Literal Values

I've written a frist version of the "1.1 - Literal Values" subsection 
(in Michael's schema).

It discusses the different ways of creating literal numbers and 
strings in perl6. 

There are no tests, and the format may be outdated. I will gladly 
resubmit this in a more complete form.

I have directly stolen some paragraphs from perl5 documentation. 
Special prize to the one who lists all the original sources!

This is just a tentative draft, so feel free to delete/add at your own 
taste.

Does it look ok? Any comments? (including grammar errors, of course)

-angel

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=subsection Literal Values

=head1 Literal numbers

=head2 Integers

Integers can be represented by its decimal representation,
such as:

 my $x = 14;   # stores the integer 14 in $x

You can also write the number in any other base, using the
C<radix:dddddddd> syntax.

For example:

 my $x = 2:101110;           #binary
 my $x = 3:1210112;          #tertiary
 my $3 = 8:1270;             #octal
 my $x = 16:1E3A7;           #hexadecimal
 my $x = 256:255.255.255.0;  #256-base

As you can see, when the base is greater than 10, there
is a need to represent digits that are greater than 9.

You can do this in two ways:

=over

=item *

Alphabetic characters: Following the standard
convention, perl will interpret the A letter as the digit 10,
the B letter as digit 11, and so on.

=item *

Separating by dots: You can also write each digit in
its decimal representation, and separate digits using the
C<.> character.

=back

For example, the integer 30 can be written in hexadecimal
base in two equivalent ways:

  my $x = 16:1D
  my $x = 16:1.14

This two representations are incompatible, so writing
something like C<16:D.13> will generate a compile-time error.

Finally, you can create negative integers prepending the
C<-> character.

For example:

 my $x = 18;
 my $x = -18;

=head2 Floating Point-Numbers

You can use the decimal representation of the number and
the standard exponental notation.

 my $x = -2.542;
 my $x = 7.823e12;

Perl lets you operate integer numbers with floating-point
numbers, so the following operation is correct:

 print 3.5 + 2;  # prints 5.5

=head1 Literal strings

Duble quotes or single quotes may be used around literal
strings:

 print "Hello, world";
 print 'Hello, world';

However, only double quotes "interpolate" variables and
special characters such as newlines ("\n"):

  print "Hello, $name\n";     # works fine
  print 'Hello, $name\n';     # prints $name\n literally

  my $x = 'world';
  print "Hello, $x";        # Hello, world

You can type any character including newlines and tabs
in literal strings:

 my $x = 'Look mum, I can type
 newlines and 	tabs too!';

If you use a Unicode editor to edit your program,
Unicode characters may occur directly within the
literal strings.

Unicode characters can also be added to a doble-quoted
string using the C<\x{...}> notation. The Unicode code
for the desired character, in hexadecimal, should be
placed in the braces. For instance, a smiley face is
C<\x{263A}>.

Perl provides escapes for easily inserting characters
that have a codepoint below 256:

 print "\xB"  # Hexadecimal - character number 16:xA
 print "\024" # Octal       - character number 8:33

Aditionally, you can use the C<\N{...}> notation and
put the official Unicode character name within the
braces, such as C<\N{WHITE SMILING FACE}>.

See the L<quotes> section for a full explanation
of the interpolation mechanism and a list of special
characters in doble-quoted strings.

=head2 String as vector of ordinals

Literals of the form C<v1.2.3.4> are parsed as a string
composed of characters with the specified ordinals.  This
is an alternative, more readable way to construct
(possibly unicode) strings instead of interpolating
characters, as in C<\x{1}\x{2}\x{3}\x{4}>. The leading C<v>
may be omitted if there are more than two ordinals, so
C<1.2.3> is parsed the same as C<v1.2.3>.