[pfx] Re: SMTPUTF8

Gerald Galster via Postfix-users <[email protected]> Fri, 3 Jul 2026 01:51:07 +0200
Newsgroups gmane.mail.postfix.user
Message-ID <[email protected]>
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> Danjel Jungersen via Postfix-users <[email protected]>:
> On 2 July 2026 22:55:34 CEST, John Levine <[email protected] =
<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>> It appears that Danjel Jungersen via Postfix-users =
<[email protected]> said:
>>> -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-
>>> -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-
>>>=20
>>> Hi.
>>>=20
>>> We have strange letters here. (=C3=A6=C3=B8=C3=A5=C3=86=C3=98=C3=85).
>>=20
>> That's an Internationalized Domain Name (IDN), in the Unicode U-label =
form.
>> THe encoded A-label equivalent which you can look up in the DNS is =
xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk

A common tool for conversion is idn2:

  $ idn2 vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk
  xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk

  $ idn2 -d xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk
  vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk

>>> 3E0D010E0084: to=3D<stefan@vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk>,=20
>>> relay=3Dmx.simply.com[94.231.106.20]:25, delay=3D0.88,=20
>>> delays=3D0.46/0.1/0.32/0, dsn=3D5.6.7, status=3Dbounced (SMTPUTF8 is =
required,=20
>>> but was not offered by host mx.simply.com[94.231.106.20])
>>=20
>> His correspondent's mail is misconfigured.  If a mail server is going =
to
>> handle mail with IDN addresses, it needs to enable the SMTPUTF8 =
feature
>> which his provider mx.simply.com has not done.  That is their =
mistake,
>> they have to fix it.
>>=20
>> A possible workaround is to send mail to the A-label version of the=20=

>> address, [email protected] which would not need =
SMTPUTF8.
>> I poked at the server and it accepted that address.
>=20
>=20
> Is there a reason why this is not attempted automatically?

That's the way browsers do it. A URL like http://vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk/ =
will
internally be converted to xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk and sent as the HTTP
Hostname. The remote webserver usually has xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk
configured as ServerName oder ServerAlias (Apache), so everything =
matches.
The URL in the browser's location bar does not change and shows =
vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk.
After all it's just another representation of the same thing in this =
regard.

Unfortunately MUAs did not support that mechanism very well. Maybe the =
situation
has improved by now.

> The receiver claims that he receives mail from other people using the =
IDN version.

Does the receiver's MUA transparently convert domain names?

I advise to thoroughly check mailsystems before enabling SMTPUTF8, =
especially
in combination with backends like dovecot as an LMTP server.

At least dovecot 2.4.1 was not ready for SMTPUTF8:
=
https://dovecot.org/mailman3/archives/list/[email protected]/thread/WS5X=
U7ULAN6KAXK4JR6GZK26J56ON3GP/

And think of arbitrary mailsystems that might have enabled SMTPUTF8 =
without
having verified backend compatibility and what that means for reliable =
delivery.

Best regards,
Gerald




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<html><head><meta http-equiv=3D"content-type" content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dutf-8"></head><body style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><br =
id=3D"lineBreakAtBeginningOfMessage"><div><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div>Danjel Jungersen via Postfix-users =
&lt;[email protected]&gt;:</div><div><span style=3D"caret-color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: =
normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; =
white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; =
text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;">On 2 =
July 2026 22:55:34 CEST, John Levine &lt;</span><a =
href=3D"mailto:[email protected]" style=3D"font-family: Menlo-Regular; =
font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; =
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: =
start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: =
0px;">[email protected]</a><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); =
font-family: Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; =
text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;">&gt; =
wrote:</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: =
Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: =
none;"><blockquote type=3D"cite" style=3D"font-family: Menlo-Regular; =
font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; =
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: =
start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; =
text-decoration: none;">It appears that Danjel Jungersen via =
Postfix-users &lt;[email protected]&gt; said:<br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-<br>-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-<br><br>Hi.<br=
><br>We have strange letters here. =
(=C3=A6=C3=B8=C3=A5=C3=86=C3=98=C3=85).<br></blockquote><br>That's an =
Internationalized Domain Name (IDN), in the Unicode U-label form.<br>THe =
encoded A-label equivalent which you can look up in the DNS is =
xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk<br></blockquote></div></blockquote><div><br></div=
><div>A common tool for conversion is =
idn2:</div><div><br></div><div><div>&nbsp; $ idn2 =
vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk</div><div>&nbsp; =
xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk</div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp; $ idn2 -d =
xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk</div><div>&nbsp; =
vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk</div></div><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div><blockquote type=3D"cite" style=3D"font-family: =
Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; =
text-decoration: none;"><blockquote type=3D"cite">3E0D010E0084: =
to=3D&lt;stefan@vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk&gt;,<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br>relay=3Dmx.simply.com[94.=
231.106.20]:25, delay=3D0.88,<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br>delays=3D0.46/0.1/0.32/0,=
 dsn=3D5.6.7, status=3Dbounced (SMTPUTF8 is required,<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br>but was not offered by =
host mx.simply.com[94.231.106.20])<br></blockquote><br>His =
correspondent's mail is misconfigured. &nbsp;If a mail server is going =
to<br>handle mail with IDN addresses, it needs to enable the SMTPUTF8 =
feature<br>which his provider mx.simply.com has not done. &nbsp;That is =
their mistake,<br>they have to fix it.<br><br>A possible workaround is =
to send mail to the A-label version of the<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br>address, =
[email protected] which would not need SMTPUTF8.<br>I =
poked at the server and it accepted that address.<br></blockquote><br =
style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Menlo-Regular; =
font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; =
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: =
none;"><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: =
Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: =
none;"><span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: =
Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: =
none; float: none; display: inline !important;">Is there a reason why =
this is not attempted automatically?</span><br style=3D"caret-color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: =
normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; =
white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; =
text-decoration: none;"></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That's =
the way browsers do it. A URL like http://vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk/ =
will</div><div>internally be converted to&nbsp;xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk =
and sent as the HTTP</div><div>Hostname. The remote webserver usually =
has <span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, =
0);">xn--vestskovslbet-knb.dk</span></div><div><span style=3D"caret-color:=
 rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">configured as ServerName oder =
ServerAlias (Apache), so everything matches.</span></div><div>The URL in =
the browser's location bar does not change and shows =
vestskovsl=C3=B8bet.dk.</div><div>After all it's just another =
representation of the same thing in this =
regard.</div><div><br></div><div>Unfortunately MUAs did not support that =
mechanism very well. Maybe the situation</div><div>has improved by =
now.</div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div><span style=3D"caret-color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: =
normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; =
white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; =
text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;">The =
receiver claims that he receives mail from other people using the IDN =
version.</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: =
Menlo-Regular; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: =
none;"></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Does the receiver's MUA =
transparently convert domain names?</div><div><br></div><div>I advise to =
thoroughly check mailsystems before enabling SMTPUTF8, =
especially</div><div>in combination with backends like dovecot as an =
LMTP server.</div><div><br></div><div>At least dovecot 2.4.1 was not =
ready for =
SMTPUTF8:</div><div>https://dovecot.org/mailman3/archives/list/dovecot@dov=
ecot.org/thread/WS5XU7ULAN6KAXK4JR6GZK26J56ON3GP/</div><div><br></div><div=
>And think of arbitrary mailsystems that might have enabled SMTPUTF8 =
without</div><div>having verified backend compatibility and what that =
means for reliable delivery.</div><div><br></div><div>Best =
regards,</div><div>Gerald</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></di=
v></div></body></html>=

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