
+    %XsubAliases = %XsubAliasValues = %Interfaces = @Attributes = ();
+    $DoSetMagic = 1;
+
+    $orig_args =~ s/\\\s*/ /g;		# process line continuations
+
+    my %only_outlist;
+    if ($process_argtypes and $orig_args =~ /\S/) {
+	my $args = "$orig_args ,";
+	if ($args =~ /^( (??{ $C_arg }) , )* $ /x) {
+	    @args = ($args =~ /\G ( (??{ $C_arg }) ) , /xg);
+	    for ( @args ) {
+		s/^\s+//;
+		s/\s+$//;
+		my $arg = $_;
+		my $default;
+		($arg, $default) = / ( [^=]* ) ( (?: = .* )? ) /x;
+		my ($pre, $name) = ($arg =~ /(.*?) \s* \b(\w+) \s* $ /x);
+		next unless length $pre;
+		my $out_type;
+		my $inout_var;
+		if ($process_inout and s/^(IN|IN_OUTLIST|OUTLIST|OUT|IN_OUT)\s+//) {
+		    my $type = $1;
+		    $out_type = $type if $type ne 'IN';
+		    $arg =~ s/^(IN|IN_OUTLIST|OUTLIST|OUT|IN_OUT)\s+//;
+		}
+		if (/\W/) {	# Has a type
+		    push @arg_with_types, $arg;
+		    # warn "pushing '$arg'\n";
+		    $arg_types{$name} = $arg;
+		    $_ = "$name$default";
+		}
+		$only_outlist{$_} = 1 if $out_type eq "OUTLIST";
+		push @outlist, $name if $out_type =~ /OUTLIST$/;
+		$in_out{$name} = $out_type if $out_type;
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    @args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args);
+	    Warn("Warning: cannot parse argument list '$orig_args', fallback to split");
+	}
+    } else {
+	@args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args);
+	for (@args) {
+	    if ($process_inout and s/^(IN|IN_OUTLIST|OUTLIST|IN_OUT|OUT)\s+//) {
+		my $out_type = $1;
+		next if $out_type eq 'IN';
+		$only_outlist{$_} = 1 if $out_type eq "OUTLIST";
+		push @outlist, $name if $out_type =~ /OUTLIST$/;
+		$in_out{$_} = $out_type;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    if (defined($class)) {
+	my $arg0 = ((defined($static) or $func_name eq 'new')
+		    ? "CLASS" : "THIS");
+	unshift(@args, $arg0);
+	($report_args = "$arg0, $report_args") =~ s/^\w+, $/$arg0/;
+    }
+    my $extra_args = 0;
+    @args_num = ();
+    $num_args = 0;
+    my $report_args = '';
+    foreach $i (0 .. $#args) {
+	    if ($args[$i] =~ s/\.\.\.//) {
+		    $elipsis = 1;
+		    if ($args[$i] eq '' && $i == $#args) {
+		        $report_args .= ", ...";
+			pop(@args);
+			last;
+		    }
+	    }
+	    if ($only_outlist{$args[$i]}) {
+		push @args_num, undef;
+	    } else {
+		push @args_num, ++$num_args;
+		$report_args .= ", $args[$i]";
+	    }
+	    if ($args[$i] =~ /^([^=]*[^\s=])\s*=\s*(.*)/s) {
+		    $extra_args++;
+		    $args[$i] = $1;
+		    $defaults{$args[$i]} = $2;
+		    $defaults{$args[$i]} =~ s/"/\\"/g;
+	    }
+	    $proto_arg[$i+1] = "\$" ;
+    }
+    $min_args = $num_args - $extra_args;
+    $report_args =~ s/"/\\"/g;
+    $report_args =~ s/^,\s+//;
+    my @func_args = @args;
+    shift @func_args if defined($class);
+
+    for (@func_args) {
+	s/^/&/ if $in_out{$_};
+    }
+    $func_args = join(", ", @func_args);
+    @args_match{@args} = @args_num;
+
+    $PPCODE = grep(/^\s*PPCODE\s*:/, @line);
+    $CODE = grep(/^\s*CODE\s*:/, @line);
+    # Detect CODE: blocks which use ST(n)= or XST_m*(n,v)
+    #   to set explicit return values.
+    $EXPLICIT_RETURN = ($CODE &&
+		("@line" =~ /(\bST\s*\([^;]*=) | (\bXST_m\w+\s*\()/x ));
+    $ALIAS  = grep(/^\s*ALIAS\s*:/,  @line);
+    $INTERFACE  = grep(/^\s*INTERFACE\s*:/,  @line);
+
+    $xsreturn = 1 if $EXPLICIT_RETURN;
+
+    # print function header
+    print Q<<"EOF";
+#XS(XS_${Full_func_name})
+#[[
+#    dXSARGS;
+EOF
+    print Q<<"EOF" if $ALIAS ;
+#    dXSI32;
+EOF
+    print Q<<"EOF" if $INTERFACE ;
+#    dXSFUNCTION($ret_type);
+EOF
+    if ($elipsis) {
+	$cond = ($min_args ? qq(items < $min_args) : 0);
+    }
+    elsif ($min_args == $num_args) {
+	$cond = qq(items != $min_args);
+    }
+    else {
+	$cond = qq(items < $min_args || items > $num_args);
+    }
+
+    print Q<<"EOF" if $except;
+#    char errbuf[1024];
+#    *errbuf = '\0';
+EOF
+
+    if ($ALIAS) 
+      { print Q<<"EOF" if $cond }
+#    if ($cond)
+#       Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Usage: %s($report_args)", GvNAME(CvGV(cv)));
+EOF
+    else 
+      { print Q<<"EOF" if $cond }
+#    if ($cond)
+#	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Usage: $pname($report_args)");
+EOF
+
+    print Q<<"EOF" if $PPCODE;
+#    SP -= items;
+EOF
+
+    # Now do a block of some sort.
+
+    $condnum = 0;
+    $cond = '';			# last CASE: condidional
+    push(@line, "$END:");
+    push(@line_no, $line_no[-1]);
+    $_ = '';
+    &check_cpp;
+    while (@line) {
+	&CASE_handler if check_keyword("CASE");
+	print Q<<"EOF";
+#   $except [[
+EOF
+
+	# do initialization of input variables
+	$thisdone = 0;
+	$retvaldone = 0;
+	$deferred = "";
+	%arg_list = () ;
+        $gotRETVAL = 0;
+
+	INPUT_handler() ;
+	process_keyword("INPUT|PREINIT|INTERFACE_MACRO|C_ARGS|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE|SCOPE") ;
+
+	print Q<<"EOF" if $ScopeThisXSUB;
+#   ENTER;
+#   [[
+EOF
+	
+	if (!$thisdone && defined($class)) {
+	    if (defined($static) or $func_name eq 'new') {
+		print "\tchar *";
+		$var_types{"CLASS"} = "char *";
+		&generate_init("char *", 1, "CLASS");
+	    }
+	    else {
+		print "\t$class *";
+		$var_types{"THIS"} = "$class *";
+		&generate_init("$class *", 1, "THIS");
+	    }
+	}
+
+	# do code
+	if (/^\s*NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET/) {
+		print "\n\tPerl_croak(aTHX_ \"$pname: not implemented yet\");\n";
+		$_ = '' ;
+	} else {
+		if ($ret_type ne "void") {
+			print "\t" . &map_type($ret_type, 'RETVAL') . ";\n"
+				if !$retvaldone;
+			$args_match{"RETVAL"} = 0;
+			$var_types{"RETVAL"} = $ret_type;
+			print "\tdXSTARG;\n"
+				if $WantOptimize and $targetable{$type_kind{$ret_type}};
+		}
+
+		if (@arg_with_types) {
+		    unshift @line, @arg_with_types, $_;
+		    $_ = "";
+		    $processing_arg_with_types = 1;
+		    INPUT_handler() ;
+		}
+		XS_process($deferred);
+
+        process_keyword("INIT|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE|INTERFACE_MACRO|INTERFACE|C_ARGS") ;
+
+		if (check_keyword("PPCODE")) {
+			print_section();
+			death ("PPCODE must be last thing") if @line;
+			print "\tLEAVE;\n" if $ScopeThisXSUB;
+			print "\tPUTBACK;\n\treturn;\n";
+		} elsif (check_keyword("CODE")) {
+			print_section() ;
+		} elsif (defined($class) and $func_name eq "DESTROY") {
+			print "\n\t";
+			print "delete THIS;\n";
+		} else {
+			print "\n\t";
+			if ($ret_type ne "void") {
+				print "RETVAL = ";
+				$wantRETVAL = 1;
+			}
+			if (defined($static)) {
+			    if ($func_name eq 'new') {
+				$func_name = "$class";
+			    } else {
+				print "${class}::";
+			    }
+			} elsif (defined($class)) {
+			    if ($func_name eq 'new') {
+				$func_name .= " $class";
+			    } else {
+				print "THIS->";
+			    }
+			}
+			$func_name =~ s/^($spat)//
+			    if defined($spat);
+			$func_name = 'XSFUNCTION' if $interface;
+			print "$func_name($func_args);\n";
+		}
+	}
+
+	# do output variables
+	$gotRETVAL = 0;		# 1 if RETVAL seen in OUTPUT section;
+	undef $RETVAL_code ;	# code to set RETVAL (from OUTPUT section);
+	# $wantRETVAL set if 'RETVAL =' autogenerated
+	($wantRETVAL, $ret_type) = (0, 'void') if $RETVAL_no_return;
+	undef %outargs ;
+	process_keyword("POSTCALL|OUTPUT|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE"); 
+
+	&generate_output($var_types{$_}, $args_match{$_}, $_, $DoSetMagic)
+	  for grep $in_out{$_} =~ /OUT$/, keys %in_out;
+
+	# all OUTPUT done, so now push the return value on the stack
+	if ($gotRETVAL && $RETVAL_code) {
+	    XS_process("\t$RETVAL_code\n");
+	} elsif ($gotRETVAL || $wantRETVAL) {
+	    my $t = $WantOptimize && $targetable{$type_kind{$ret_type}};
+	    my $var = 'RETVAL';
+	    my $type = $ret_type;
+
+	    # 0: type, 1: with_size, 2: how, 3: how_size
+	    if ($t and not $t->[1] and $t->[0] eq 'p') {
+		# PUSHp corresponds to setpvn.  Treate setpv directly
+		my $what = eval qq("$t->[2]");
+		warn $@ if $@;
+
+		print "\tsv_setpv(TARG, $what); XSprePUSH; PUSHTARG;\n";
+		$prepush_done = 1;
+	    }
+	    elsif ($t) {
+		my $what = eval qq("$t->[2]");
+		warn $@ if $@;
+
+		my $size = $t->[3];
+		$size = '' unless defined $size;
+		$size = eval qq("$size");
+		warn $@ if $@;
+		print "\tXSprePUSH; PUSH$t->[0]($what$size);\n";
+		$prepush_done = 1;
+	    }
+	    else {
+		# RETVAL almost never needs SvSETMAGIC()
+		&generate_output($ret_type, 0, 'RETVAL', 0);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	$xsreturn = 1 if $ret_type ne "void";
+	my $num = $xsreturn;
+	my $c = @outlist;
+	print "\tXSprePUSH;" if $c and not $prepush_done;
+	print "\tEXTEND(SP,$c);\n" if $c;
+	$xsreturn += $c;
+	generate_output($var_types{$_}, $num++, $_, 0, 1) for @outlist;
+
+	# do cleanup
+	process_keyword("CLEANUP|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE") ;
+
+	print Q<<"EOF" if $ScopeThisXSUB;
+#   ]]
+EOF
+	print Q<<"EOF" if $ScopeThisXSUB and not $PPCODE;
+#   LEAVE;
+EOF
+
+	# print function trailer
+	print Q<<EOF;
+#    ]]
+EOF
+	print Q<<EOF if $except;
+#    BEGHANDLERS
+#    CATCHALL
+#	sprintf(errbuf, "%s: %s\\tpropagated", Xname, Xreason);
+#    ENDHANDLERS
+EOF
+	if (check_keyword("CASE")) {
+	    blurt ("Error: No `CASE:' at top of function")
+		unless $condnum;
+	    $_ = "CASE: $_";	# Restore CASE: label
+	    next;
+	}
+	last if $_ eq "$END:";
+	death(/^$BLOCK_re/o ? "Misplaced `$1:'" : "Junk at end of function");
+    }
+
+    print Q<<EOF if $except;
+#    if (errbuf[0])
+#	Perl_croak(aTHX_ errbuf);
+EOF
+
+    if ($xsreturn) {
+        print Q<<EOF unless $PPCODE;
+#    XSRETURN($xsreturn);
+EOF
+    } else {
+        print Q<<EOF unless $PPCODE;
+#    XSRETURN_EMPTY;
+EOF
+    }
+
+    print Q<<EOF;
+#]]
+#
+EOF
+
+    my $newXS = "newXS" ;
+    my $proto = "" ;
+
+    # Build the prototype string for the xsub
+    if ($ProtoThisXSUB) {
+	$newXS = "newXSproto";
+
+	if ($ProtoThisXSUB eq 2) {
+	    # User has specified empty prototype
+	    $proto = ', ""' ;
+	}
+        elsif ($ProtoThisXSUB ne 1) {
+            # User has specified a prototype
+            $proto = ', "' . $ProtoThisXSUB . '"';
+        }
+        else {
+	    my $s = ';';
+            if ($min_args < $num_args)  {
+                $s = ''; 
+		$proto_arg[$min_args] .= ";" ;
+	    }
+            push @proto_arg, "$s\@" 
+                if $elipsis ;
+    
+            $proto = ', "' . join ("", @proto_arg) . '"';
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (%XsubAliases) {
+	$XsubAliases{$pname} = 0 
+	    unless defined $XsubAliases{$pname} ;
+	while ( ($name, $value) = each %XsubAliases) {
+	    push(@InitFileCode, Q<<"EOF");
+#        cv = newXS(\"$name\", XS_$Full_func_name, file);
+#        XSANY.any_i32 = $value ;
+EOF
+	push(@InitFileCode, Q<<"EOF") if $proto;
+#        sv_setpv((SV*)cv$proto) ;
+EOF
+        }
+    } 
+    elsif (@Attributes) {
+	    push(@InitFileCode, Q<<"EOF");
+#        cv = newXS(\"$pname\", XS_$Full_func_name, file);
+#        apply_attrs_string("$Package", cv, "@Attributes", 0);
+EOF
+    }
+    elsif ($interface) {
+	while ( ($name, $value) = each %Interfaces) {
+	    $name = "$Package\::$name" unless $name =~ /::/;
+	    push(@InitFileCode, Q<<"EOF");
+#        cv = newXS(\"$name\", XS_$Full_func_name, file);
+#        $interface_macro_set(cv,$value) ;
+EOF
+	    push(@InitFileCode, Q<<"EOF") if $proto;
+#        sv_setpv((SV*)cv$proto) ;
+EOF
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+	push(@InitFileCode,
+	     "        ${newXS}(\"$pname\", XS_$Full_func_name, file$proto);\n");
+    }
+}
+
+# print initialization routine
+
+print Q<<"EOF";
+##ifdef __cplusplus
+#extern "C"
+##endif
+EOF
+
+print Q<<"EOF";
+#XS(boot_$Module_cname)
+EOF
+
+print Q<<"EOF";
+#[[
+#    dXSARGS;
+#    char* file = __FILE__;
+#
+EOF
+
+print Q<<"EOF" if $WantVersionChk ;
+#    XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK ;
+#
+EOF
+
+print Q<<"EOF" if defined $XsubAliases or defined $Interfaces ;
+#    {
+#        CV * cv ;
+#
+EOF
+
+print @InitFileCode;
+
+print Q<<"EOF" if defined $XsubAliases or defined $Interfaces ;
+#    }
+EOF
+
+if (@BootCode)
+{
+    print "\n    /* Initialisation Section */\n\n" ;
+    @line = @BootCode;
+    print_section();
+    print "\n    /* End of Initialisation Section */\n\n" ;
+}
+
+print Q<<"EOF";;
+#    XSRETURN_YES;
+#]]
+#
+EOF
+
+warn("Please specify prototyping behavior for $filename (see perlxs manual)\n") 
+    unless $ProtoUsed ;
+&Exit;
+
+sub output_init {
+    local($type, $num, $var, $init, $name_printed) = @_;
+    local($arg) = "ST(" . ($num - 1) . ")";
+
+    if(  $init =~ /^=/  ) {
+        if ($name_printed) {
+	  eval qq/print " $init\\n"/;
+	} else {
+	  eval qq/print "\\t$var $init\\n"/;
+	}
+	warn $@   if  $@;
+    } else {
+	if(  $init =~ s/^\+//  &&  $num  ) {
+	    &generate_init($type, $num, $var, $name_printed);
+	} elsif ($name_printed) {
+	    print ";\n";
+	    $init =~ s/^;//;
+	} else {
+	    eval qq/print "\\t$var;\\n"/;
+	    warn $@   if  $@;
+	    $init =~ s/^;//;
+	}
+	$deferred .= eval qq/"\\n\\t$init\\n"/;
+	warn $@   if  $@;
+    }
+}
+
+sub line_directive
+{
+    # work out the line number
+    my $line_no = $line_no[@line_no - @line -1] ;
+ 
+    return "#line $line_no \"$filename\"\n" ;
+}
+
+sub Warn
+{
+    # work out the line number
+    my $line_no = $line_no[@line_no - @line -1] ;
+ 
+    print STDERR "@_ in $filename, line $line_no\n" ;
+}
+
+sub blurt 
+{ 
+    Warn @_ ;
+    $errors ++ 
+}
+
+sub death
+{
+    Warn @_ ;
+    exit 1 ;
+}
+
+sub generate_init {
+    local($type, $num, $var, $arg, $immed) = @_;
+    local($argoff) = $num - 1;
+    local($ntype);
+    local($tk);
+
+    $arg ||= "ST(" . ($num - 1) . ")";
+    $type = TidyType($type) ;
+    blurt("Error: '$type' not in typemap"), return 
+	unless defined($type_kind{$type});
+
+    ($ntype = $type) =~ s/\s*\*/Ptr/g;
+    ($subtype = $ntype) =~ s/(?:Array)?(?:Ptr)?$//;
+    $tk = $type_kind{$type};
+    $tk =~ s/OBJ$/REF/ if $func_name =~ /DESTROY$/;
+    $type =~ tr/:/_/;
+    blurt("Error: No INPUT definition for type '$type', typekind '$type_kind{$type}' found"), return
+        unless defined $input_expr{$tk} ;
+    $expr = $input_expr{$tk};
+    if ($expr =~ /DO_ARRAY_ELEM/) {
+        blurt("Error: '$subtype' not in typemap"), return 
+	    unless defined($type_kind{$subtype});
+        blurt("Error: No INPUT definition for type '$subtype', typekind '$type_kind{$subtype}' found"), return
+            unless defined $input_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}} ;
+	$subexpr = $input_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}};
+	$subexpr =~ s/ntype/subtype/g;
+	$subexpr =~ s/\$arg/ST(ix_$var)/g;
+	$subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g;
+	$subexpr =~ s/is not of (.*\")/[arg %d] is not of $1, ix_$var + 1/g;
+	$subexpr =~ s/\$var/${var}[ix_$var - $argoff]/;
+	$expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM/$subexpr/;
+    }
+    if ($expr =~ m#/\*.*scope.*\*/#i) { # "scope" in C comments
+    	$ScopeThisXSUB = 1;
+    }
+    if (defined($defaults{$var})) {
+	    $expr =~ s/(\t+)/$1    /g;
+	    $expr =~ s/        /\t/g;
+	    if ($name_printed) {
+	      print ";\n";
+	    } else {
+	      eval qq/print "\\t$var;\\n"/;
+	      warn $@   if  $@;
+	    }
+	    if ($defaults{$var} eq 'NO_INIT') {
+		$deferred .= eval qq/"\\n\\tif (items >= $num) {\\n$expr;\\n\\t}\\n"/;
+	    } else {
+		$deferred .= eval qq/"\\n\\tif (items < $num)\\n\\t    $var = $defaults{$var};\\n\\telse {\\n$expr;\\n\\t}\\n"/;
+	    }
+	    warn $@   if  $@;
+    } elsif ($ScopeThisXSUB or $expr !~ /^\t\$var =/) {
+	    if ($name_printed) {
+	      print ";\n";
+	    } else {
+	      eval qq/print "\\t$var;\\n"/;
+	      warn $@   if  $@;
+	    }
+	    $deferred .= eval qq/"\\n$expr;\\n"/;
+	    warn $@   if  $@;
+    } else {
+	    die "panic: do not know how to handle this branch for function pointers"
+	      if $name_printed;
+	    eval qq/XS_process "$expr;\\n"/;
+	    warn $@   if  $@;
+    }
+}
+
+sub generate_output {
+    local($type, $num, $var, $do_setmagic, $do_push, $arg, $mortalize) = @_;
+    local($argoff) = $num - 1;
+    local($ntype);
+
+    $mortalize ||= $var eq 'RETVAL';
+    $arg ||= "ST(" . ($num - ($num != 0)) . ")";
+    $type = TidyType($type) ;
+    if ($type =~ /^array\(([^,]*),(.*)\)/) {
+	    print "\tsv_setpvn($arg, (char *)$var, $2 * sizeof($1));\n";
+	    print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic;
+    } else {
+	    blurt("Error: '$type' not in typemap"), return
+		unless defined($type_kind{$type});
+            blurt("Error: No OUTPUT definition for type '$type', typekind '$type_kind{$type}' found"), return
+                unless defined $output_expr{$type_kind{$type}} ;
+	    ($ntype = $type) =~ s/\s*\*/Ptr/g;
+	    $ntype =~ s/\(\)//g;
+	    ($subtype = $ntype) =~ s/(?:Array)?(?:Ptr)?$//;
+	    $expr = $output_expr{$type_kind{$type}};
+	    if ($expr =~ /DO_ARRAY_ELEM/) {
+	        blurt("Error: '$subtype' not in typemap"), return
+		    unless defined($type_kind{$subtype});
+                blurt("Error: No OUTPUT definition for type '$subtype', typekind '$type_kind{$subtype}' found"), return
+                    unless defined $output_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}} ;
+		$subexpr = $output_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}};
+		$subexpr =~ s/ntype/subtype/g;
+		$subexpr =~ s/\$arg/ST(ix_$var)/g;
+		$subexpr =~ s/\$var/${var}[ix_$var]/g;
+		$subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g;
+		$expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM\n/$subexpr/;
+		eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+		warn $@   if  $@;
+		print "\t\tSvSETMAGIC(ST(ix_$var));\n" if $do_setmagic;
+	    }
+	    elsif ($mortalize) {
+		if ($expr =~ /^\t\$arg = new/) {
+		    # We expect that $arg has refcnt 1, so we need to
+		    # mortalize it.
+		    eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+		    warn $@   if  $@;
+		    print "\tsv_2mortal($arg);\n";
+		    print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic;
+		}
+		elsif ($expr =~ /^\s*\$arg\s*=/) {
+		    # We expect that $arg has refcnt >=1, so we need
+		    # to mortalize it!
+		    eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+		    warn $@   if  $@;
+		    print "\tsv_2mortal($arg);\n";
+		    print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic;
+		}
+		else {
+		    # Just hope that the entry would safely write it
+		    # over an already mortalized value. By
+		    # coincidence, something like $arg = &sv_undef
+		    # works too.
+		    print "\t$arg = sv_newmortal();\n";
+		    eval "XS_process qq\a$expr\a";
+		    warn $@   if  $@;
+		    # new mortals don't have set magic
+		}
+	    }
+	    elsif ($do_push) {
+	        print "\tPUSHs(sv_newmortal());\n";
+		$arg = "ST($num)";
+		eval "print qq\a$expr\a";
+		warn $@   if  $@;
+		print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic;
+	    }
+	    else {
+		eval "XS_process qq\a$expr\a";
+		warn $@   if  $@;
+		print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic;
+	    }
+    }
+}
+
+sub map_type {
+    my($type, $varname) = @_;
+
+    $type =~ tr/:/_/;
+    $type =~ s/^array\(([^,]*),(.*)\).*/$1 */s;
+    if ($varname) {
+      if ($varname && $type =~ / \( \s* \* (?= \s* \) ) /xg) {
+	(substr $type, pos $type, 0) = " $varname ";
+      } else {
+	$type .= "\t$varname";
+      }
+    }
+    $type;
+}
+
+
+sub Exit {
+# If this is VMS, the exit status has meaning to the shell, so we
+# use a predictable value (SS$_Normal or SS$_Abort) rather than an
+# arbitrary number.
+#    exit ($Is_VMS ? ($errors ? 44 : 1) : $errors) ;
+    exit ($errors ? 1 : 0);
+}
End of Patch.